Quality of Life of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

This study aimed at exploring the assessment of Quality of Life (QOL) in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), and aiming at assessing the QOL of patients with stages 1–5 Chronic Kidney Disease CKD on conservative treatment in order to identify a possible association between Quality Of Life QOL and progression of kidney insufficiency. The results were compared with those obtained for patients on hemodialysis. Sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data were also evaluated. And the study concluded that research efforts have expanded significantly to determine the state of pediatric CKD patient HRQOL and the factors that impact HRQOL across all stages of CKD and all modalities of renal replacement therapy. Data from all studies suggest that children with a renal transplant fare better with respect to HRQOL than those receiving dialysis

The Use of Pain Management during Anesthesia and its Benefits for Patients

This study, which focuses on current developments in perioperative analgesia, thoroughly investigates the critical role that anaesthesia plays in managing perioperative pain. With a focus on current developments in surgical analgesic procedures, this paper investigates the basic link between anaesthesia and analgesia. The objective of this research is to clarify the changing landscape of anaesthesia in surgical settings and shed insight on the ways in which these developments are helping patients manage their pain. To support its conclusions, this study collected empirical data and conducted a thorough literature analysis, among other rigorous research methods. This study shows how modern anaesthesia has a big impact on healthcare practitioners and academics in this sector. It also provides vital insights into alternate modes of action and effectiveness. By taking into account these variables, this research aims to advance knowledge of the ways that anaesthesia contributes to patients\u27 better perioperative experiences by reducing pain

Damage in dual phase steel DP1000 investigated using digital image correlation and microstructure simulation

Microstructure failure mechanisms and void nucleation in dual-phase (DP) steels during deformation have been studied using a combination of in situ tensile testing in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), digital image correlation (DIC) and finite element (FE) modelling. SEM images acquired during in situ tests were used to follow the evolution of damage within the microstructure of a DP1000 steel. From these images, strain maps were generated using DIC and used as boundary conditions for a FE model to investigate the stress state of martensite and ferrite before the onset of the martensite phase cracking. Based on the simulation results, a maximum principal stress of about 1700 MPa has been estimated for crack initiation in the martensite of the investigated DP1000 steel. The SEM image observations in combination with the FE analyses provide new insights for the development of physically-based damage models for DP-steels

Gain and loss of function variants in EZH1 disrupt neurogenesis and cause dominant and recessive neurodevelopmental disorders.

Genetic variants in chromatin regulators are frequently found in neurodevelopmental disorders, but their effect in disease etiology is rarely determined. Here, we uncover and functionally define pathogenic variants in the chromatin modifier EZH1 as the cause of dominant and recessive neurodevelopmental disorders in 19 individuals. EZH1 encodes one of the two alternative histone H3 lysine 27 methyltransferases of the PRC2 complex. Unlike the other PRC2 subunits, which are involved in cancers and developmental syndromes, the implication of EZH1 in human development and disease is largely unknown. Using cellular and biochemical studies, we demonstrate that recessive variants impair EZH1 expression causing loss of function effects, while dominant variants are missense mutations that affect evolutionarily conserved aminoacids, likely impacting EZH1 structure or function. Accordingly, we found increased methyltransferase activity leading to gain of function of two EZH1 missense variants. Furthermore, we show that EZH1 is necessary and sufficient for differentiation of neural progenitor cells in the developing chick embryo neural tube. Finally, using human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cultures and forebrain organoids, we demonstrate that EZH1 variants perturb cortical neuron differentiation. Overall, our work reveals a critical role of EZH1 in neurogenesis regulation and provides molecular diagnosis for previously undefined neurodevelopmental disorders

Gain and loss of function variants in EZH1 disrupt neurogenesis and cause dominant and recessive neurodevelopmental disorders

Genetic variants in chromatin regulators are frequently found in neurodevelopmental disorders, but their effect in disease etiology is rarely determined. Here, we uncover and functionally define pathogenic variants in the chromatin modifier EZH1 as the cause of dominant and recessive neurodevelopmental disorders in 19 individuals. EZH1 encodes one of the two alternative histone H3 lysine 27 methyltransferases of the PRC2 complex. Unlike the other PRC2 subunits, which are involved in cancers and developmental syndromes, the implication of EZH1 in human development and disease is largely unknown. Using cellular and biochemical studies, we demonstrate that recessive variants impair EZH1 expression causing loss of function effects, while dominant variants are missense mutations that affect evolutionarily conserved aminoacids, likely impacting EZH1 structure or function. Accordingly, we found increased methyltransferase activity leading to gain of function of two EZH1 missense variants. Furthermore, we show that EZH1 is necessary and sufficient for differentiation of neural progenitor cells in the developing chick embryo neural tube. Finally, using human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cultures and forebrain organoids, we demonstrate that EZH1 variants perturb cortical neuron differentiation. Overall, our work reveals a critical role of EZH1 in neurogenesis regulation and provides molecular diagnosis for previously undefined neurodevelopmental disorders

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

Prevalance of overweight, obesity and diabetes in undergraduate medical students at Qassim University

Background: Obesity is a public health issue and a worldwide epidemic linked to several major ailments, including diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Saudi Arabia has one of the highest rates of overweight and obesity globally, posing a severe threat to the country’s public health.Objectives:  To assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and high blood sugar among  Qassim University medical students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved medical students at Qassim University, in Saudi Arabia. Results: the prevalence of overweight (27.1%), obesity (14%), sedentary lifestyle (78.8%), poor diet (68.7%),  increased weight associated with genetics stood (11.1%), and hyperglycemia among obese medical students (12.1%). Family history of obesity (adjOR = 5.95, 95% CI: 2.94-12.06; p < 0.001), and diet (adjOR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.27-5.33; p = 0.009), were significantly associated with obesity. Conclusions: A change in sedentary lifestyle and healthy dietary intake is recommended among medical students as a significant association between obesity and diet has been established.Antecedentes: la obesidad es un problema de salud pública y una epidemia mundial vinculada a varias dolencias importantes, como la diabetes, el cáncer y las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Arabia Saudita tiene una de las tasas más altas de sobrepeso y obesidad a nivel mundial, lo que representa una grave amenaza para la salud pública del país. Objetivos: Evaluar la prevalencia del sobrepeso, la obesidad y el nivel alto de azúcar en la sangre entre los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad de Qassim. Métodos: Este estudio transversal involucró a estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad de Qassim, en Arabia Saudita. Resultados: se mantuvo la prevalencia de sobrepeso (27,1%), obesidad (14%), sedentarismo (78,8%), mala alimentación (68,7%), aumento de peso asociado a la genética (11,1%) e hiperglucemia entre estudiantes de medicina obesos (12,1%). %). Los antecedentes familiares de obesidad (adjOR = 5,95, IC del 95 %: 2,94-12,06; p < 0,001) y la dieta (adjOR = 2,60, IC del 95 %: 1,27-5,33; p = 0,009), se asociaron significativamente con la obesidad. Conclusiones: Se recomienda un cambio en el sedentarismo y la ingesta dietética saludable entre los estudiantes de medicina, ya que se ha establecido una asociación significativa entre la obesidad y la dieta

Evaluating Interprofessional Education Readiness and Perceptions Among Health Professions Students

Nouf Sulaiman Alharbi,1– 3 Nourah Mohammed Alenazi,4 Alaa Althubaiti,2,5 Reem Alkahtani,2,3,6 Seema Nasser,2,3,7 Marwh Gassim Aldriwesh2,3,8 1Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4General Administration of Emergencies, Disasters, and Medical Transportation, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 8Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Nouf Sulaiman Alharbi, Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Email [email protected]: Inter-professional learning (IPL) or more broadly Inter-professional Education (IPE) refer to a pedagogical approach that involves creating a learning experience where students from different professions learn about, from, and with each other. IPE is crucial for preparing health professionals to offer patient-centered care as part of an interdisciplinary team. This study aims to assess the readiness for IPL among students from different health professions colleges at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted for this study, with a total of 476 undergraduate students from College of Medicine, College of Nursing, and College of Applied Medical Sciences. By using quota sampling, the readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) was used to assess the student’s readiness for interprofessional learning.Results: The overall mean score of RIPLS for the students participating was 76.20, with the highest mean score in teamwork and collaboration at 39.73. The lowest mean score was in roles and responsibility at 8.45. The professional identity subscale had a mean score of 26.85. A significant difference in professional identity was found between students in applied medical sciences, nursing, and medicine colleges.Conclusion: The study reveals that undergraduate students have positive attitudes towards interprofessional education, which can enhance their engagement in developing competencies necessary for effective contribution to interprofessional healthcare teams. High readiness among medical, nursing, and applied medical sciences students allows for the Introduction of IPL.Keywords: interprofessional education, readiness for interprofessional learning, undergraduate health profession