An Efficient Hybrid Approach to Solve Bi-objective Multi-area Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch Problem

© 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Single period economic dispatch cannot handle the intertemporal constraints in multi-period environment. To cope with this issue, the extension of economic dispatch over multiple time intervals (i.e., dynamic economic dispatch) has been introduced that considers the intertemporal constraints between different time intervals. Another issue is determining the most economical generation dispatch that could supply the area demand without violating the tie-line capacity, which cannot be solved by conventional economic dispatch problems. However, this study shows that the most economic schedule of power generation cannot satisfy echo-system expectation; therefore, making a compromise between fuel cost and environmental issues, a hot-button subject in industrialized nations, seems to be crucial. To reach the goals a bi-objective multi-area dynamic economic dispatch approach, which can handle intertemporal and multi-area constraints concurrently, is proposed to assist power system operators more and more. Finally, a hybrid algorithm, namely gray wolf optimizer-particle swarm optimization is introduced to solve the proposed problem and also a set of benchmark problems. By implementing the proposed approach on two small (10-unit, three areas) and large (40-unit, four areas) scale test systems, about 3.1% and 3.3% improvement in generation cost is obtained, respectively compare to the best reported results in the literature

A Zeta‐based switched‐capacitor DC‐DC converter topology

This article proposes a new Zeta-based switched-capacitor (SC) dc-dc converter, which has many advantages such as increased voltage gain, decreased duty-cycle, lower voltage stress on components such as its capacitors and input switch, and increased output power over traditional dc-dc converter structures. In traditional converters such as Zeta converter, there is only one coupling capacitor, which works as a medium for transferring the power between input and the output. However, in the proposed Zeta-based converter, there are multiple coupling capacitors, which are used based on dc-dc SC converter principles. By using these switched coupling capacitors, the mentioned advantages are obtained for the proposed structure, which in turn make this converter more applicable for industrial applications. The analysis has been validated by comprehensive and precise comparisons and experimental results.</p