3 research outputs found

    Identification des facteurs permettant l'optimisation de la production de Beauveria Bassiana

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    Beauveria bassiana est un candidat intĂ©ressant pour la lutte microbiologique. Plusieurs isolats, notamment INRS-IP et INRS-CFL, sont utilisĂ©s pour contrĂŽler les insectes nuisibles forestiers et agricoles. Afin de rĂ©pondre aux besoins de conidies lors de l’application sur le terrain de B. bassiana, une optimisation des conditions de production Ă  grande Ă©chelle doit ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©e. Deux isolats de B. bassiana (INRS-IP et INRSCFL) ont Ă©tĂ© choisis pour cette Ă©tude. Ce sont des isolats indigĂšnes de QuĂ©bec. L’isolat INRS-IP a Ă©tĂ© extrait Ă  partir de doryphore de la pomme de terre, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, de l’Île Perrot de QuĂ©bec et INRS-CFL a Ă©tĂ© extrait du grand hylĂ©sine du pin, Tomicus piniperda, Ă  QuĂ©bec. Ces deux isolats ont Ă©tĂ© conservĂ©s dans la banque des champignons du laboratoire d’entomopathogĂšne de l’Institut Armand-Frappier (dans 70% de glycĂ©rol Ă  -80oC). L’orge a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e comme milieu de culture durant les Ă©tudes de la production de ces deux isolats. Des facteurs influençant Ă  la production ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©s sur la base de l’analyse factorielle de type Plackett-Burmen et la mĂ©thodologie de la surface de rĂ©ponse de type Central Composite Design ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e pour l’étape d’optimisation de la production. Les variables mesurĂ©es sont la concentration des conidies par mL et le volume total rĂ©coltĂ© (mL). Les rĂ©sultats de l’analyse factorielle de Plackett-Burmen Ă  partir des deux isolats de B. bassiana ont permis d’identifier certains facteurs environnementaux tels que la tempĂ©rature et la lumiĂšre et des facteurs nutritifs tels que la peptone, la chitine et l’extrait de levure influençant la production des conidies. Les rĂ©sultats ont dĂ©montrĂ© que aussi dĂ©montrĂ© que chaque isolat avait des besoins spĂ©cifiques mĂȘme s’ils sont dans la mĂȘme espĂšce. L’analyse de la surface de rĂ©ponse, Central Composite Design, a fourni des indications sur les valeurs des facteurs sĂ©lectionnĂ©s permettant la production optimale de chacun des deux isolats. Les rĂ©sultats ont dĂ©montrĂ© que le volume optimal rĂ©coltĂ© et la concentration optimale des conidies dans un mL de chacun des deux isolats requiĂšrent diffĂ©remment des quantitĂ©s des substances nutritives et des niveaux des facteurs environnementaux

    Is Chytridiomycosis an Emerging Infectious Disease in Asia?

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    The disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has caused dramatic amphibian population declines and extinctions in Australia, Central and North America, and Europe. Bd is associated with >200 species extinctions of amphibians, but not all species that become infected are susceptible to the disease. Specifically, Bd has rapidly emerged in some areas of the world, such as in Australia, USA, and throughout Central and South America, causing population and species collapse. The mechanism behind the rapid global emergence of the disease is poorly understood, in part due to an incomplete picture of the global distribution of Bd. At present, there is a considerable amount of geographic bias in survey effort for Bd, with Asia being the most neglected continent. To date, Bd surveys have been published for few Asian countries, and infected amphibians have been reported only from Indonesia, South Korea, China and Japan. Thus far, there have been no substantiated reports of enigmatic or suspected disease-caused population declines of the kind that has been attributed to Bd in other areas. In order to gain a more detailed picture of the distribution of Bd in Asia, we undertook a widespread, opportunistic survey of over 3,000 amphibians for Bd throughout Asia and adjoining Papua New Guinea. Survey sites spanned 15 countries, approximately 36° latitude, 111° longitude, and over 2000 m in elevation. Bd prevalence was very low throughout our survey area (2.35% overall) and infected animals were not clumped as would be expected in epizootic events. This suggests that Bd is either newly emerging in Asia, endemic at low prevalence, or that some other ecological factor is preventing Bd from fully invading Asian amphibians. The current observed pattern in Asia differs from that in many other parts of the world
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