Potential of native weed species as nutrient contributors of coconut garden in an Entisol

Potential of native weed species as nutrient contributors of coconut garden in an Entiso

RECURRENCE QUANTIFICATION ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM SIGNALS FOR DETECTING TOOL WEAR IN A LATHE

ABSTRACT The work investigates applicability of recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) in metal cutting with an objective to detect tool wear. The effectiveness of applying a system input signal; the drive motor current, in relation to a system output signal; the tool vibration, for the analysis is also explored. The work establishes conclusively that three of the RQA variables, percent determinism, percent recurrence and entropy are sensitive to tool wear

Prevalence, practice, and determinants of self-medication among the common public in a village of Northern Kerala, India

Background: Self-medication, managing health issues without professional guidance, poses significant risks to individuals and public health. Prevalence rates vary globally, often higher in low-income countries due to limited healthcare access. While self-medication offers cost-effective solutions for minor ailments, it may lead to misuse, adverse effects and financial burdens. Identifying factors driving self-medication is crucial for tailored interventions. This study aims to assess self-medication prevalence, practice, and influencing factors in a Kerala village. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study included 212 participants (≥18 years) selected via convenient sampling. A pre-tested questionnaire collected socio-demographic data, self-medication prevalence, and influencing factors. Self-medication was defined as OTC drug use without consulting a medical graduate. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26, with chi-square tests for bivariate analysis (p≤0.05). Results: Participants (mean age: 38.13±15.56) reported 53.8% self-medication. Acute illness individuals self-medicated more (80.7% purchased from independent pharmacies). Time constraints (24.5%) and expired prescriptions (42.1%) drove self-medication. Medication choice was influenced by cost (54.3%), brand reputation (21.1%), and both (24.6%), with pharmacist recommendations (36.0%) playing a role. Self-medication was common among ages 41-60 (64.3%) and those with lower education levels (77.8% primary, 70.5% middle). Acute illness individuals self-medicated more (66%) than chronic cases (34%). Conclusions: This rural Kerala study identifies a 53.8% self-medication rate, affected by age, education, and healthcare preferences. Targeted interventions are needed for ethical self-medication and improved healthcare practices

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Selectivities in the formation of pyridines and pyrimidines by ammonia-induced cyclocondensations of vinamidiniums

Arylvinamidines (2-, 3- or 4-aryl-4-(N,N-dimethyl)amino-1-azabuta-1,3-dienes), generated from 1,1,5,5-tetramethyl-2- or -3-phenyl-1,5-diazapentadienium salts, cyclocondense orientation-specifically under two regioselections forming 1-4' + 4-3' and 1-2' + 4-1' bonds on exposure to ammonia. The initial cyclates aromatise eliminatively to give mixtures of diarylpyridines and arylpyrimidines. The 2-arylvinamidines do not participate as 2-centre reactants and their 4-aryl isomers not as 4-centre reactants in the cyclocondensations which appear to be stepwise and not concerted. Reasons for the selective participation appear to be that the required eliminations from the initial cyclates are disfavoured in the first case and that a geometric factor prevents cyclate-formation in the second

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Not AvailableSilicon is considered as a beneficial element for crop nutrition especially for monocots. In order to study the effect of addition of different silica sources on the nutrient release pattern from an Entisol, a laboratory incubation study was conducted with three silica sources viz., sodium silicate, calcium silicate, and potassium silicate each @ 200 ppm and 400 ppm per kilo gram soil. The positive effect of addition of silicates was obvious on soil reaction, available Si, P, K, Ca, and Mg. Release of plant available silicon was the highest at 60th day after incubation (DAI) with potassium silicate @ 400 ppm per kg soil. Sodium silicate @ 200 ppm resulted in the highest exchangeable magnesium concentration at 45th DAI. The result of the study implies the positive influence of silicates on soil acidity as well as on enhancing the availability of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in an Entisol.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableSilicon is considered as a beneficial element for crop nutrition especially for monocots. In order to study the effect of addition of different silica sources on the nutrient release pattern from an Entisol, a laboratory incubation study was conducted with three silica sources viz., sodium silicate, calcium silicate, and potassium silicate each @ 200 ppm and 400 ppm per kilo gram soil. The positive effect of addition of silicates was obvious on soil reaction, available Si, P, K, Ca, and Mg. Release of plant available silicon was the highest at 60th day after incubation (DAI) with potassium silicate @ 400 ppm per kg soil. Sodium silicate @ 200 ppm resulted in the highest exchangeable magnesium concentration at 45th DAI. The result of the study implies the positive influence of silicates on soil acidity as well as on enhancing the availability of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in an Entisol.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableAn experiment was conducted to standardize the critical boron level in soil and leaf samples of coconut palms grown in a typical Entisol of the Onattukara region of Kerala, India. Graded levels of boron as borax were applied at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 g per palm per year in four split doses. The critical boron level in soil and leaves was standardized using the following methods: the Cate and Nelson graphical (CN) method, the Mistcherlich equation (ME), and the quadratic plateau response (QP) method. In the CN method, the critical level of boron in soil and leaves was 0.48 mg kg-1 and 11.5 mg kg-1, respectively. In the ME model, the critical boron level in soil and leaves was 0.46 mg kg-1 and 7.55 mg kg-1, respectively. In the QP response curve, the critical level of boron in soil was estimated to be 0.87 mg kg-1, and in the leaf, the critical level was found to be 13.27 mg kg-1. Because the level estimated via the graphical method and by the Mistcherlich equation is similar with regard to the soil boron, 0.48 mg kg-1 can be considered as the critical boron level in soil. Regarding the critical boron level in the leaf, values estimated via the CN method and the QP response curve are in proximity, and, hence, the critical boron level in leaf is 13.27 mg kg-1. These results suggest the application of 160 g of borax in four split doses when the levels of boron in soil and leaves fall below the estimated critical values for better use efficiencyNot Availabl