Hydrogen Storage Material Composed of Polyacetylene and LiH and Investigation of Its Mechanisms

The hydrogen storage/release phenomena on a lithium hydride-polyacetylene composite (LiH-PA) are reported. LiH-PA reversibly releases 2.7 wt % hydrogen. Isotopic experiment and Raman spectroscopy reveal that hydrogen release/storage reaction proceeds via electron transfer between H^– and polyacetylene. This is the first report that employs electron transfer in conjugated macromolecules for hydrogen storage

Stereoselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Renieramycin T

A stereoselective total synthesis of (−)-Renieramycin T (<b>1t</b>) from a key tetrahydroisoquinoline intermediate previously utilized in our formal total synthesis of Ecteinascidin 743 is described. The synthesis features a concise approach for construction of the pentacyclic framework using a Pictet–Spengler cyclization of bromo-substituted carbinolamine <b>17</b>, which obviates the regioselectivity problem of the Pictet–Spengler cyclization. The results of cytotoxicity studies are also presented

Validation runs for manufacturing TCR-modified human T cells.

<p>(A) Schematic diagram of the experiment. Primary human PBMCs were stimulated, transduced with MS-MA24-siTCR vector using the RBV-LTS method, and further expanded. (B) Growth curve of three validation runs of healthy donors' PBMCs. EXP. 1 and 2 are the results from Donor TC2900 and EXP 3 is from Donor TC1900. Arrows indicate the time of the transduction. (C) Retroviral gene transfer efficiencies into PBMCs under the large-scale RBV-LTS condition. Gene transfer efficiency was determined based on the percentages of tetramer-positive cells among the CD8⁺ cells. (D) The percentage of CD3 positive cells among the expanded cells was measured by gating the live cells based on the FSC/SSC parameters during the flow cytometry analysis (upper left panel). After gating for CD3, cells were analyzed for CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ expression (upper right panel). CD3⁺ cells were also analyzed for CD45RA and CCR7 expression using flow cytometry (bottom panel). (E) Antigen specific IL-2 and IFNγ production achieved by stimulating the gene-modified cells with MAGE-A4 peptide-pulsed T2A24 cells. IL-2, interleukin-2; IFNγ, interferon-gamma; Approx., approximately; EXP., Experiment.</p

Optimal amount of time for preloading using a scaled-up transduction procedure with the RBV-LTS method.

<p>(A) Outline of the experiment. MT-MFR3 vector was preloaded into an RN-coated PL325 bag. 180 ml of MT-MFR3 vector was preloaded into the bag, which was then incubated at 4°C on a reciprocating shaker at 50 rpm. The optimal preloading period in the PL325 bag was examined at the time intervals of 8 to 48 h. For comparison, transduction into SUP-T1 cells in RN-coated 24-well plates under RBV-Static and RBV-Spin conditions was also performed in parallel. (B) Retroviral gene transfer efficiencies into SUP-T1 cells under the large-scale RBV-LTS condition. After the transduction, SUP-T1 cells were collected, genomic DNA was extracted, and gene transfer efficiency was determined using the qPCR method. All data represent mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed by Student <i>t</i>-test (^***<i>p</i><0.001). N/A, not applicable.</p

Validation runs for manufacturing endoribonuclease MazF-modified human CD4⁺ T cells.

<p>(A) Schematic diagram of the experiment. Primary human CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated, transduced with MT-MFR3 vector using the RBV-LTS method, and further expanded. (B) Growth curve of two validation runs of healthy donors' CD4⁺ T cells. Arrows indicate the time of the transduction. (C) Retroviral gene transfer efficiencies into CD4⁺ T cells under the large-scale RBV-LTS condition. Gene transfer efficiency was determined using the qPCR method to determine the proviral copy numbers (D) The percentage of CD3 positive cells among the expanded cells was measured by gating the live cells based on the FSC/SSC parameters during the flow cytometry analysis (left panel). After gating for CD3, cells were analyzed for CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ expression (middle panel). CD3⁺ CD4⁺ cells were also analyzed for CD45RA and CCR7 expression using flow cytometry (right panel). CM, central memory; EM, effector memory; TDEM, terminally differentiated effector memory.</p

Chemistry of Renieramycins. 15. Synthesis of 22‑<i>O</i>‑Ester Derivatives of Jorunnamycin A and Their Cytotoxicity against Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells

Eighteen 22-<i>O</i>-ester derivatives of jorunnamycin A (<b>2</b>) were prepared via <b>2</b>, and their cytotoxicity against human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells was evaluated. Preliminary study of the structure–cytotoxicity relationship revealed that the ester part containing a nitrogen-heterocyclic ring elevated the cytotoxicity of the 22-<i>O</i>-ester derivatives. Among them, 22-<i>O</i>-(4-pyridinecarbonyl) ester <b>6a</b> is the most potent compound (IC₅₀ 1.1 and 1.6 nM), exhibiting 21-fold and 5-fold increases in cytotoxicity against the H292 and H460 NSCLC cell lines, respectively, relative to renieramycin M (<b>1</b>), the major cytotoxic bistetrahydro­isoquinolinequinone alkaloid of the Thai blue sponge <i>Xestospongia</i> sp

Comparison of preloading methods for retroviral gene transfer assisted by RN.

<p>(A) Outline of the experiment. MT-MFR3 vector was preloaded into each well of an RN-coated 24-well plate. The plates were incubated at 4°C on a reciprocating shaker at 100 rpm for (1) 16 to 48 h, (2) 12 to 24 h, (3) 12 to 72 h, and (4) 8 to 20 h (RBV-LTS). For comparison, the plate was incubated at 25°C for 3 h (RBV-Static) (4). After the preloading, SUP-T1 cells were transduced via each method. (B) Retroviral gene transfer efficiencies into SUP-T1 cells under RBV-LTS and RBV-Static conditions. After the transduction, SUP-T1 cells were collected, genomic DNA was extracted, and gene transfer efficiency was determined using the qPCR method by measuring the proviral copy number of the transduced cells. All data represent mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed by Student <i>t</i>-test (^**<i>p</i><0.01, ^***<i>p</i><0.001). RN, RetroNectin; RBV, RN-bound virus; LTS, low-temperature shaking; IFU, infection-forming units.</p

Table_1_Interaction between seawater carbon dioxide dynamics and stratification in shallow coastal waters: A preliminary study based on a weekly validated three-dimensional ecological model.xlsx

Shallow coastal waters (SCWs) have attracted wide attention in recent years due to their strong carbon sequestration capacity. However, the complex carbon dioxide (CO2) dynamics in the water column makes it difficult to estimate the air–water CO2 fluxes (FCO2) accurately. We developed a numerical model of CO2 dynamics in water based on field measurements for a typical stratified semi-enclosed shallow bay: the Yatsushiro Sea, Japan. The developed model showed an excellent ability to reproduce the stratification and CO2 dynamics of the Yatsushiro Sea. Through numerical model simulations, we analyzed the annual CO2 dynamics in the Yatsushiro Sea in 2018. The results show that the effect of stratification on the CO2 dynamics in seawater varies greatly depending on the distance from the estuary and the period. In the estuarine region, stratification manifests itself throughout the year by promoting the maintenance of a high partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in surface waters, resulting in surface pCO2 being higher than atmospheric pCO2 for up to 40 days during the flood period (average surface pCO2 of 539.94 µatm). In contrast, in areas farther from the estuary, stratification mainly acts to promote the maintenance of high pCO2 in surface waters during periods of high freshwater influence. Then changes to a lower surface pCO2 before the freshwater influence leads towards complete dissipation. Finally, we estimated the FCO2 of the Yatsushiro Sea in 2018, and the results showed that the Yatsushiro Sea was a sink area for atmospheric CO2 in 2018 (−1.70 mmol/m2/day).</p

The optimal time for flipping over the bag in a scaled-up transduction procedure using the RBV-LTS method.

<p>(A) Outline of the experiment. MT-MFR3 vector was preloaded into an RN-coated PL325 bag. The bag was incubated at 4°C on a reciprocating shaker at 50 rpm for 16 h. After preloading, the bag was rinsed once, SUP-T1 cells were added to the bag, and the optimal time to flip the bag over was examined at time intervals of 1 to 8 h. For comparison, transduction into SUP-T1 cells in an RN-coated 24-well plate under RBV-LTS was also performed in parallel. (B) Retroviral gene transfer efficiencies into SUP-T1 cells under the large-scale RBV-LTS condition. After transduction, SUP-T1 cells were collected, genomic DNA was extracted, and gene transfer efficiency was determined using the qPCR method. All data represent mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed by Student <i>t</i>-test (^**<i>p</i><0.01, ^***<i>p</i><0.001). w/o, without.</p