Double categories of relations relative to factorisation systems

We relativise double categories of relations to stable orthogonal factorisation systems. Furthermore, we present the characterisation of the relative double categories of relations in two ways. The first utilises a generalised comprehension scheme, and the second focuses on a specific class of vertical arrows defined solely double-categorically. We organise diverse classes of double categories of relations and correlate them with significant classes of factorisation systems. Our framework embraces double categories of spans and double categories of relations on regular categories, which we meticulously compare to existing work on the characterisations of bicategories and double categories of spans and relations.Comment: 53 page

Usefulness and Problems of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in Prediction of the Depth of Tumor Invasion in Early Gastric Cancer

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in local and regional staging of early gastric cancer, to analyze the factors influencing the accuracy of EUS, and to reveal the usefulness and problems of EUS in pre-treatment staging of gastric cancer. We examined 105 lesions in 104 patients with histologically confirmed gastric cancer and retrospectively evaluated them with EUS. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of EUS were determined by comparing the pre-treatment EUS with the postoperative histopathological findings. The overall diagnostic accuracy of EUS for the depth of cancer invasion was 86%. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 60% and 96%, respectively. The accuracy significantly declined in lesions located in the upper-third of the stomach (70%). Type 0-I lesions tended to be over-staged (12&), and the upper-third lesions tended to be under-staged (23%). The accuracy significantly declined in differentiated adenocarcinoma with massive submucosal invasion (56.5%). EUS is useful for evaluating the depth of gastric cancer invasion which determines the feasibility of endoscopic treatment. However, it is noteworthy that the diagnostic accuracy of the invasion depth diminished for lesions in the upper third of the stomach

Saizu: A Very Big Loanword in Japanese

The tradition of student-centered active learning for development of critical thinking at Miyazaki International College provides valuable opportunities for discovery in the classroom. This brief paper outlines the results of one such student project in LL3141, Topics in Linguistics, taught by Debra J Occhi in fall semester of 2013. Students were inspired to undertake this research while reading and discussing Language Contact Meets Cognitive Linguistics: A Case of Getto-suru in Japanese (Horie & Occhi 2001). This paper reviews those findings, presents issues students found especially relevant about loanword behavior discussed in Olah (2007) and about English made in Japan (wasei eigo, discussed in Miller 1997), lists noun loanwords found in Japanese-English dictionaries, presents and analyzes instances of use of the loanword saizu (from English “size”)

Treatment for a non-compliant patient with cancer and epilepsy

　A 58-year-old man with cervical esophageal cancer and a history of epilepsy was treated with chemoradiotherapy from May of 2013. When tube feeding was initiated due to aspiration pneumonitis, the patient showed a degree of irritability that affected routine staff work and treatment compliance. We attempted to perform supportive care for maladjustment by the notice, the fast, and the tube feeding, but there was no improvement. After we added carbamazepine, primidone, and propericiazine (which had been canceled at the initiation of the tube feeding) to the patient's intravenous phenytoin, the symptoms and treatment compliance improved significantly. We concluded that the causes of the patient's irritability were maladjustment and his epilepsy

Effects of Resonance Phenomenon caused by Power Supply on JT-60SA CS

The maximum voltage between the CS module terminals is designed to be 10 kV, the voltage between the layers under ideal conditions is then about 0.38 kV because the CS module has 52 layers. But, in operating condition, there is a possibility that the voltage between the layers is higher than 0.38 kV due to the voltage fluctuations of the power supply and the inhomogeneous voltage distribution in the CS module induced by the resonance phenomenon. The JT-60SA CS consists of four electrically independent stacked CS modules. It might even produce voltages high enough to damage the insulation between the CS conductors, and thus affect the operation of the JT-60SA CS. In the present study, which is based on the results of previous studies, we created a circuit simulation model for the JT-60SA CS (four CS modules), including the structures (ground resistances, CS structure, TFC cases, and EFC covers), and used it to estimate the voltage distribution produced by the resonance phenomenon. From these results, we conclude that the resonance phenomenon caused by power supply frequency components does not impact the insulation between the CS conductors, and hence the JT-60SA CS is electrically stable under normal operating conditions.第26回国際磁石技術会議（MT26 International Conference on Magnet Technology

Effects of Resonance Phenomenon Caused by Power Supply on JT-60SA CS

The maximum voltage between the CS module terminals is designed to be 10 kV, the voltage between the layers under ideal conditions is then about 0.38 kV because the CS module has 52 layers. But, in operating condition, there is a possibility that the voltage between the layers is higher than 0.38 kV due to thevoltage fluctuations of the power supply and the inhomogeneous voltage distribution in the CS module induced by the resonance phenomenon. The JT-60SA CS consists of four electrically independent stacked CS modules. It might even produce voltages high enough to damage the insulation between the CS conductors. In the present study, which is based on the results of previous studies, we created a circuit simulation model for the JT-60SA CS (four CS modules), including the structures (ground resistances, CS structure, TFC cases, and EFC covers), and used it to estimate the voltage distribution produced by the resonance phenomenon. From these results, we conclude that the resonance phenomenon caused by power supply frequency components does not impact the insulation between the CS conductors, and hence the JT-60SA CS is electrically stable under normal operating conditions

Type IVb Hypersensitivity Reaction in the Novel Murine Model of Palladium–Induced Intraoral Allergic Contact Mucositis

Palladium (Pd) is a component of several alloy types that are widely used in our environment, including several dental alloy types that cause adverse reactions such as hypersensitivity in the oral mucosa. However, the pathological mechanism of intraoral Pd allergies remains unclear because its animal model in the oral mucosa has not been established. In this study, we established a novel murine model of Pd–induced allergies in the oral mucosa, and explored the immune response of cytokine profiles and T cell diversity in terms of the T cell receptor. The Pd–induced allergy mouse was generated by two sensitizations with PdCl2, plus a lipopolysaccharide solution into the postauricular skin followed by a single Pd challenge of the buccal mucosa. Significant swelling and pathological features were histologically evident at five days after the challenge, and CD4–positive T cells producing high levels of T helper 2 type cytokines had accumulated in the allergic oral mucosa. Characterization of the T cell receptor repertoire in Palladium allergic mice indicated that Pd–specific T cell populations were limited in V and J genes but were diverse at the clonal level. Our model demonstrated that a Pd–specific T cell population with Th2 type response tendencies may be involved in the Pd–induced intraoral metal contact allergy