The Influence of the Addition of Rosehip Powder to Wheat Flour on the Dough Farinographic Properties and Bread Physico-Chemical Characteristics

An in-depth analysis of wheat flour (WF) substituted with 0.5–2.5% rosehip powder (Rp) concerning the proximate composition, dough farinographic properties, and bread physico-chemical characteristics was performed. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of Rp as a natural alternative for synthetic ascorbic acid in breadmaking was appropriate. A sample of wheat flour with an ascorbic acid addition of 2 mg/100 g was also used. Rp showed higher ash, carbohydrates, and fibre content, as well as lower moisture and protein content compared to wheat flour, and a vitamin C content of 420 ± 16.09 mg/100 g. A proximate composition analysis revealed a decrease in moisture, protein, and wet gluten, and an increase in ash, carbohydrates, and fibres for the flour mixtures compared with WF. Farinographic properties were positively influenced by the Rp addition and the high fibre content in the flour mixtures. Water absorption increased from 58.20% (WF) to 61.90% (2.5% Rp). Dough stability increased for the 0.5–1.0% Rp addition, then slightly decreased. The physico-chemical properties of bread prepared from flour mixtures showed a significant increase in height: 100.10 ± 0.14 mm (WF)–115.50 ± 0.14 mm (1.5% Rp), specific volume: 142.82 cm3/100 g (WF)–174.46 cm3/100 g (1.5% Rp), moisture: 41.81 ± 0.40% (WF)–43.92 ± 0.15% (2.0% Rp), and porosity: 87.75 ± 1.06% (WF)–89.40 ± 0.57% (2.5% Rp). The results indicated that the Rp used in breadmaking to replace synthetic ascorbic acid could be suitable

The Influence of the Addition of Rosehip Powder to Wheat Flour on the Dough Farinographic Properties and Bread Physico-Chemical Characteristics

An in-depth analysis of wheat flour (WF) substituted with 0.5–2.5% rosehip powder (Rp) concerning the proximate composition, dough farinographic properties, and bread physico-chemical characteristics was performed. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of Rp as a natural alternative for synthetic ascorbic acid in breadmaking was appropriate. A sample of wheat flour with an ascorbic acid addition of 2 mg/100 g was also used. Rp showed higher ash, carbohydrates, and fibre content, as well as lower moisture and protein content compared to wheat flour, and a vitamin C content of 420 ± 16.09 mg/100 g. A proximate composition analysis revealed a decrease in moisture, protein, and wet gluten, and an increase in ash, carbohydrates, and fibres for the flour mixtures compared with WF. Farinographic properties were positively influenced by the Rp addition and the high fibre content in the flour mixtures. Water absorption increased from 58.20% (WF) to 61.90% (2.5% Rp). Dough stability increased for the 0.5–1.0% Rp addition, then slightly decreased. The physico-chemical properties of bread prepared from flour mixtures showed a significant increase in height: 100.10 ± 0.14 mm (WF)–115.50 ± 0.14 mm (1.5% Rp), specific volume: 142.82 cm3/100 g (WF)–174.46 cm3/100 g (1.5% Rp), moisture: 41.81 ± 0.40% (WF)–43.92 ± 0.15% (2.0% Rp), and porosity: 87.75 ± 1.06% (WF)–89.40 ± 0.57% (2.5% Rp). The results indicated that the Rp used in breadmaking to replace synthetic ascorbic acid could be suitable

Mathematical modelling of pasta dough dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity and diffusivity

This work aimed to study the mathematical variation of three main thermodynamic properties (dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity) of pasta dough obtained by mixing wheat semolina and water with dough humidity and deformation speed (for dynamic viscosity), respectively with dough humidity and temperature (for thermal diffusivity and conductivity). The realized regression analysis of existing graphical data led to the development of mathematical models with a high degree of accuracy. The employed statistical tests (least squares, relative error and analysis of variance) revealed that the obtained equations are able to describe and predict the tendency of the dough thermodynamic properties

WHEAT FLOUR HUMIDITY VARIATION WITH UV-VIS RADIATION DOSE REVEALED BY SPECTRAL AND CHEMOMETRIC STUDIES

The cells’ exposure to UV radiation induces mutations of the cellular components by its action on DNA, protein synthesis and enzymatic activities. Different varieties of wheat flour were treated with UV-B, UV-A, Vis radiation and compared with untreated samples. The IR spectra for these components were recorded with a Bruker FTIR spectrophotometer using an ATR method, at 4 cm-1 resolution. The paper proposes a comparative study of unmaturing flour behavior under UV-Vis and natural radiations in order to observe the physico-chemical changing by FTIR spectroscopy. At small doses of irradiation (up to 2 h) the humidity of the samples decreases and then it significantly increases, most pronounced in Gruia’s case where the humidity is reaching 74.4% of the initial value. Middle infrared spectral studies reveal an inverse weak linear correlation between Amide I region (1650 cm-1) (R-squared value: -0.3168) and an inverse medium linear correlation assigned to area alcohol O-H band at 3290 cm-1 (R-squared value: -0.6064) with the irradiation dose variables. Strong direct linear correlations confirmed by R-squared value: 0.7835 are found between alcohol O-H band at 3290 cm-1 and humidity percentage parameter