Integrasi Seni Budaya dengan Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Aliyah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji integrasi seni budaya dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam Ngadimulyo Sukorejo, Pasuruan. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasari oleh kebutuhan inovasi pembelajaran PAI yang mampu menyentuh aspek afektif dan estetika siswa, serta menjadikan proses belajar lebih menarik, interaktif, dan bermakna. Seni budaya, seperti kaligrafi, puisi islami, drama religi, dan musik bernuansa keagamaan, dinilai sebagai media efektif dalam menyampaikan nilai-nilai Islam secara emosional dan menyentuh hati peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap kepala madrasah, guru PAI, guru seni budaya, serta hasil karya siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran inovatif seperti project-based learning, experiential learning, contextual teaching, dan inquiry-based learning memberikan dampak positif terhadap pemahaman keagamaan siswa, partisipasi aktif dalam proses belajar, dan keterlibatan emosional yang lebih tinggi. Pendekatan kurikuler menjadi dasar integrasi antara seni budaya dengan materi PAI yang diterapkan secara kontekstual. Temuan penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi seni budaya dalam pembelajaran PAI mampu meningkatkan nilai estetika pembelajaran serta memperkuat karakter religius, kreatif, dan toleran pada diri siswa. Integrasi ini juga menjadi solusi pembelajaran yang relevan dengan perkembangan zaman sekaligus tetap berakar pada nilai-nilai keislaman dan budaya lokal. Oleh karena itu, strategi ini direkomendasikan sebagai pendekatan alternatif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan agama di tingkat madrasah

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK LIMBAH CAIR TAHU SEBAGAI NUTRISI PADA SISTEM HIDROPONIK APUNG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELADA MERAH (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa)

Industri tahu dalam setiap produksinya menghasilkan limbah cair tahu yang dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan, apabila tidak dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Limbah cair tahu memiliki potensi diolah menjadi Pupuk Organik Cair (POC), yang dapat digunakan sebagai nutrisi pada sistem hidroponik. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik limbah cair tahu sebagai nutrisi hidroponik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa) pada sistem hidroponik apung.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di Jalan Belimau Kota Samarinda, pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2023. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial dengan 4 perlakuan meliputi perlakuan t0 (5 ml L-1 AB Mix), t1 (15%), t2 (30%), dan t3 (45%) dengan 5 kali pengulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertambahan tinggi tanaman, pertambahan panjang akar, pertambahan jumlah daun, warna akar, berat segar tanaman, dan berat segar akar. Data pengamatan dianalisis dengan uji Anova, jika perlakuan berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organik limbah cair tahu sebagai nutrisi hidroponik memberikan pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah, meskipun belum seoptimal dengan nutrisi AB Mix sebagai kontrol. Perlakuan terbaik pada taraf konsentrasi pupuk organik limbah cair tahu adalah konsentrasi 45% dengan nilai rerata berat segar tanaman tertinggi yaitu 32,58 g, dan membentuk grafik linier positif dengan persamaan regresi y = 68.6x + 1.56 dengan nilai r2 = 0.9994, hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi POC maka semakin tinggi pengaruh yang diperoleh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah

Evaluation of practice change following SAFE obstetric courses in Tanzania: : a prospective cohort study

Funding Information: The study was funded by the Laerdal Foundation. ML and AZ are joint first authors. We would like to thank the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists and the Association of Anaesthetists, UK for operational and administrative support. We would also like to express our deepest gratitude to the faculty and research assistants: B. Asnake, A. Chamwanzi, A. Cheng, T. Kasole, K. Khalid, L. Frostan Komba, C. L. S. Kwan, A. F. Lwiza, P. Massawe, B. McKenna, S. S. Mohamed, C. Msadabwe, P. Murambi, A. Musgrave, M. C. Mutagwaba, G. Mwakisambwe, A. S. Ndebeya, S. G. Ndezi, H. Phiri, P. Ponsian, R. Samwel, E. Shang'a and R. Swai. This paper is dedicated to the memory of our dear friend and colleague, Soloman Gerald Ndezi (1984–2022), who was a dedicated teacher and compassionate doctor. No competing interests declared. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Anaesthesia published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association of Anaesthetists.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial

Background: Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in people with overweight or obesity, but the effects of this drug on outcomes in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure are unknown. We report a prespecified analysis of the effect of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2·4 mg on ischaemic and heart failure cardiovascular outcomes. We aimed to investigate if semaglutide was beneficial in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with a history of heart failure compared with placebo; if there was a difference in outcome in patients designated as having heart failure with preserved ejection fraction compared with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; and if the efficacy and safety of semaglutide in patients with heart failure was related to baseline characteristics or subtype of heart failure. Methods: The SELECT trial was a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled, event-driven phase 3 trial in 41 countries. Adults aged 45 years and older, with a BMI of 27 kg/m2 or greater and established cardiovascular disease were eligible for the study. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) with a block size of four using an interactive web response system in a double-blind manner to escalating doses of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide over 16 weeks to a target dose of 2·4 mg, or placebo. In a prespecified analysis, we examined the effect of semaglutide compared with placebo in patients with and without a history of heart failure at enrolment, subclassified as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, or unclassified heart failure. Endpoints comprised MACE (a composite of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, and cardiovascular death); a composite heart failure outcome (cardiovascular death or hospitalisation or urgent hospital visit for heart failure); cardiovascular death; and all-cause death. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03574597. Findings: Between Oct 31, 2018, and March 31, 2021, 17 604 patients with a mean age of 61·6 years (SD 8·9) and a mean BMI of 33·4 kg/m2 (5·0) were randomly assigned to receive semaglutide (8803 [50·0%] patients) or placebo (8801 [50·0%] patients). 4286 (24·3%) of 17 604 patients had a history of investigator-defined heart failure at enrolment: 2273 (53·0%) of 4286 patients had heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, 1347 (31·4%) had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and 666 (15·5%) had unclassified heart failure. Baseline characteristics were similar between patients with and without heart failure. Patients with heart failure had a higher incidence of clinical events. Semaglutide improved all outcome measures in patients with heart failure at random assignment compared with those without heart failure (hazard ratio [HR] 0·72, 95% CI 0·60-0·87 for MACE; 0·79, 0·64-0·98 for the heart failure composite endpoint; 0·76, 0·59-0·97 for cardiovascular death; and 0·81, 0·66-1·00 for all-cause death; all pinteraction>0·19). Treatment with semaglutide resulted in improved outcomes in both the heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HR 0·65, 95% CI 0·49-0·87 for MACE; 0·79, 0·58-1·08 for the composite heart failure endpoint) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction groups (0·69, 0·51-0·91 for MACE; 0·75, 0·52-1·07 for the composite heart failure endpoint), although patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction had higher absolute event rates than those with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. For MACE and the heart failure composite, there were no significant differences in benefits across baseline age, sex, BMI, New York Heart Association status, and diuretic use. Serious adverse events were less frequent with semaglutide versus placebo, regardless of heart failure subtype. Interpretation: In patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diease and overweight or obesity, treatment with semaglutide 2·4 mg reduced MACE and composite heart failure endpoints compared with placebo in those with and without clinical heart failure, regardless of heart failure subtype. Our findings could facilitate prescribing and result in improved clinical outcomes for this patient group. Funding: Novo Nordisk

Learning Strategy of Akidah Akhlak Subject During Covid-19 Pandemic in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

The Covid-19 pandemic causes many problems which forced teachers to innovate and determine the learning strategies used. The strategy was chosen based on the nature or subject material character. Akidah Akhlak was a compulsory subject in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. This study aimed to analyze the teacher's strategy in the learning of Akidah Akhlak Subject at MIN Palu during the pandemic. The design of this research was descriptive qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The data were obtained from interviews, observations and documentation. The study results showed that the Akidah Akhlak learning strategy was implemented in two learning models, namely Online and Offline (Home Visit). The first was online learning by using smartphones and laptops with the WhatsApp application, video calls, google classroom, and Ruang Guru Application. The second was student's home visits by gathering some students who lived nearby to each other's house to study together and assignments were given every week based on a schedule. The home visit is prioritized for students who were categorized as slow learners and students without internet connection. In online learning and home visits, creativity and optimizing the roles of teachers and parents are very necessary for the effective and efficient learning. These findings can be used as input in determining future learning strategie

Impact of Infection caused by Extended Spectrum ?-Lactamase Producing Bacteria: A Review Update

Emergence of bacterial resistance causes limitation of the action of antimicrobial agents. Frequency of extended spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) production is high among Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella species. This has created a worldwide problem resulting in treatment failure. ESBLs have become widespread throughout the world. Microbes undergo mutation of genes, which can spread from cell to cell by mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, transposons and bacteriophages. Resistant bacteria flourish in areas of heavy antibiotic use such as hospitals and ICU. With widespread use of antibiotic, the frequency of penicillinase producing staphylococci increased. The availability of the second-generation cephalosporin, such as cefamondole, cefoxitin, and cefuroxime, or 3rd generation cephalosporin, such as cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone has been the leading cause of potential resistances in nosocomial Gram-negative bacilli. Hospital outbreaks of multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae are now being frequently caused by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Incidence of ESBL producing strains among clinical isolates has been steadily increasing over past years resulting in limitation of therapeutic options. Bacterial antibiotic resistance has become a major clinical concern worldwide including Bangladesh. Recently, the use of second and third generation cephalosporin has led to the selection of Gram-negative organisms resistant to ?-lactamase stable cephalosporin. This resistance is attributed to the production of extended spectrum ?-lactamases.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v1i1.19560J Curr Adv Med Res 2014;1(1):13-19</jats:p

Prevalence of Depression Among Women Using Hormonal Contraceptives in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Depression is a global health concern with significant consequences, especially for women. Hormonal changes and gender disparities contribute to its prevalence. Hormonal contraceptives are widely used among women of reproductive age, but some users report mood-related side effects. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between hormonal contraceptive use and depression among women in Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at two hospitals in Mogadishu, targeting married women aged 15-49 using hormonal contraceptives. A sample size of 227 participants was determined, and data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to assess depression. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of depression among participants was 33.5%, with significant associations observed between depression and occupation, income level, type of hormonal contraceptive used, and duration of contraceptive use. Housewives, individuals with lower income, users of oral pills and implant methods, as well as those with shorter durations of contraceptive use, constituted the high-risk groups for depression. Conclusion: Depression poses a concern among women using hormonal contraceptives in Mogadishu, Somalia. Healthcare providers should educate women about potential side effects and consider individualized contraceptive recommendations. Mental health support initiatives and awareness campaigns should be introduced. Future research is recommended to further understand and address depression in this context

Epidemiological Investigation of Measles Outbreaks in Somalia: A Retrospective Study

Background: Measles has been a significant and persistent public health challenge in Somalia, with frequent outbreaks reported across the country, which is grappling with a complex humanitarian crisis, decades of political instability, and recurrent natural disasters. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology of measles by examining the affected individuals’ outcomes, laboratory results, and demographic characteristics. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study analyzing measles cases reported to the National Public Health Reference Laboratory across various states in Somalia, from January to June 2024. We then employed rigorous data analysis using SPSS version 26. Results: Of the 1266 suspected measles cases received at the laboratory, 58.4% were confirmed as measles positive. The highest attack rate was observed in children under 1 year old, with 133 cases per 100,000 individuals. Males accounted for 57.4% of the cases, with an attack rate of 155 cases per 100,000 individuals. Overall, 98.3% of the cases were unvaccinated individuals. The highest number of cases was reported in the states of Banadir, Hirshabelle, and Galmudug, accounting for 32.6%, 20.5%, and 19.6%, respectively. The sex of the children was statistically associated with measles (p-value = 0.026), while age was also statistically significant (p-value = 0.001). Conclusion and Recommendations: These findings indicate a significant measles outbreak, particularly among unvaccinated individuals, with children under 1 year old being the most vulnerable. Males showed a higher attack rate compared to females. To mitigate future outbreaks, health authorities should focus on intensifying vaccination campaigns in the most affected regions and age groups. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure and raising public awareness about the importance of vaccination are also essential to prevent future outbreaks and improve public health

Knowledge and attitude regarding toxoplasmosis among pregnant women attending Banadir hospital antenatal clinic

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Background Toxoplasmosis is a common condition that occurs worldwide in most birds and warm-blooded mammals, including humans. In most cases, toxoplasmosis does not have any symptoms. This is because a healthy immune system is usually able to defend the body from the parasite and prevent it from causing illness.Objectives The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude toxoplasmosis among pregnant woman attending at ANC Benadir Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia. &#x0D; Methodology A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending at Banadir hospital ANC with sample size of 352 and purposive non-purposive sampling technique was used, structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data was analyzed by using SPSS (20).Result The Study was found that the majority of women 51.7% had average level of knowledge regarding toxoplasmosis, while majority of studied 79.5% had positive attitude and 20.5 negative attitude. A moderate positive correlation was found between knowledge score and attitude score of pregnant women. &#x0D; Conclusion Based on the results of this study, pregnant women had average knowledge toward toxoplasmosis. Study recommended to reduce complication of toxoplasmosis to the pregnant women pregnant women should provide an educational program about toxoplasmosis infection and measures of prevention. Nursing and midwifes are two health personnel’s working in the community should be equipped with adequate knowledge and skill to educate the women on breast self-examination. The study suggests further study about practice toward breast self-examination. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; </jats:p