Real-time, label-free, intraoperative visualization of peripheral nerves and microvasculatures using multimodal optical imaging techniques

Accurate, real-time identification and display of critical anatomic structures, such as the nerve and vasculature structures, are critical for reducing complications and improving surgical outcomes. Human vision is frequently limited in clearly distinguishing and contrasting these structures. We present a novel imaging system, which enables noninvasive visualization of critical anatomic structures during surgical dissection. Peripheral nerves are visualized by a snapshot polarimetry that calculates the anisotropic optical properties. Vascular structures, both venous and arterial, are identified and monitored in real-time using a near-infrared laser-speckle-contrast imaging. We evaluate the system by performing in vivo animal studies with qualitative comparison by contrast-agent-aided fluorescence imaging

New model for surface fracture induced by dynamical stress

We introduce a model where an isotropic, dynamically-imposed stress induces fracture in a thin film. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study how the integrated fragment distribution function depends on the rate of change and magnitude of the imposed stress, as well as on temperature. A mean-field argument shows that the system becomes unstable for a critical value of the stress. We find a striking invariance of the distribution of fragments for fixed ratio of temperature and rate of change of the stress; the interval over which this invariance holds is determined by the force fluctuations at the critical value of the stress.Comment: Revtex, 4 pages, 4 figures available upon reques

Pathogenesis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis

The severity of renal involvement is the major factor determining the long-term outcome of children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) nephritis (HSPN). Approximately 40% children with HSP develop nephritis, usually within 4 to 6 weeks after the initial onset of the typical purpuric rashes. Although the pathogenetic mechanisms are still not fully delineated, several studies suggest that galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) is recognized by anti-glycan antibodies, leading to the formation of the circulating immune complexes and their mesangial deposition that induce renal injury in HSPN

General acts passed by the General Court of Massachusetts

Imprint varies.Vols. for 1915-19 published in 2 v.: General acts; Special acts.Vols. for some years issued in parts.Separate vols. issued for extra session, 1916, and for extra session, 1933.Vol. 12 (May 1831-Mar. 1833) in Jan. session, 1833; Jan. 1834-Apr. 1836 in vol. for extra session 1835/Jan. session 1836; May 1824-Mar. 1828; June 1828-June 1831, Jan. 1832-Apr. 1834, Jan. 1835-Apr. 1838, each bound with corresponding vol.Resolves issued separately, 1780-1838