カンコク ニオケル シュウガク マエ ノ コドモ ヲ モツ チチオヤ ノ カジ サンカ ト QOL ノ カンレン セイ

本研究は、就学前の子どもの父親の家事参加と本人のQOL(Quality of Life)の関連性を明らかにすることであった。調査対象は韓国S市、C市、Y市内の保育所15箇所を利用している1,250世帯とした。調査項目は父親の年齢、月収入、就業形態、家事参加、家族・家庭に対する貢献感の認知、夫婦関係満足感、精神的健康、健康関連QOL、母親の年齢、子どもの数、末子の年齢、就業形態で構成した。本研究では、父親の家事参加は自身の家族・家庭への貢献感の認知を通して夫婦関係満足感と精神的健康に影響を与え、また夫婦関係満足感は直接的または精神的健康を通して間接的に健康関連QOLに影響するといった因果関係モデルを構築した。前記因果関係モデルのデータへの適合性と変数間の関連性は、回収された739世帯のうち、524世帯のデータを用いて、構造方程式モデリングで解析した。その結果、父親の家事参加は、1)家族・家庭への貢献感を通して健康関連QOLに直接的に影響すること、また2)夫婦関係満足感ならびに精神的健康を通して健康関連QOLに間接的に影響することを明らかにした。以上の結果は、父親の家事参加の促進を企図した政策展開の必要性を示唆している。The purpose of the study was to clarify the relationship between housework participation and the psychological well-being of fathers with preschool children in Korea. In this study, 1,250 households using 15 nursery centers in S city, C city, and Y city were surveyed. The questionnaire consisted of fathers\u27 ages, income, work conditions, housework participation, recognition of sense of usefulness to family, marital satisfaction, mental health, health-related quality of life (QOL), mothers\u27 ages, number of children, age of youngest child, and work conditions. We designed a casual model to examine the relationship between fathers housework participation and health-related QOL, specifically, housework participation\u27s impact on marital satisfaction and mental health through the recognition of a sense of usefulness to family, as well as its impact on marital satisfaction via a direct effect, or indirectly, through mental health, on health-related QOL. The above model was examined using structural equation modeling and the data from 524 household with no missing values or variables. The results were as follows: 1) Fathers\u27 participation in housework contributed to helth-related QOL through the recognition of feeling of usefulness to their families. 2) Fathers\u27 participation in house work contributed to marital satisfaction, directly and indirectly through health-related QOL and inproved mental health. These results suggest that the need for policy development was intended to promote the housework participation of fathers

Study of Efimov physics in two nuclear-spin sublevels of 7Li

Efimov physics in two nuclear-spin sublevels of bosonic lithium is studied and it is shown that the positions and widths of recombination minima and Efimov resonances are identical for both states within the experimental errors which indicates that the short-range physics is nuclear-spin independent. We also find that the Efimov features are universally related across Feshbach resonances. These results crucially depend on careful mapping between the scattering length and the applied magnetic field which we achieve by characterization of the two broad Feshbach resonances in the different states by means of rf-spectroscopy of weakly bound molecules. By fitting the binding energies numerically with a coupled channels calculation we precisely determine the absolute positions of the Feshbach resonances and the values of the singlet and triplet scattering lengths.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figure

Eruptions of Magnetic Ropes in Two Homologous Solar Events on 2002 June 1 and 2: a Key to Understanding of an Enigmatic Flare

The goal of this paper is to understand the drivers, configurations, and scenarios of two similar eruptive events, which occurred in the same solar active region 9973 on 2002 June 1 and 2. The June 2 event was previously studied by Sui, Holman, and Dennis (2006, 2008), who concluded that it was challenging for popular flare models. Using multi-spectral data, we analyze a combination of the two events. Each of the events exhibited an evolving cusp-like feature. We have revealed that these apparent ``cusps'' were most likely mimicked by twisted magnetic flux ropes, but unlikely to be related to the inverted Y-like magnetic configuration in the standard flare model. The ropes originated inside a funnel-like magnetic domain whose base was bounded by an EUV ring structure, and the top was associated with a coronal null point. The ropes appear to be the major drivers for the events, but their rise was not triggered by reconnection in the coronal null point. We propose a scenario and a three-dimensional scheme for these events in which the filament eruptions and flares were caused by interaction of the ropes.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figure

Study of flare energy release using events with numerous type III-like bursts in microwaves

The analysis of narrowband drifting of type III-like structures in radio bursts dynamic spectra allows to obtain unique information about primary energy release mechanisms in solar flares. The SSRT spatially resolved images and a high spectral and temporal resolution allow direct determination not only the positions of its sources but also the exciter velocities along the flare loop. Practically, such measurements are possible during some special time intervals when the SSRT (about 5.7 GHz) is observing the flare region in two high-order fringes; thus, two 1D scans are recorded simultaneously at two frequency bands. The analysis of type III-like bursts recorded during the flare 14 Apr 2002 is presented. Using-muliwavelength radio observations recorded by SSRT, SBRS, NoRP, RSTN we study an event with series of several tens of drifting microwave pulses with drift rates in the range from -7 to 13 GHz/s. The sources of the fast-drifting bursts were located near the top of the flare loop in a volume of a few Mm in size. The slow drift of the exciters along the flare loop suggests a high pitch-anisotropy of the emitting electrons.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, Solar Physics, in press, 201

EMPRESS. VI. Outflows Investigated in Low-Mass Galaxies with M∗=104−107 M⊙M_*=10^4-10^7~M_\odot: Weak Feedback in Low-Mass Galaxies?

We study emission line profiles of 21 nearby low-mass ($M_*=10^4-10^7~M_\odot$) galaxies in deep medium-high resolution spectra taken with Magellan/MagE. These low-mass galaxies are actively star-forming systems with high specific star-formation rates of $\mathrm{sSFR}\sim100-1000~\mathrm{Gyr}^{-1}$ that are well above the star-formation main sequence and its extrapolation. We identify broad-line components of H$\alpha$ and [OIII]$\lambda 5007$ emission in 14 out of the 21 galaxies that cannot be explained by the MagE instrumental profile or the natural broadening of line emission. We conduct double Gaussian profile fitting to the emission of the 14 galaxies, and find that the broad-line components have line widths significantly larger than those of the narrow-line components, indicative of galactic outflows. The board-line components have moderately large line widths of $\sim 100$ km s$^{-1}$. We estimate the maximum outflow velocities $v_\mathrm{max}$ and obtain values of $\simeq 60-200$ km s$^{-1}$, which are found to be comparable to or slightly larger than the escape velocities. Positive correlations of $v_\mathrm{max}$ with star-formation rates, stellar masses, and circular velocities, extend down into this low-mass regime. Broad- to narrow-line flux ratios BNRs are generally found to be smaller than those of massive galaxies. The small $v_\mathrm{max}$ and BNRs suggest that the mass loading factors $\eta$ can be as small as 0.1 - 1 or below, in contrast to the large $\eta$ of energy-driven outflows predicted by numerical simulations.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication by Ap

カンゴショクシャ ノ ショクギョウ キャリア セイジュク ソクテイ シャクド ニ カンスル コウセイ ガイネン ダトウセイ ノ ケントウ

キャリア成熟は、Super,D.E.(1957)が提唱している職業的発達 vocational development の概念を発展的に継承したものであり、「発達課題に取り組もうとする個人の態度的、認知的レディネス」(Crites、1978)と定義されている。本研究においては、坂柳(1990)が開発した「成人キャリア成熟尺度(Adult Career Maturity Scales : ACMS)」を基礎に、看護師508名のデータを用いて項目反応理論による項目選定と構造方程式モデリングによる確証的因子分析を行い、看護師用の職業キャリア成熟の測定に寄与する適切な項目配置を検討した。その結果、あらかじめ仮定した3因子斜交モデルのデータへの適合性は、CFIが0.921、RMSEAが0.081であり、また看護職者の職業キャリア成熟における「関心性」「自律性」「計画性」の3因子各4項目で測定できることを明らかにした。本研究においては、看護職者における「職業キャリア成熟」の測定尺度が開発できたが、今後はさらに、前記因子モデルの不変性について検討を継続すると同時に、「職業キャリア成熟」の影響要因やインパクトについての検討が必要なことが推察された。The theory of career maturity advanced by Super (1957) developed out of the concept of occupational development. It is defined as an individuals\u27 attitudinal and cognitive read-iness for developmental challenges (Crites,1978). The present study reviewed the Adult Career Maturity Scales: ACMS developed by Sakayanagi (1990) and examined its construct validity using item response thelry. A confirmatory factor analysis (structural equation modeling) was performed based on the data of 508 nurses. The research questions checkd the number of reliable and interpretable factors in the data set, and clarified the nature of the factors. The fitness of the model was confirmed (CFI = 0.91; SRMR = 0.081) and a three factor model of "concern","autonomy",and "planning" was determined. Future research will test the reliability of this model and examine the causes and effects of career maturity

Magnetohydrodynamic experiments on cosmic magnetic fields

It is widely known that cosmic magnetic fields, i.e. the fields of planets, stars, and galaxies, are produced by the hydromagnetic dynamo effect in moving electrically conducting fluids. It is less well known that cosmic magnetic fields play also an active role in cosmic structure formation by enabling outward transport of angular momentum in accretion disks via the magnetorotational instability (MRI). Considerable theoretical and computational progress has been made in understanding both processes. In addition to this, the last ten years have seen tremendous efforts in studying both effects in liquid metal experiments. In 1999, magnetic field self-excitation was observed in the large scale liquid sodium facilities in Riga and Karlsruhe. Recently, self-excitation was also obtained in the French "von Karman sodium" (VKS) experiment. An MRI-like mode was found on the background of a turbulent spherical Couette flow at the University of Maryland. Evidence for MRI as the first instability of an hydrodynamically stable flow was obtained in the "Potsdam Rossendorf Magnetic Instability Experiment" (PROMISE). In this review, the history of dynamo and MRI related experiments is delineated, and some directions of future work are discussed.Comment: 25 pages, 26 figures, to appear in ZAM

Highly efficient sulfonic/carboxylic dual-acid synergistic catalysis for esterification enabled by sulfur-rich graphene oxide

A new sulfonic/carboxylic dual-acid catalyst based on sulfur-rich graphene oxide (GO-S) was readily prepared and used as a highly efficient and reusable solid acid catalyst toward the esterification of oleic acid with methanol for biodiesel production. Higher yields of methyl oleate (98 %) and over 3 times higher turnover frequencies (TOFs) were observed for the GO-S dual-acid catalyst, compared to liquid sulfuric acid or other carbon-based solid acid catalysts. The “acidity” of sulfonic acid groups was enhanced by the addition of carboxylic acid groups as the combination of the two acids enhances their inherent activity by associative interaction

Hedgehog Spin-texture and Berry's Phase tuning in a Magnetic Topological Insulator

Understanding and control of spin degrees of freedom on the surfaces of topological materials are key to future applications as well as for realizing novel physics such as the axion electrodynamics associated with time-reversal (TR) symmetry breaking on the surface. We experimentally demonstrate magnetically induced spin reorientation phenomena simultaneous with a Dirac-metal to gapped-insulator transition on the surfaces of manganese-doped Bi2Se3 thin films. The resulting electronic groundstate exhibits unique hedgehog-like spin textures at low energies, which directly demonstrate the mechanics of TR symmetry breaking on the surface. We further show that an insulating gap induced by quantum tunnelling between surfaces exhibits spin texture modulation at low energies but respects TR invariance. These spin phenomena and the control of their Fermi surface geometrical phase first demonstrated in our experiments pave the way for the future realization of many predicted exotic magnetic phenomena of topological origin.Comment: 38 pages, 18 Figures, Includes new text, additional datasets and interpretation beyond arXiv:1206.2090, for the final published version see Nature Physics (2012

EMPRESS. XI. SDSS and JWST Search for Local and z~4-5 Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxies (EMPGs): Clustering and Chemical Properties of Local EMPGs

We search for local extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs), selecting photometric candidates by broadband color excess and machine-learning techniques with the SDSS photometric data. After removing stellar contaminants by shallow spectroscopy with Seimei and Nayuta telescopes, we confirm that three candidates are EMPGs with 0.05--0.1 $Z_\odot$ by deep Magellan/MagE spectroscopy for faint {\sc[Oiii]}$\lambda$4363 lines. Using a statistical sample consisting of 105 spectroscopically-confirmed EMPGs taken from our study and the literature, we calculate cross-correlation function (CCF) of the EMPGs and all SDSS galaxies to quantify environments of EMPGs. Comparing another CCF of all SDSS galaxies and comparison SDSS galaxies in the same stellar mass range ($10^{7.0}-10^{8.4} M_\odot$), we find no significant ($>1\sigma$) difference between these two CCFs. We also compare mass-metallicity relations (MZRs) of the EMPGs and those of galaxies at $z\sim$ 0--4 with a steady chemical evolution model and find that the EMPG MZR is comparable with the model prediction on average. These clustering and chemical properties of EMPGs are explained by a scenario of stochastic metal-poor gas accretion on metal-rich galaxies showing metal-poor star formation. Extending the broadband color-excess technique to a high-$z$ EMPG search, we select 17 candidates of $z\sim$ 4--5 EMPGs with the deep ($\simeq30$ mag) near-infrared JWST/NIRCam images obtained by ERO and ERS programs. We find galaxy candidates with negligible {\sc[Oiii]}$\lambda\lambda$4959,5007 emission weaker than the local EMPGs and known high-$z$ galaxies, suggesting that some of these candidates may fall in 0--0.01 $Z_\odot$, which potentially break the lowest metallicity limit known to date