Contemporary Hip Capsular Management and Closure Using a Suture Passing Device

Before comprehensive correction of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, capsular management must be thoughtfully considered to ensure both adequate visualization for bony resection and prevention of iatrogenic microinstability. A number of biomechanical and clinical studies have shown the importance of performing comprehensive capsular closure to restore native hip biomechanical kinematics. The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe the technique of using a suture passing device for capsular plication by a fellowship-trained hip arthroscopist at a large-volume academic center

Endoscopic Repair of Proximal Hamstring Tear With Double-Row Suture Bridge Construct

Hamstring strains account for 25% to 30% of all muscle strains and are an exceedingly common injury in the athletic population. Although proximal hamstring avulsion injuries occur less commonly than strains at the myotendinous junction, they are more severe and debilitating. Proximal hamstring avulsions do not respond well to conservative treatment and are more likely to require surgical intervention. Surgical repair of proximal hamstring avulsions is indicated when the injury fails to respond to conservative treatment, in cases of osseous avulsion with retraction, and in cases of tearing of all 3 hamstring tendons. Endoscopic repair of proximal hamstring avulsions is a promising technique to repair these injuries while reducing morbidity. We describe our technique for endoscopic proximal hamstring repair, which uses a double-row suture bridge construct to reattach the tendons to the ischial tuberosity

Reconstruction Guide for the Measurement of Segmental Labral Insufficiency: An Alternative Technique for Acetabular Labral Reconstruction

The acetabular labrum is a dynamic structure important for both hip stability and functional motion. Given its importance, injuries to the labrum result in significant symptomatic dysfunction caused by altered hip kinematics. Although labral repair represents the standard for symptomatic labral tears with underlying bony deformity, complex labral tears or those with significant degeneration may not be amenable to repair and require labral reconstruction. Labral reconstruction has been shown to restore intra-articular fluid pressurization to levels similar to those in the intact state, and cohort studies have increasingly demonstrated significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes at midterm follow-up. A critical component of successful labral reconstruction is accurate measurement of the graft length to restore native anatomy and kinematics of the hip. The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe a way to accurately measure graft length required for labral reconstruction

Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny

Comparative analysis of multiple genomes in a phylogenetic framework dramatically improves the precision and sensitivity of evolutionary inference, producing more robust results than single-genome analyses can provide. The genomes of 12 Drosophila species, ten of which are presented here for the first time (sechellia, simulans, yakuba, erecta, ananassae, persimilis, willistoni, mojavensis, virilis and grimshawi), illustrate how rates and patterns of sequence divergence across taxa can illuminate evolutionary processes on a genomic scale. These genome sequences augment the formidable genetic tools that have made Drosophila melanogaster a pre-eminent model for animal genetics, and will further catalyse fundamental research on mechanisms of development, cell biology, genetics, disease, neurobiology, behaviour, physiology and evolution. Despite remarkable similarities among these Drosophila species, we identified many putatively non-neutral changes in protein-coding genes, non-coding RNA genes, and cis-regulatory regions. These may prove to underlie differences in the ecology and behaviour of these diverse species