Effect of Bavistin and Silver Thiosulphate on In Vitro Plant Regeneration of Stevia rebaudiana

Effect of Bavastin (fungicide), Silver thiosulphate (Ehtylene inhibitor) on shoot regeneration using axillary bud explants of Stevia rebaudiana was studied.  In Bavastin supplemented medium multiple shoots were induced from axillary bud explants.  Bavistin in combination with BA induced maximum number of shoots (6.4±0.2).  Ethylene inhibitor silver thiosulphate also favoured the shoot morphogenesis. At lower concentration of silver thiosulphate (10-40 mM/L) maximum number of shoots (2.1-3.2) were obtained. All the in vitro raised shoots with a length of 3-5 cm were transferred to rooting medium.  The best rooting response was observed on 2.0mg/L IBA. The well rooted plantlets were transferred to polybags containing soil + vermiculite in 1: 1 ratio for hardening. Finally the hardened plantlets were transferred to field conditions for maximum survivability

Carbohydrate Concentration Influences on In Vitro Plant Regeneration in Stevia rebaudiana

In the present study effect of various carbon sources such as sucrose, glucose, fructose and maltose was investigated on in vitro shoot regeneration of Stevia rebaudiana using nodal explants. The frequency, growth and multiplication rate were highly influenced by the type and concentration of carbon sources used.  The highest number of shoots (21.4±0.80), shoot length (5.36±0.55) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 4% fructose.  The least number of shoots (1.3±0.47) was obtained on 6% glucose and the least shoot length (1.22±0.25) was observed on 1% sucrose.  Among the different carbon sources used in the present study, fructose at 4% proved to be better choice for multiple shoot regeneration followed by sucrose, maltose and glucose, from nodal explants of Stevia rebaudiana

Effect of Different Carbon Sources on In vitro Shoot Regeneration of Solanum nigrum (Linn) - An Important Antiulcer Medicinal Plant

An efficient in vitro protocol for mass propagation of Solanum nigrum was developed.  In the present study, the effect of various carbon sources, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and maltose was investigated on in vitro shoot regeneration using nodal explants. The frequency, growth and multiplication rate were highly influenced by the type and concentration of carbon sources used.  The highest number of shoots (24.0±0.28) were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 4% fructose, but maximum shoot length (11.0±0.28 cm) was observed on MS medium supplemented with 4% sucrose. The least number of shoots obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1% glucose (3.5±0.50), with a shoot length of (3.4±0.34 cm). Among the different carbon sources used in the present study, fructose at 4% proved to be better choice for multiple shoot regeneration followed by sucrose, maltose and glucose, from nodal explants of Solanum nigrum

Total synthesis of naturally occurring cephalosporolides E/F

A modular total synthesis of cephalosporolides E/F featuring sequential epoxide–alkyne coupling and subsequent highly regioselective gold catalyzed alkynolcycloisomerization of the resulting alkynetetrol to construct the central spiroketal core has been documented

Ventilation coefficient and boundary layer height impact on urban air quality

In the present study, ventilation coefficient (VC) was estimated in order to understand the concentration of pollutants over the urban region of Hyderabad during 2009–2011. Nocturnal boundary layer height (BLH) was calculated using the accurate (0.2% for Refractivity Profiles) high vertical resolution global positioning system radio occultation (GPSRO), Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC)-derived one-dimensional variational (1-DVAR) refractivity profiles, and observations of boundary layer LIDAR (BLL). The statistical results revealed that the coefficient of determination (R2) between LIDAR- and GPSRO-estimated BLH is 0.51, whereas that for VC is 0.68. The maximum BLH observed during the study period was maximum in the summer season and the minimum was observed in monsoon season, whereas the maximum VC was observed during summer and the minimum in winter. When the BLH and VC are low, the pollutant concentration of black carbon (BC) is higher and vice versa. This means that the dispersion of pollutants in the lower atmosphere is due to convective mixing. It was found that high VC values could dilute air pollutants whereas low values leads to more pollution

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Not AvailableA computer software (WatBal) was developed for estimating climatic water balance components and length of growing period (LGP) for individual stations using overhead climatic data and soil water retention. The program computes various components of water budget (water surplus/deficit, humidity/aridity/moisture indices, bio-climatic type) following the standard methods considering precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PET), and available water holding capacity (AWC) of soils as inputs at either monthly or weekly time steps. The essential inputs for the program are rainfall and evapotranspiration. Mean rainfall is derived from climatic normals and the evapotranspiration is estimated following Penman-Monteith relation based on inputs of normal temperature, humidity, radiation parameters specific to a location. The water-balance program tested for many stations with diverse soil, physiography and climate conditions over India and was found to provide good results. Spatial interpolation techniques in Geographical Information System (GIS) have been adopted for interpretation of geographical variation of the various water budget components. The WatBal software was used in many agriculture research areas in India. A few applications viz., delineation of bio-climatic types, crop growing period, delineation of agro-ecological regions/sub-regions, agricultural drought classification are discussed.Not Availabl