Estilos de personalidade, objetos do Self e suicidalidade em adultos da comunidade

Este trabalho avaliou a influência dos estilos de personalidade anaclítico e introjetivo (Blatt, 2008) na suicidalidade e o efeito moderador nesta relação dos objetos do self (Kohut, 1971). Foi controlado o efeito de um conjunto de variáveis sociodemográficas relevantes para o risco de suicídio e o efeito da sintomatologia depressiva. Uma amostra com 195 adultos da comunidade, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 65 anos de idade (M=34.88, SD=12.49), respondeu ao Questionário de Experiências Depressivas (QED), à Escala de Depressão do Centro de Estudos Epistemológicos (CES-D), ao Questionário de Comportamentos Suicidários - Revisto (QCS-R) e ao Inventário de Necessidades dos Objetos do Self (SONI). Verificou-se que a presença de doença crónica e psiquiátrica, a depressão, o autocriticismo e a necessidade de objetos do self twinship se relacionam com a suicidalidade. Verificou-se ainda que a necessidade de objetos do self de twinship interage com o autocriticismo na previsão da suicidalidade; Abstract: Personality styles, selfobjects and suicidality in adults in the community This study evaluated the influence of personality styles anaclitic and introjective (Blatt,2008) to suicidality and the moderating effect on this relation of selfobjects (Kohut, 1971). The effect of a set of relevant sociodemographic variables for the risk of suicide and the effect of depressive symptoms were controlled. A sample of 195 adultsin the community, aged between 18 and 65 years old (M = 34.88, SD = 12.49), responded to the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (QED), the Center for the Epidemiological Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D), the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire -Revised(QCS-R) and the Selfobject Needs Inventory (SONI). It has been found that presence of chronic disease and psychiatric depression, selfcriticism and the need for twinship selfobjects are related to suicidality. It was also found that need for twinship selfobjects interacts with the selfcriticism in predicting suicidality

The moderating effect of gender on the relationship between coping and suicide risk in a Portuguese community sample of adults

Background and aims(s): The study evaluated the contribution of coping strategies, based on the Toulousiane conceptualization of coping, to the prediction of suicide risk and tested the moderating effect of gender, controlling for depressive symptoms. Method: A two-time data collection design was used. A community sample of 195 adults (91 men and 104 women) ranging in age from 19 to 65 years and living in several Portuguese regions, mostly in Alentejo, participated in this research. Results: Gender, depressive symptoms, control, and withdrawal and conversion significantly predicted suicide risk and gender interacted with control, withdrawal and conversion, and social distraction in the prediction of suicide risk. Coping predicted suicide risk only for women. Conclusions: Results have important implications for assessment and intervention with suicide at-risk individuals. In particular,the evaluation and development of coping skills is indicated as a goal for therapists having suicide at-risk women as clients

Self-report depressive symptoms do not directly predict suicidality in nonclinical individuals: Contributions toward a more psychosocial approach to suicide risk

Although suicidality is associated with mental illness in general and depression in particular, many depressed individuals do not attempt suicide and some individuals who attempt to or do die by suicide do not present depressive symptoms. This article aims to contribute to a more psychosocial approach to understanding suicide risk in nonclinical populations. In advocating a psychosocial perspective rather than a depression-focused approach, this article presents four diverse studies that demonstrate sampling and measurement invariance in findings across different populations and specific measures. Study 1 tests the mediation effects of 2 interpersonal variables, thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, in the association between depressive symptoms and recent suicidality. Studies 2 and 3 evaluate the contribution of hopelessness and psychache, beyond depressive symptoms, to suicidality. Study 4 tests the contribution of life events behind depressive symptoms, and other relevant sociodemographic and clinical variables, to the estimation of “future suicidality.” Overall, results demonstrate that depressive symptoms do not directly predict suicidality in nonclinical individuals, but that other psychosocial variables mediate the association between depressive symptoms and suicidality or predict suicidality when statistically controlling for depressive symptoms. The article contributes to understanding some of the nonpsychopathological factors that potentially link depressive symptoms to suicide risk and that might themselves contribute to suicidality, even when controlling for depressive symptoms