Performance of the LHC Final Prototype and First Pre-series Superconducting Dipole Magnets

Within the LHC cryo-dipole program, six full-scale superconducting prototypes of final design were built in collaboration between Industry and CERN, followed by launching the manufacture of pre-series magnets. Five prototypes and the first of the pre-series magnets were tested at CERN. This paper reviews the main features and the performance of the cryo-dipoles tested at 4.2 K and 1.8 K. The results of the quench training, conductor performance, magnet protection, sensitivity to ramp rate and field characteristics are presented and discussed in terms of the design parameters

Measuring systemic risk with a dynamic copula-based approach

This study examines the extent of systemic risk embedded in the credit and equity markets using a conditional value-at-risk (CoVaR) measure. We implement a copula-based CoVaR approach with different perspectives of a dependence structure based on a generalized autoregressive score model. In parallel, we select the credit default swap spread and stock price data of five companies in the financial sector ??? American Express, BBVA, Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, and Wells Fargo ??? from 2001 to 2013, and include data on the global financial crisis of 2007???2008. We then divide the data into three time periods: pre-crisis, during the crisis, and post-crisis. We conduct time-varying marginal modelling, and copula parameter estimation, and then compute CoVaR values with the best-fit copula model. Comparative empirical tests provide financial implications for systemic risk management