15 research outputs found
FUNCTIONAL STATUS ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH LOWER LIMB AMPUTATION USING LOCOMOTOR CAPABILITIES INDEX QUESTIONNAIRE
Za procjenu funkcionalnog ishoda protetiÄke rehabilitacije bolesnika uÄestalo se koristi upitnik Indeks lokomotornih moguÄnosti (engl. Locomotor Capabilities Index- LCI) koji je dio veÄeg upitnika PPA (engl. The Prosthetic profile of the Amputee Person questionnaire) specifiÄnog za osobe s amputacijom donjeg uda
Rehabilitation of lower limb amputees
Rehabilitation of amputees represents a complex process during the course of which an amputee receives professional aid and support, so as to adapt to the use of prosthesis, i.e. an artificial supplement for the lost body part. The process aims at achieving an independent performance of the amputee in all areas of everyday life and as high quality of life as possible. The rehabilitation encompasses not only the pre-amputation, postoperative, pre-prosthetic and prosthetic stage, within which an amputee is provided with a prosthetic
aiding device, but also the subsequent long-term monitoring and follow-up. The implementation of the rehabilitation process runs in line with the biopsychosocial model and requires a multidisciplinary and an interdisciplinary approach, so as to achieve a successful reintegration of an amputee and allow for a lifestyle resembling the pre-amputation one as much as possible.
The article brings the causes and types of amputation, the principles
underpinning contemporary amputation surgery, prosthetics and rehabilitation during preoperative, postoperative, pre-prosthetic and prosthetic stages, as well as the stage goals and MOs of their attainment. Principles of evaluation of prosthetic rehabilitation outcomes in limb amputees, which make use of appraisal questionnaires, have been discussed as well
Interdisciplinary teamwork ā challenge in contemporary rehabilitation
Suvremena rehabilitacija holistiÄki je orijentirana, obuhvaÄa medicinsku, psiholoÅ”ku i socijalnu dimenziju te poÄiva na temeljima timskog rada. Restituciju aktivnosti, socijalne participacije i podizanje kvalitete života kod osoba s akutnim/kroniÄnim zdravstvenim problemom nemoguÄe je ostvariti kroz djelovanje jedne profesije. Preporuka je Europske udruge medicinskih specijalista (UEMS) ostvarivanje zajedniÄkih ciljeva rehabilitacije kroz interdisciplinarni pristup, Å”to predstavlja izazov s obzirom na tradicionalni pristup. Kako bi se optimizirao uÄinak rehabilitacije, nužno je objediniti razliÄite zdravstvene i nezdravstvene profesije; lijeÄnike specijaliste, fizioterapeute, radne terapeute, medicinske sestre, protetiÄare/ortotiÄare uz suradnju sa psiholozima, socijalnim radnicima te institucijama koje osiguravaju i odobravaju potrebnu zdravstvenu skrb. U veÄini zemalja Europe prakticira se iskljuÄivo interdisciplinarni oblik rada u rehabilitaciji, problemski orijentiran i fokusiran na bolesnika te ekonomski povoljan za zdravstveni sustav. UnatoÄ struÄnim kompetencijama i znanju profesionalaca u rehabilitacijskom timu, postoji nedostatak vjeÅ”tina i adekvatnog stava prema interdisciplinarnom radu. Kao posljedica loÅ”e komunikacije, razliÄitog glediÅ”ta profesija na uloge, hijerarhiju i suradnju u timu, nerazumijevanja ili neprihvaÄanja struÄnih kompetencija drugih Älanova, kompromitiran je interdisciplinarni pristup. Tijekom Domovinskog rata rehabilitacija u Hrvatskoj dobiva zamah i potrebu za interdisciplinarnim radom, gdje se unatoÄ deficitu potrebnih profesija i nepovoljnim paramedicinskim Äimbenicima mijenja strateÅ”ki pristup s holistiÄkim orijentirom. No Hrvatska i njezin sustav zdravstvene skrbi joÅ” uvijek su u tranziciji s evidentnim manjkom svih potrebnih struÄnjaka, sudionika u rehabilitaciji. Literatura predlaže interdisciplinarni oblik kao jedini oblik rada u suvremenoj rehabilitaciji, no prakticiranje tog oblika rada u esenciji je izazov. U akademskom obrazovanju posebno mjesto mora zauzimati razvijanje vjeÅ”tina kako bi taj izazov postao ustaljena praksa.Modern rehabilitation is holistically oriented, it includes medical, psychological and social dimension and is based on teamwork. Restitution activities, social participation and raising the quality of life in patients with acute/chronic health problem are impossible to achieve by the action of only one profession. The recommendation of the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) is the achievement of common goals of rehabilitation through an interdisciplinary approach, which represents a challenge when compared to the traditional approach. In order to optimize the effect of rehabilitation, it is necessary to consolidate a variety of medical and non-medical professions; specialized medical doctors, physical therapists, occupational therapists, nurses, prosthetists/orthotists in cooperation with psychologists, social workers and institutions that provide and approve the necessary medical care. In most European countries, interdisciplinary forms of work in rehabilitation are exclusively practiced, they are problem-oriented and focused on the patient, and economically beneficial for the health system. Despite the technical competence and knowledge of professionals in the rehabilitation team, there is a lack of adequate skills and attitude towards interdisciplinary work. As a result of poor communication, a different point of view on the role of the profession, hierarchy and cooperation in the team, as well as a lack of understanding or accepting professional competencies of other members, interdisciplinary approach is compromised. During the war, rehabilitation in Croatia gained momentum and the need for interdisciplinary work, and despite the lack of required professions and unfavorable paramedical factors, it changed strategic approach to holistic landmark. However, Croatia and its health care system are still in transition, with an evident lack of expert participants in rehabilitation. Literature suggests interdisciplinary form as the only form of work in contemporary rehabilitation, but practicing the same is in its essence a challenge. In order to transfer this challenge to the common practice, development of appropriate skills deserves a special place in academic education
Rehabilitation of lower limb amputees ā Guidelines for clinical work in Croatia
Rehabilitacija osoba s amputacijom donjih udova kompleksan je proces u kojem se osobi koja je doživjela gubitak uda pomaže da se, uz struÄnu podrÅ”ku, adaptira na protezu kao artificijelni nadomjestak izgubljenog dijela te da uz primjenu proteze postigne maksimalno moguÄu neovisnost u svim podruÄjima života, sa Å”to boljom kvalitetom življenja. Rehabilitacija obuhvaÄa razdoblje od amputacije, koja može biti posljedica ozljede ili bolesti, kroz postoperacijsku i predprotetiÄku fazu do protetiÄke faze rehabilitacije u kojoj se provodi protetiÄka opskrba, ali i kasniju fazu dugotrajnog praÄenja. Medicinsku rehabilitaciju nužno mora pratiti adekvatna psiholoÅ”ka i socijalna rehabilitacija, po biopsihosocijalnom modelu, kako bi se ostvario konaÄni cilj rehabilitacije, a to je uspjeÅ”na reintegracija osobe u život sa stilom koji je Å”to sliÄniji onom koji je prethodio amputaciji.
U radu su prezentirani uzroci i vrste amputacije, naÄela suvremene protetike i rehabilitacije osoba s amputacijom donjih udova tijekom predoperacijske, postoperacijske, predprotetiÄke i protetiÄke faze s ciljevima rehabilitacije u pojedinim fazama, naÄinima njihova ostvarivanja, kao i naÄelima psihosocijalne rehabilitacije. TakoÄer su prezentirani evaluacijski upitnici i naÄela MeÄunarodne klasifikacije funkcioniranja, onesposobljenosti i zdravlja (MKF) za procjenu rezultata rehabilitacije osoba s amputacijom donjih udova.The rehabilitation of the person with limb loss is a complex process and a period of training to learn how to function using the prosthesis, with the aim of being independent in all the activities of daily living, vocational and non-vocational activities. The final aim is to live oneās life the way the person used to live before the amputation. The article brings the causes and types of amputation, the principles underpinning contemporary amputation surgery, goals and principles of prosthetic restoration and rehabilitation for lower extremity during preoperative amd postoperative management, pre-prosthetic and prosthetic rehabilitation stages, clinical monitoring and follow up of prosthetically rehabilitated amputees as well the stage goals and manner of their attainment. Principles of evaluation of prosthetic rehabilitation outcomes in limb amputees which make use of appraisal questionnaires have been discussed as well
DIAGNOSIS AND CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF LOW BACK PAIN: REVIEW AND GUIDELINES OF THE CROATIAN VERTEBROLOGIC SOCIETY
Križobolja je vrlo Äesta, a troÅ”kovi skrbi za te bolesnike su visoki. LijeÄnici razliÄitih specijalnosti donijeli su smjernice za dijagnostiku i konzervativno lijeÄenje križobolje, Äija primjena treba dovesti do skrbi utemeljenoj na dokazima i boljeg ishoda. U dijagnostiÄkom postupniku kljuÄno je mjesto anamneze i kliniÄkog pregleda, a najvažnije je klasificirati bolesnike na one s nespecifiÄnom križoboljom, s križoboljama povezanima s radikulopatijom (radikularni sindrom) i križoboljom potencijalno povezanom sa suspektnom ili potvrÄenom ozbiljnom patologijom. Kako križobolja nije samo fiziÄki problem, u obzir treba uzeti i psihosocijalne Äimbenike, odnosno rano identificirati bolesnike koji Äe razviti kroniÄnu križobolju, jer to determinira odabir lijeÄenja. U ocjeni bolesnika s križoboljom treba nastojati koristiti validirane upitnike. U pristupu bolesniku s križoboljom korisno je primijeniti principe upravljanja sadržajem. NaÄelno, akutna i kroniÄna križobolja lijeÄe se razliÄito. Uz edukaciju, u bolesnika s akutnom križoboljom najvažniji su savjeti (napose da ostane aktivnim), primjena lijekova (ponajprije za kontrolu boli), te eventualno spinalna manipulacija i kratkotrajna primjena ortoza. Glavni cilj lijeÄenja bolesnika s kroniÄnom križoboljom je obnavljanje funkcije, pa i uz perzistiranje boli. Za kroniÄnu križobolju, uz edukaciju i primjenu lijekova, preporuÄuju se terapijske vježbe, fizikalna terapija, masaža, a u bolesnika s visokim stupnjem onesposobljenosti i intenzivni multidisciplinarni biopsihosocijalni pristup.Low back pain (LBP) is a very common condition with high costs of patient care. Medical doctors of various specialties from Croatia have brought an up-to-date review and guidelines for diagnosis and conservative treatment of low back pain, which should result in the application of evidence-based care and eventually better outcomes. As LBP is a multifactorial disease, it is often not possible to identify which factors may be responsible for the onset of LBP and to what extent they aggravate the patientās symptoms. In the diagnostic algorithm, patientās history and clinical examination have the key role. Furthermore, most important is to classify patients into those with nonspecific back pain, LBP associated with radiculopathy (radicular syndrome) and LBP potentially associated with suspected or confirmed severe pathology. Not solely a physical problem, LBP should be considered through psychosocial factors too. In that case, early identification of patients who will develop chronic back pain will be helpful because it determines the choice of treatment. In order to make proper assessment of a patient with LBP (i.e. pain, function), we should use validated questionnaires. Useful approach to a patient with LBP is to apply the principles of content management. Generally, acute and chronic LBP cases are treated differently. Besides providing education, in patients with acute back pain, advice seems to be crucial (especially to remain active), along with the use of drugs (primarily in terms of pain control), while in some patients spinal manipulation (performed by educated professional) or/and short-term use of lumbosacral orthotic devices can also be considered. The main goal of treating patients with chronic LBP is renewal of function, even in case of persistent pain. For chronic LBP, along with education and medical treatment, therapeutic exercise, physical therapy and massage are recommended, while in patients with a high level of disability intensive multidisciplinary biopsychosocial approach has proved to be effective
Smjernice za dijagnostiku i lijeÄenje bolesnika s vratoboljom ā 1. dio
Vratobolja je jedna od najÄeÅ”Äih miÅ”iÄnokoÅ”tanih bolesti koja rezultira znaÄajnom boli i nesposobnosti te ima velik utjecaj na individualnoj razini, kao i na zdravstveni sustav i druÅ”tvo u cjelini. Uzroci vratobolje su razliÄiti, a etioloÅ”ki prevladavaju oni mehaniÄki povezani s degenerativnim promjenama vratne kraljeÅ”nice. SvjedoÄimo raznim dijagnostiÄkim i terapijskim pristupima za ove bolesnike. Hrvatsko vertebroloÅ”ko druÅ”tvo Hrvatskoga lijeÄniÄkog zbora predstavlja sveobuhvatni narativni pregled i smjernice za dijagnozu i lijeÄenje bolesnika s vratoboljom, s naglaskom na najÄeÅ”Äe uzroke. Smjernice su rezultat konsenzusa struÄnjaka razliÄitih specijalnosti, a temelje se na najboljim dokazima. Ovaj prvi dio odnosi se na dijagnostiku, a drugi njemu komplementarni dio odnosi se na terapiju. DijagnostiÄki dio smjernica (1. dio) obuhvaÄa: kliniÄka obilježja i evaluaciju (ukljuÄivo strukturirane upitnike), laboratorijsku dijagnostiku, slikovne metode, neurofizioloÅ”ko testiranje i minimalno invazivne dijagnostiÄke postupke. Dio smjernica o lijeÄenju (2. dio) ukljuÄuje: farmakoloÅ”ko lijeÄenje, tjelesne medicinske vježbe, trakciju, manualnu terapiju, metode fizikalne terapije, primjenu ortoza, minimalno invazivne terapijske intervencije, kirurÅ”ko lijeÄenje, rehabilitaciju nakon kirurÅ”kih zahvata i psihijatrijski pristup. Ovo su prve hrvatske smjernice za vratobolju primarno namijenjene lijeÄniÄkoj profesionalnoj zajednici