Effects of Duties in Terminal Patients Wards on Nurses Well-Being

OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to explore the working conditions of nurses and well-being during performing their duties in terminally ill patients’ wards in B.V.H and find out the problems faced by them and to assess the impact of these problems on the social lives on nurses of Bahawal Victoria Hospital. METHODS: Survey method was used to collect data from respondents. A total of 214 nurses are working in terminally ill patients wards B.V.H from them sample size of 50% was selected randomly from all the wards of B.V.H with the response rate of 87%. Data was collected from 109 respondents using a self-administered questionnaire as a tool of data collection.RESULTS: The biggest problem faced by nurses in B.V.H is of excessive work load; nurses have to work a lot, B.V.H is facing grave scarcity of nursing staff. Due to intense nature of job, majority of nurses are victim of job stress. Job stressed has also proved to be cause of physical and psychological illnesses; like insomnia, dementia, hypertension and other disorders. What add to the injury is that apart from performing clinical duties, nurses also have to perform ward management as well. They have to maintain the records of medicine inventory in ward, maintain indent book and they are also responsible for the security of machinery or any equipment’s present in the ward. Most of the nurses are annoyed from patient’s attendants and consider them as the biggest hindrance in their job performance.CONCLUSION: Government must provide the accommodation facilities like staff colony for the nurses. The hospital administration should reduce the working hours of nurses to make some sort of relive Born their workload' There must be sufficient paid leaves in a year for the nurses. A proper service structure should be developed so the promotions and demotions should be done in accordance with some Preset rules and standards. The health department must also provide pick and drop services to the local nursing staff. Male nurses should be appointed especially for the night shift.  Quick and strict action should be taken against those who try to harass the nursing staff. Keywords: Nurses, Terminal Patients Wards, Hypertension, Insomnia, Dementia, Harassment. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/80-07 Publication date:September 30th 2020

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Infiltration of MHD liquid into a deformable porous material

We analyze the capillary rise dynamics for magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) fluid flow through deformable porous material in the presence of gravity effects. The modeling is performed using mixture theory approach and mathematical manipulation yields a nonlinear free boundary problem. Due to the capillary rise action, the pressure gradient in the liquid generates a stress gradient that results in the deformation of porous substrate. The capillary rise process for MHD fluid slows down as compared to Newtonian fluid case. Numerical solutions are obtained using a method of lines approach. The graphical results are presented for important physical parameters, and comparison is presented with Newtonian fluid case

Comparison of Self-Efficacy Levels of the Teachers of Agricultural Universities at Faisalabad and Rawalpindi

ABSTRAC

Effect of bacterial consortia on growth and yield of maize grown in Fusarium infested soil

Soil borne pathogens are responsible for considerable yield losses in field crops. Healthy growth and ultimate yield of the crop depends upon the efficient supply of water, nutrients and absence of biotic and abiotic stress. Under biotic stress plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and compost inhabiting bacteria (CIB) can help the plant to function normally by suppressing the pathogen. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effect of PGPR and CIB on growth and yield of maize, grown in fungus infested soil. Two strains, each of PGPR (Mb4 and Mb7) and CIB (Cb4 and Cb9) were evaluated to improve the growth and yield of maize crop. Maize seeds were sterilized and inoculated with bacterial strains before sowing along with un-inoculated control for comparison. Recommended dose of fertilizers (180, 140, 90 NPK kg ha-1) was applied at sowing and pots were arranged in completely randomized design. Results showed that inoculation with selected strains of bacteria, exhibited percent increase in yield of fresh cob (up to 52.69%) and dry cob (40.87%), cob length (51.42%), grain yield (up to 55.34%), 1000-grain weight (up to 37.27%), K contents in grains and straw (1.756 and 0.793, respectively), %N in grains and straw (up to 2.675 and 0.997%, respectively) and %P in grains and straw (up to 1.756 and 0.793%, respectively) compared to un-inoculated control. Keeping in view the higher yield parameters of inoculated treatments compared to un-inoculated control, it was concluded that inoculation of maize seeds with bacterial consortia suppressed the adverse effect of fungal pathogen and enhanced the growth and yield of maize crop

Experimental investigation of aerosols removal efficiency through self-priming venturi scrubber

Self-priming venturi scrubber is one of the most effective devices used to collect aerosols and soluble gas pollutants from gaseous stream during severe accident in a nuclear power plant. The present study focuses on investigation of dust particle removal efficiency of the venturi scrubber both experimentally and theoretically. Venturi scrubber captures the dust particles in tiny water droplets flowing into it. Inertial impaction is the main mechanism of particles collection in venturi scrubber. The water injected into venturi throat is in the form of jets through multiple holes present at venturi throat. In this study, aerosols removal efficiency of self-priming venturi scrubber was experimentally measured for different operating conditions. Alumina (Al2O3) particles with 0.4-μm diameter and 3950 kg/m3 density were treated as aerosols. Removal efficiency was calculated for different gas flow rates i.e. 3-6 m3/h and liquid flow rates i.e. 0.009–0.025 m3/h. Experimental results depict that aerosols removal efficiency increases with the increase in throat velocity and liquid head. While at lower air flow rate of 3 m3/h, removal efficiency decreases with the increase in liquid head. A theoretical model of venturi scrubber was also employed and experimental results were compared with mathematical model. Experimental results are found to be in good agreement with theoretical results

Investigation of iodine removal efficiency in a venturi scrubber using mass transfer model for CFD

Filtered containment venting system (FCVS) is important for the ultimate safety of a nuclear power plant owing to its use in containment pressure reduction in case of severe accident. It vents a portion of containment air after removal of harmful radioactive products including iodine through venturi scrubber. The purpose of this research was to develop a mass transfer model for estimation of performance of a venturi scrubber for removal of elemental iodine using Computational Fluid Dynamics. A mathematical model for transfer of iodine from air to water was developed based on two film theory of mass transfer and experimentally validated. Simulations were performed for self-priming non-submerged circular venturi scrubber using Fluent and the results were compared with experimental ones. Experimental data was used for validation in which an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium thiosulfate was used as scrubbing solution for removal of iodine. For simulation, only water was used instead of scrubbing solution for simplicity. Euler-Euler approach was used for two-phase modeling and realizable k-epsilon model was used for turbulence modeling. The results obtained from simulations had a good match with the experimental ones