Function of Monocytes in the Retired Workers of the Okunojima Poison Gas Factory

Monocyte function of poison gas workers was determined and the following results were obtained. 1) No difference in cytostatic activity could be observed between poison gas workers and their controls. 2) Phagocytic activity of poison gas workers was slightly depressed when compared with that of the controls, but the difference was not significant. By duration of work, it was observed that the group with duration of work exceeding five years had a significantly lower value when compared with the group with duration of work being less than two years. 3) Chemotactic activity of poison gas workers tended to be depressed when compared with that of the controls. The activity tended to be more depressed the longer the duration of work. 4) A significant positive correlation was observed between cytostatic activity and phagocytic activity

Study of Genetic Effects of Sulphur Mustard Gas on Former Workers of Ohkunojima Poison Gas Factory and Their Offspring

General health examination and one-dimensional electrophoretic examination to detect mutations at the protein level were conducted in order to elucidate potential genetic effects of sulphur mustard gas on children of the former workers of Ohkunojima Poison Gas Factory. In the general examination, no disease which was definitely considered to be caused by genetic effects was observed, and no examination values obtained for the children proved to be significantly abnormal compared with those for their parents. Blood samples from 456 children were electrophoretically examined for 30 protein systems. A total of 36 protein variants were detected in 10 protein systems, and the frequency of variants was 2.63 per 1,000 tests. Family study was completed for 32 of these variants, all of which were confirmed to be genetic variants. In 29,868 locus tests, mutation occurred in germ cells of parents could not be detected. Among 36 variants, two PGM2 variants and one GPI variant were detected for the first time in this study

Production of Interleukin 2 in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes: Optimal Condition for its Culture

For the assay of the production of Interleukin 2 (IL-2) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (human PBL), a study was made on the optimal condition for its culture. 1) The optimal condition for the production of IL-2 was considered to be incubation time of 24 hr, number of PBL of 1 x 106 cells/ml, and phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M) concentration of 1 — 5% 2) By one way mixed lymphocyte reaction (one way MLR), IL-2 activity similar in level to that by PHA-M stimulation could also be obtained. It was maximal at the 4th day of culture. 3) By PHA-P (0.06%) stimulation, IL-2 could also be produced similar to that by PHAM stimulation but it decreased in the order of Con A, PWM and PPD and hardly any production of IL-2 could be observed by LPS

Detection of Lymphocyte Subsets by Monoclonal Antibodies in Aged and Young Humans

With the use of Leu-series monoclonal antibodies, peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in aged and young humans were determined. 1) In comparison with young individuals, Leu-1+ cells and Leu-2a+ cells were decreased, whereas Leu-7+ cells and Leu-3a/Leu-2a were increased in aged individuals. 2) No sex difference could be observed in lymphocyte subsets. 3) PHA response of lymphocytes showed a negative correlation with Leu-2a+ cells and a positive correlation with Leu-3a/Leu-2a in aged individuals

Immune Functions of Former Poison Gas Workers I. Mitogenic response of lymphocytes and serum factors

The relation of depressed immune function to carcinogenesis has been estimated in the living body. The authors have measured the immunological parameters in former poison gas workers, a group having a high risk of carcinogenesis, for comparison with age matched normal controls and the following results were obtained. 1) With regard to serum factors, no significant difference could be demonstrated between normal controls and poison gas workers in such immunoglobulins as IgG, IgA, and IgM, in acute phase reactants such as α1-AT, α1-AG, α2-HS and C3 and in such tumor markers as CEA, ferritin, and β2-microglobulin. Furthermore, no difference could be observed in the positive rate of immune complex and in complement activity. 2) No difference could be observed between the two groups with regard to tuberculin skin reaction and number of lymphocytes, but the longer the duration of work at the poison gas factory, the more significant was the increase in those who showed negative tuberculin skin reaction. 3) In comparison with normal controls, mitogenic response to PHA showed a significant decrease in poison gas workers, but no significant difference could be seen in mitogenic response to Con A and PPD and in mixed lymphocyte reaction. 4) No significant difference could be demonstrated between the two groups in the inhibitory effects of serum on mitogenic response to PHA and Con A and on mixed lymphocyte reaction

Interleukin-2 Production and Lymphocyte Proliferation in Aged and Young Humans

A study was made on the effect of aging on the production of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and lymphocyte proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. 1) In comparison with young individuals, IL-2 production tended to decrease in aged individuals, while lymphocyte proliferation showed a significant decrease. 2) A significant correlation was observed between IL-2 production and lymphocyte proliferation in both the aged and young human populations. 3) IL-2 production showed a negative correlation with Leu-2a positive rate and a positive correlation with Leu-3a/Leu-2a ratio in aged individuals

Comparison of Various Serum Protein Values in the Japanese and the Japanese-Americans Resident in the United States

Measurements were made of various types of proteins, that is α1-antitrypsin, α1-acid glycoprotein, α2-HS glycoprotein, haptoglobin, α2-macroglobulin, transferrin, C3, IgG, IgA and lgM, in the serum of the Japanese-Americans living in Hawaii and the Japanese-Americans living in Los Angeles who are assumed to be genetically almost identical to the Japanese in Hiroshima Prefecture but are known to have a higher intake of animal fats but a lower intake of complex carbohydrates. These were compared with those of the Japanese in Hiroshima Prefecture. α2-macroglobulin values in serum of the male Japanese-Americans living in Hawaii of ages 30-39 years, 40-49 years, and 50-59 years were significantly lower than those of the residents in Hiroshima Prefecture, but no significant difference in these values could be observed between the Japanese-Americans living in Los Angeles and the Japanese in Hiroshima Prefecture. No significant difference could be observed in the values of other serum proteins in all age groups. These findings indicate that the difference in intake volume of animal fats and complex carbohydrates did not affect these serum protein values

Studies on the Impregnated Woods. : V. The relation between the penetration of synthetic resin and impregnating conditions.

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慢性腎疾患患者における赤血球炭酸脱水酵素レベル

Carbonic anhydrase isozymes, carbonic anhydrase I and II, also known as carbonate dehydratase, were isolated and purified from human erythrocytes. Rabbits were then immunized and the respective types of antisera were prepared. Using the antisera obtained, the carbonic anhydrase I and II levels in erythrocytes of healthy persons and patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, primary nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis and those undergoing chronic hemodialysis were determined by the single radial immunodiffusion method. Results showed that primary nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis and chronic hemodialysis patients had significantly higher carbonic anhydrase I levels than healthy persons, but an increase in carbonic anhydrase I level could not be demonstrated in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. The carbonic anhydrase II level in chronic glomerulonephritis, primary nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis and chronic hemodialysis patients was significantly higher than that of healthy persons. Further, in the patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, a significant positive correlation was observed between carbonic anhydrase I and BUN, serum creatinine and total cholesterol levels, while there was a negative correlation between the PSP 15-minute value. Also a significant positive correlation was found between carbonic anhydrase II and total cholesterol levels. It is concluded that the determination of carbonic anhydrase I and II levels in human erythrocytes are important for the follow-up and evaluation of prognosis in chronic renal disease patients