PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR TEMPEL BERWARNA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR OPERASI HITUNG BILANGAN BULAT

Abstrak: Penelitian ini berawal dari observasi yang dilakukan peneliti terhadap pembelajaran matematika kelas IV di SDN Jeruk II Surabaya. Peneliti menemukan permasalahan,sebagian siswa masih belum bisa menyelesaikan soal operasi penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bulat. Peran guru kurang optimal dalam mencapai terciptanya pembelajaran yang efektif. Guru tidak menyertakan media pembelajaran sebagai alat bantu dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran kepada siswa. Guru cenderung fokus dengan penerapan metode ceramah sehingga tidak terjadi interaksi timbal balik antara guru dan siswa. Sehingga hasil belajar siswa pada materi operasi hitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bulat masih rendah. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka diperlukan solusi untuk mengatasinya. Solusi yang sesuai dengan permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran, dalam hal ini media gambar tempel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas guru, siswa, serta hasil belajar siswa dengan penerapan media gambar tempel berwarna. Pembelajaran matematika adalah pembelajaran yang berhubungan dengan ide, proses, dan penalaran yang bertujuan untuk membantu manusia dalam memahami dan menguasai permasalahan sosial, ekonomi, dan alam. Media pembelajaran adalah alat bantu guru dalam menyampaikan pesan/informasi/materi kepada peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi dan tes. Aktivitas guru mengalami peningkatan selama dua siklus, pada siklus 1 yaitu 70% dan pada siklus II meningkat 95%. Aktivitas siswa mengalami peningkatan, pada siklus I yaitu 70% dan pada siklus II meningkat 95%. Hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan, pada siklus I yaitu 65% dan pada siklus II meningkat 90%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media gambar tempel berwarna dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika materi operasi penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bulat siswa kelas IV SDN Jeruk II Surabaya. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran matematika, media gambar tempel berwarna,  bilangan  bulat,  hasil belajar siswa Abstract: This study begin form observation that done by researcher to math learning of fourth grade student of SDN Jeruk II Surabaya. Researcher find some problem, there is much of student still can’n finishing task of  integer arithmetic. Teacher role also less optimal in creating effective learning. Teacher have not enclosing learning media as a guiding tool in conveying learning material to student. Teacher tends to focused with the implementation of lecture method so there is no feed interaction between teacher and the student. That causeing study result of student on integer arithmetic operation is low. Based on those problem, it need solution to solve it. Solution that proper with those problems is the utilization of learning media, in this case is the colourful picture media. The purphose of this study is to describe teacher activity, student activity, and student study result with applying colourful picture media. Math learning is learning that related with idea, process and logical reasoning that aimed to help human in understanding and mastering social economy, and nature problem. Learning media is teacher aid tool in conveying material/information/ message to student during learning process. This study use descriptive quantitative method. Data collection in this study using observation technique and test. Teacher activity experience improvement during two cycle, on first cycle is 70% and on second cycle increase to 95%. Student activity experience improvement during two cycle, on first cycle is 70% and on second cycle increase to 95%. student study result experience improvement during two cycle, on first cycle is 65% and on second cycle increase to 90%. It can conclude that applying colourful picture media can increase student study result on tnteger arithmetic operation on fourth grade student at SDN Jeruk II Surabaya. Keywords: math learning, colourful picture media, numbered head together, integar arithmetic operation, student stud

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Saksi Instrumenter Dalam Akta Notaris Yang Aktanya Menjadi Objek Perkara Pidana Di Pengadilan

An instrument witness has to give his testimony correctly according to what he has witnessed during the reading of a deed in the court's proceedings about the true legal act in the deed, the presence of litigants, and their identity. The research used judicial normative method with legal statute approach. The result of the research showed that the presence of a witness is the principal prerequisite to make the deed authentic. A witness' position is very important in a notarial affair, and he gets protection in giving his testimony about a deed with legal problem. Law No. 31/2014 on the amendment of Law No. 13/2006 on Protection for Witness and Victim gives legal protection for witness during his testimony in the proceedings

On some generalized ageing orderings

Some partial orderings which compare probability distributions with the expo- nential distribution, are found to be very useful to understand the phenomenon of ageing. Here, we introduce some new generalized partial orderings which de- scribe the same kind of characterization of some generalized ageing classes. We give some equivalent conditions for each of the orderings. Inter-relations among the generalized orderings have also been discussed

A Novel Multi-Path Anonymous Randomized Key Distribution Scheme for Geo Distributed Networks

A major concern in distributed networks is the ability to provide acceptable levels of security. This is achieved by using encryption and authentication mechanisms that depend on encryption keys. However, given the ever-expanding nature of the network, it is difficult to keep setting up authorities that can aid the key-exchange process. This paper presents a novel solution to the challenge of exchanging keys of a large, distributed network without the need to set up additional authorities. The key-exchange scheme presented takes advantage of features such as packet anonymity, random selection and a multi-path approach for the exchange process. The paper also discusses the effectiveness of the proposed scheme against various threat scenarios

Secure-GLOR: An adaptive secure routing protocol for dynamic wireless mesh networks

© 2017 IEEE. With the dawn of a new era, digital security has become one of the most essential part of any network. Be it a physical network, virtual network or social network, the demand for secure data transmission is ever increasing. Wireless mesh networks also stand the same test of security as the legacy networks. This paper presents a secure version of the Geo-Location Oriented Routing (GLOR) protocol for wireless mesh networks, incorporating a multilevel security framework. It implements authentication using the new features of the network model and enables encryption throughout the network to provide high levels of security

A Novel Hybrid Authentication Model for Geo Location Oriented Routing in Dynamic Wireless Mesh Networks

Authentication is an essential part of any network and plays a pivotal role in ensuring the security of a network by preventing unauthorised devices/users access to the network. As dynamic wireless mesh networks are evolving and being accepted in various fields, there is a strong need to improve the security of the network. It’s features like self-organizing and self-healing make it great but get undermined when rigid authentication schemes are used. We propose a hybrid authentication scheme for such dynamic mesh networks under three specified scenarios; full authentication, quick authentication and new node authentication. The proposed schemes are applied on our previous works on dynamic mesh routing protocol, Geo location Oriented Routing Protocol (GLOR Simulation results show our proposed scheme is efficient in terms of resource utilization as well as defending against security threats

Fitting a spatial-temporal rainfall model using Approximate Bayesian Computation

We fit a stochastic spatial-temporal model to high-resolution rainfall radar data for a single rainfall event. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) is used to fit a model of Cox, Isham and Northrop, previously fitted using the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). We then show that ABC readily adapts to more general, and thus more realistic, variants of the model. The Simulated Method of Moments (SMM) is used to initialise the ABC fit