Interface structure and surface morphology of (Co, Fe, Ni)/Cu/Si(100) thin films

We have examined bilayer Co/Cu, Fe/Cu, and Ni/Cu films deposited by molecular‐beam epitaxy on hydrogen‐terminated [100] silicon substrates. The magnetic metal/copper interface was examined by atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy and compared with the surface morphology as depicted by atomic force microscopy. The general orientation relationships across the magnetic metal/copper interfaces were found to be: [001]Co, Ni∥[001]Cu; (010)Co, Ni∥(010)Cu and [001]Fe∥[001]Cu; (110)Fe∥(200)Cu. The latter system is equivalent to the [11 1]Fe∥[011]Cu and (110)Fe∥(100)Cu Pitsch relationship, as has been reported earlier. Furthermore, there was a general correlation between interfacial and surface roughness, indicating that the initial interface character is propagated throughout the film during growth. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71022/2/JAPIAU-80-9-5035-1.pd

Subtle hand gesture identification for HCI using temporal decorrelation source separation BSS of surface EMG

Hand gesture identification has various human computer interaction (HCI) applications. This paper presents a method for subtle hand gesture identification from sEMG of the forearm by decomposing the signal into components originating from different muscles. The processing requires the decomposition of the surface EMG by temporal decorrelation source separation (TDSEP) based blind source separation technique. Pattern classification of the separated signal is performed in the second step with a back propagation neural network. The focus of this work is to establish a simple, yet robust system that can be used to identify subtle complex hand actions and gestures for control of prosthesis and other HCI based devices. The proposed model based approach is able to overcome the ambiguity problems (order and magnitude problem) of BSS methods by selecting an a priori mixing matrix based on known hand muscle anatomy. The paper reports experimental results, where the system was able to reliably recognize different subtle hand gesture with an overall accuracy of 97%. The advantage of such a system is that it is easy to train by a lay user, and can easily be implemented in real time after the initial training. The paper also highlights the importance of mixing matrix analysis in BSS technique

Comparing Wilson and Clover Quenched SU(3)SU(3) Spectroscopy with an Improved Gauge Action

We present results of quenched $SU(3)$ hadron spectroscopy comparing \order(a) improved Wilson (Clover) fermions with conventional Wilson fermions. The configurations were generated using an \order(a^2) improved 6-link $SU(3)$ pure gauge action at $\beta$'s corresponding to lattice spacings of $0.15$, $0.18$, $0.20$, $0.33$, and $0.43$ fm. We find evidence that fermionic scaling violations are consistent with \order(a^2) for Clover and \order(a) with a nonnegligible \order(a^2) term for standard Wilson fermions. This latter mixed ansatz makes a reliable continuum extrapolation problematic for Wilson fermions. We also find that the slope of the scaling violations is roughly $250 MeV$ for both Wilson and Clover fermions.Comment: 3 pages latex with 2 postscript figures. Talk presented at LATTICE96(spectrum

Feshbach resonances in the 6Li-40K Fermi-Fermi mixture: Elastic versus inelastic interactions

We present a detailed theoretical and experimental study of Feshbach resonances in the 6Li-40K mixture. Particular attention is given to the inelastic scattering properties, which have not been considered before. As an important example, we thoroughly investigate both elastic and inelastic scattering properties of a resonance that occurs near 155 G. Our theoretical predictions based on a coupled channels calculation are found in excellent agreement with the experimental results. We also present theoretical results on the molecular state that underlies the 155G resonance, in particular concerning its lifetime against spontaneous dissociation. We then present a survey of resonances in the system, fully characterizing the corresponding elastic and inelastic scattering properties. This provides the essential information to identify optimum resonances for applications relying on interaction control in this Fermi-Fermi mixture.Comment: Submitted to EPJD, EuroQUAM special issues "Cold Quantum Matter - Achievements and Prospects", v2 with updated calibration of magnetic field (+4mG correction) and updated figures 4 and

Exploring combined effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on Fusarium wilt development of chickpea

Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) is one of the major diseases in chickpea. Under changing climatic scenario, elevated CO2 (eCO2) (550 and 700 ppm) and temperature (25°C, 30°C and 35°C) have potential impact on plant resistance mechanisms and pathogen virulence. Hence, the present study was aim to assess the impact of eCO2 and temperature on FW incidence and disease progression in two chickpea cultivars, JG 62 (susceptible) and WR 315 (resistant). Irrespective of temperature, the incubation period was delayed in eCO2 when compared to ambient. In case of combined effect, the maximum disease incidence was found in 30°C combined with 700 ppm as well as ambient CO2 conditions. To quantify the pathogen load and expression of several defence responsive genes in chickpea and virulence-related genes in Foc, qPCR study was employed. As compared to the eCO2, the expression of defence and virulence response genes in chickpea inoculated seedlings was highly up-regulated in ambient CO2 conditions irrespective of temperatures. The results suggested that among different defence-related genes studied, peroxidise gene was highly expressed in WR 315 cultivar, there by restricting the Foc colonization, by providing an evidence of efficient defense mechanism in the resistant cultivar. Moreover, in JG 62 the pathogenicity-causing secreted in xylem (SIX 14) gene was highly expressed as it mainly helps in colonization of Foc by defeating its defense in susceptible cultivar, which helps in providing more insights in understanding the compatible and incompatible interactions between chickpea and Fo

Development and histogenesis of human foetal lung in relation with gestational age

Background:The objective was to study the development and histogenesis of human foetal lung in relation with different gestational age.Methods:In the present study lung specimens were collected from formalin fixed 27 aborted foetuses (14 male, 13 female) by abdominal dissection between 6 weeks to 40 weeks of gestational age.Results:In the present study we observed that there was a delay in the appearance of embryonic, pseudo glandular phase, canalicular, terminal saccular and alveolar stages of the lung.Conclusion:Delay in the developmental anatomy and histogenesis of the lung cells leads to histopathological abnormalities which gives knowledge to the clinicians during clinical procedures

Flavor-Symmetry Restoration and Symanzik Improvement for Staggered Quarks

We resolve contradictions in the literature concerning the origins and size of unphysical flavor-changing strong interactions generated by the staggered-quark discretization of QCD. We show that the leading contributions are tree-level in \order(a^2) and that they can be removed by adding three correction terms to the link operator in the standard action. These corrections are part of the systematic Symanzik improvement of the staggered-quark action. We present a new improved action for staggered quarks that is accurate up to errors of \order(a^4,a^2\alpha_s) --- more accurate than most, if not all, other discretizations of light-quark dynamics.Comment: 7 page

Quenched SU(3)SU(3) hadron spectroscopy using improved fermionic and gauge actions

We present results of quenched $SU(3)$ hadron spectroscopy using \order(a) improved Wilson fermions. The configurations were generated using an \order(a^2) improved 6-link $SU(3)$ pure gauge action at $\beta$'s corresponding to lattice spacings of $0.43$, $0.25$, $0.20$, $0.18$, and $0.15$ fm. We find evidence that fermionic scaling violations are consistent with \order(a^2) errors.Comment: 4 pages latex with 3 postscript figures. Corrected column heading in tabl