Clustering Network Vertices in Sparse Contextual Multilayer Networks

We consider the problem of learning the latent community structure in a Multi-Layer Contextual Block Model introduced by Ma and Nandy (2021), where the average degree for each of the observed networks is of constant order and establish a sharp detection threshold for the community structure, above which detection is possible asymptotically, while below the threshold no procedure can perform better than random guessing. We further establish that the detection threshold coincides with the threshold for weak recovery of the common community structure using multiple correlated networks and co-variate matrices. Finally, we provide a quasi-polynomial time algorithm to estimate the latent communities in the recovery regime. Our results improve upon the results of Ma and Nandy (2021), which considered the diverging degree regime and recovers the results of Lu and Sen (2020) in the special case of a single network structure

A Cadaveric Study of Occurrence of Extralaryngeal Branches of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve with Reference to its Importance in Thyroid Surgery

Introduction Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy (RLNP) is the most common complication of thyroid surgery. Patients complain of hoarseness of voice and sometimes variable amount of respiratory distress due to palsy of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), extra laryngeal branches of which are often ligated along with Inferior Thyroid Artery (ITA) during thyroidectomy. So prevalence and variable pattern of extra laryngeal nerve branches (ELNB) of RLN should be known to the thyroid surgeon to avoid post operative complications. Materials and Methods   Dissection was carried on the neck of properly embalmed 25 adult cadavers including both sexes in the dissection hall to study extra laryngeal nerve branches (ELNB) of 50 RLN specimens. Results Out of 50 RLN, 13 nerves (26%) have ELNBs. Only in 4 cadavers (16%) they are bilateral. In 9 cases RLN branches were surrounding either single trunk of ITA or branches of the artery. In rest of the 4 cases ELNBs were passing entirely either in front or behind the ITA Conclusion The gold standard for preservation of the RLN during thyroid surgery is still visual anatomical identification. Proper dissection and anatomical identification of the RLN and all its branches is very important prior to the clamping of the ITA and all its branches

A Cadaveric Study of Occurrence of Extralaryngeal Branches of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve with Reference to its Importance in Thyroid Surgery

Introduction Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy (RLNP) is the most common complication of thyroid surgery. Patients complain of hoarseness of voice and sometimes variable amount of respiratory distress due to palsy of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), extra laryngeal branches of which are often ligated along with Inferior Thyroid Artery (ITA) during thyroidectomy. So prevalence and variable pattern of extra laryngeal nerve branches (ELNB) of RLN should be known to the thyroid surgeon to avoid post operative complications. Materials and Methods   Dissection was carried on the neck of properly embalmed 25 adult cadavers including both sexes in the dissection hall to study extra laryngeal nerve branches (ELNB) of 50 RLN specimens. Results Out of 50 RLN, 13 nerves (26%) have ELNBs. Only in 4 cadavers (16%) they are bilateral. In 9 cases RLN branches were surrounding either single trunk of ITA or branches of the artery. In rest of the 4 cases ELNBs were passing entirely either in front or behind the ITA Conclusion The gold standard for preservation of the RLN during thyroid surgery is still visual anatomical identification. Proper dissection and anatomical identification of the RLN and all its branches is very important prior to the clamping of the ITA and all its branches