Urban Reproduction and Fertility: Kyoto in Late Tokugawa Japan

Having collected all of the extant population surveys of Kyoto that included age information, we try to analyze fertility using all data where there were two consecutive listings. The total marital fertility rate was at the low level of 4.03, suggesting that maintaining the urban population with fertility alone may have been difficult. This confirms the fertility side of the urban graveyard theory

Ca II K Spectral Study of an Emerging Flux Region using Domeless Solar Telescope in Hida Observatory

A cooperative observation with Hida observatory and Hinode satellite was performed on an emerging flux region. The successive Ca II K spectro-heliograms of the emerging flux region were taken by the Domeless Solar Telescope of Hida observatory. Hinode observed the emerging flux region with Ca II H and Fe I Stokes IQUV filtergrams. In this study, detailed dynamics and temporal evolution of the magnetic flux emergence was studied observationally. The event was first detected in the photospheric magnetic field signals. 3 minutes later, the horizontal expansion of the dark area was detected. And then, 7 minutes later than the horizontal expansion, the emerging loops were detected with the maximal rise speed of 2.1 km/s at chromospheric heights. The observed dynamics of emerging magnetic flux from the photosphere to the upper chromosphere is well consistent with the results of previous simulation works. The gradual rising phase of flux tubes with a weak magnetic strength was confirmed by our observation.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure

Purification and complete amino acid sequence of canine pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor

AbstractPancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) was purified from canine pancreatic juice by HPLC. Canine PSTI inhibited bovine trypsin activity stoichiometrically and strongly with a dissociation constant of below 10−9 M. The amino acid sequence of canine PSTI was determined by conventional methods. It had one more amino acid residue at the amino-terminus than other mammalian PSTIs, i.e. human, porcine, bovine and ovine

Can High Frequency Acoustic Waves Heat the Quiet Sun Chromosphere?

We use Hinode/SOT Ca II H-line and blue continuum broadband observations to study the presence and power of high frequency acoustic waves at high spatial resolution. We find that there is no dominant power at small spatial scales; the integrated power using the full resolution of Hinode (0.05'' pixels, 0.16'' resolution) is larger than the power in the data degraded to 0.5'' pixels (TRACE pixel size) by only a factor of 1.2. At 20 mHz the ratio is 1.6. Combining this result with the estimates of the acoustic flux based on TRACE data of Fossum & Carlsson (2006), we conclude that the total energy flux in acoustic waves of frequency 5-40 mHz entering the internetwork chromosphere of the quiet Sun is less than 800 W m$^{-2}$, inadequate to balance the radiative losses in a static chromosphere by a factor of five.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ (special Hinode issue