270 research outputs found
Film Vibration Induced by Electric Field in Freely Suspended Films of Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals
Stability of relativistic tidal response against small potential modification
The tidal response of compact objects in an inspiraling binary system is
measured by a set of tidal Love and dissipation numbers imprinted in the
gravitational waveforms. While a four-dimensional black hole in vacuum within
General Relativity has vanishing Love numbers, a black hole in alternative
theories of gravity can acquire non-vanishing Love numbers. The dissipation
numbers may quantify Planckian corrections at the horizon scale. These
properties will allow a test of classical theories of gravity in the
strong-field regime with gravitational-wave observation. Since black holes are
not in the exact vacuum environment in astrophysical situations, the following
question arises: can the environment affect the tidal response? In this paper,
we investigate the stability of the tidal response of a Schwarzschild black
hole for frequency-dependent tidal-field perturbations against a small
modification of the background. Our analysis relies on the scattering theory,
which overcomes difficulties in defining the relativistic tidal Love numbers.
The tidal Love and dissipation numbers can be extracted from the phase shift of
sufficiently low-frequency scattering waves. We show that the tidal Love
numbers are sensitive to the property of the modification. Therefore, we need
careful consideration of the environment around the black hole in assessing the
deviation of the underlying theory of gravity from General Relativity with the
Love numbers. The modification has less impact on the dissipation numbers,
indicating that quantifying the existence of the event horizon with them is not
spoiled. We also demonstrate that in a composite system, i.e., a compact object
with environmental effects, the Love and dissipation numbers are approximately
determined by the sum of the numbers of each component.Comment: 45 pages, 23 figure
Electro-optical response of reflected light from freely suspended smectic liquid-crystal films
This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Kazuyuki Nakano, Masanori Ozaki, and Katsumi Yoshino, Journal of Applied Physics 92, 6384 (2002) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1518761
A new technique for direct evaluation of the influence of boundary condition on molecular alignment and dynamics using a transferred ferroelectric liquid crystal film
Vanishing Love of Black Holes in General Relativity: From Spacetime Conformal Symmetry of a Two-dimensional Reduced Geometry
We study the underlying structure of the vanishing of the Love numbers of
both Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes in terms of spacetime conformal
symmetry in a unified manner for the static spin- fields. The perturbations
can be reduced with the harmonic decomposition to a set of infinite static
scalar fields in a two-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime~. In
the reduced system, each scalar field is paired with another, implying that all
multipole modes of the perturbation can be regarded as symmetric partners,
which can be understood from the property of the supersymmetry algebra. The
generator of the supersymmetric structure is constructed from a closed
conformal Killing vector field of . The associated conserved
quantity allows one to show no static response, i.e., vanishing of the Love and
dissipation numbers. We also discuss the vanishing Love numbers of the Kerr
black hole with the nonzero dissipation numbers for the non-axisymmetric
perturbations in terms of a radial constant found in a parallel manner as the
axisymmetric field case even though the interpretation for the structure is
controversial. The symmetric structure corresponds to the ``ladder'' symmetry
in Hui et al. [JCAP 01, no.01, 032 (2022)] although the geometrical origin is
different. Our ladder operator includes the generators of hidden symmetries in
previous works.Comment: 41 pages, v2: added discussion on the result of the Kerr black hole
in terms of the Teukolsky equation, v3: minor corrections, accepted for
publication in PR
Influence of vapors of volatile organic compounds on spectral shift of bending vibrations of freely suspended ferroelectric liquid-crystal films
This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Serguei V. Yablonskii, Kazuyuki Nakano, Masanori Ozaki, and Katsumi Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 3723 (2004) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1697630
Optomechanical effect in ferroelectric liquid crystal freely suspended films
This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Serguei V. Yablonskii, Kazuyuki Nakano, Masanori Ozaki, Mikhail V. Kozlovsky, and Katsumi Yoshino, Journal of Applied Physics 94, 5206 (2003) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1611637
Destruxin E Decreases Beta-Amyloid Generation by Reducing Colocalization of Beta-Amyloid-Cleaving Enzyme 1 and Beta-Amyloid Protein Precursor
Alzheimer-disease-associated beta-amyloid (A beta) is produced by sequential endoproteolysis of beta-amyloid protein precursor (beta APP): the extracellular portion is shed by cleavage in the juxtamembrane region by beta-amyloid-cleaving enzyme (BACE)/beta-secretase, after which it is cleaved by presenilin (PS)/gamma-secretase near the middle of the transmembrane domain. Thus, inhibition of either of the secretases reduces A beta generation and is a fundamental strategy for the development of drugs to prevent Alzheimer disease. However, it is not clear how small compounds reduce A beta production without inhibition of the secretases. Such compounds are expected to avoid some of the side effects of secretase inhibitors. Here, we report that destruxin E (Dx-E), a natural cyclic hexadepsipeptide, reduces A beta generation without affecting BACE or PS/gamma-secretase activity. In agreement with this, Dx-E did not inhibit Notch signaling. We found that Dx-E decreases colocalization of BACE1 and beta APP, which reduces beta-cleavage of beta APP. Therefore, the data demonstrate that Dx-E represents a novel A beta-reducing process which could have fewer side effects than secretase inhibitors. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base
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