ANTI-OXIDANT AND ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SYNTHETIC 3-FORMYL, 7-FLAVONOL INTERMEDIATES OBTAINED BY MICROWAVE ASSISTED TECHNIQUE

Objective: The synthesized compounds of 3-formyl, 7-flavonols*, after characterization, aimed to be tested for their anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities.Methods: i) anti-oxidant activities by hydrogen peroxide-nitric oxide-and by alkaline DMSO-methods and ii) anti-microbial activities against various gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens and against candida albicans by disc diffusion method.Results: Findings were found to be dose dependent and IC50 value was 30-60 µg/ml and the results revealed that the dinitro-, trinitro-and acetyl, dinitro derivatives showed better and/or equipotent activity to that of the standard, ascorbic acid. The synthesized compounds at a concentration of (1 μg/10 μl/disc) showed variable inhibitory activities against all bacteria with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 7-26 mm and a good antifungal activity against Candida albicans at the concentration of (1 μg/10 μl/disc) with inhibition of 10-24 mm. Klebsiella tribatta are more susceptible to the action of the formylated samples, giving high inhibition values comparing to the other organisms. Compounds Ie and Ih resulted to a higher activity index (AI>1); compounds Id, Ig and Ii showed an equal value (AI=1); whereas, Ia, Ib, Ic and If showed only a moderate activity (AI<1) compared to the standard, Amikacin.Conclusion: The findings confirmed that the synthetic compounds of 3-formyl, 7-flavonol derives have significant anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities.*Synthesis and characterization work of 3-formyl, 7-flavonols has already been accepted for publication by the journal Elseveir, Procedio Chemistry and is in process.Â

Toxicological studies of Caesalpinia sappan wood derived dye in Wister albino rats

Natural dyes taken from the barks of the tree Caesalpinia sappan has been used in many consumer products. Hence it is imperative to test the toxicity of this dye. In the present study an investigation was conducted to find out the toxic effect of aqueous extract of the dye C. sappan in test animal Wister albino rats. Acute oral toxicity showed no clinical signs of toxicity and no mortality even at a dose level of 100–2000 mg/kg in 14 days observation period. When a dose level above 2500 mg/kg was given for 28 days, no death was noticed up to the dose level 5000 mg/kg body weight. The weight of the tested rats was not significantly reduced, when compared with the control group. The organ-body weight ratio of kidney, liver and abdomen did not change when compared to the control group in the observation period. The less toxicity of the dyes of C. sappan

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the extract of the inflorescence of Cocos nucifera (Family: Arecaceae) for enhanced antibacterial activity

Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant source has been given much importance. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the ethyl acetate and methanol (EA: M 40:60) extracts of the inflorescence of the tree Cocous nucifera. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscope, FTIR and TEM analysis. The particle size of the synthesized AgNPs was 22 nm as confirmed by TEM. The qualitative assessment of reducing potential of the extracts of inflorescence indicated the presence of reducing agents. Synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against human bacterial pathogens viz., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella paratyphi

Extraction of natural dyes from Curcuma longa, Trigonella foenum graecum and Nerium oleander, plants and their application in antimicrobial fabric

The present study has been focused on the extraction of natural dyes from Curcuma longa, Trigonella foenum graecum and Nerium oleander and investigation of their phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics. Dyes were prepared using aqueous, acidic, alcoholic and alkaline extraction techniques. UV spectral studies of the dyes showed a variation in absorption maxima and their color varied with respect to the pH and the solvent used during extraction. The dyes prepared from turmeric using aqueous extraction technique and from fenugreek using alkaline extraction showed good antibacterial activity. The aqueous and alcoholic extraction of Nerium oleander was able to inhibit the growth of many fungal strains including Tricoderma spp., Tricophyton rubrum, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium spp. etc. The antimicrobial property of the dyes was used in developing antimicrobial fabric