7,011 research outputs found
Effect of cation size variance on spin and orbital order in Eu(LaY)VO
We have investigated the -ion ( = rare earth or Y) size variance effect
on spin/orbital order in Eu(LaY)VO. The
size variance disturbs one-dimensional orbital correlation in -type
spin/-type orbital ordered states and suppresses this spin/orbital order. In
contrast, it stabilizes the other spin/orbital order. The results of neutron
and resonant X-ray scattering denote that in the other ordered phase, the
spin/orbital patterns are -type/-type, respectively.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Rapid Communication in Physical
Review
Gravitational Radiation from a Naked Singularity -- Odd-Parity Perturbation --
It has been suggested that a naked singularity may be a good candidate for a
strong gravitational wave burster. The naked singularity occurs in the generic
collapse of an inhomogeneous dust ball. We study odd-parity mode of
gravitational waves from a naked singularity of the Lema\^{\i}tre-Tolman-Bondi
space-time. The wave equation for gravitational waves are solved by numerical
integration using the single null coordinate. The result is that the naked
singularity is not a strong source of the odd-parity gravitational radiation
although the metric perturbation grows in the central region. Therefore, the
Cauchy horizon in this space-time would be marginally stable against odd-parity
perturbations.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Prog. Theor. Phys. Final
version, with minor changes. Reference 13 adde
Can Gravitational Waves Prevent Inflation?
To investigate the cosmic no hair conjecture, we analyze numerically
1-dimensional plane symmetrical inhomogeneities due to gravitational waves in
vacuum spacetimes with a positive cosmological constant. Assuming periodic
gravitational pulse waves initially, we study the time evolution of those waves
and the nature of their collisions. As measures of inhomogeneity on each
hypersurface, we use the 3-dimensional Riemann invariant and the electric and magnetic parts of
the Weyl tensor. We find a temporal growth of the curvature in the waves'
collision region, but the overall expansion of the universe later overcomes
this effect. No singularity appears and the result is a ``no hair" de Sitter
spacetime. The waves we study have amplitudes between and widths between ,
where , the horizon scale of de Sitter spacetime. This
supports the cosmic no hair conjecture.Comment: LaTeX, 11 pages, 3 figures are available on request <To
[email protected] (Hisa-aki SHINKAI)>, WU-AP/29/9
Gravitational Radiation from a Naked Singularity. II - Even-Parity Perturbation -
A naked singularity occurs in the generic collapse of an inhomogeneous dust
ball. We study the even-parity mode of gravitational waves from a naked
singularity of the Lema\^{\i}tre-Tolman-Bondi spacetime. The wave equations for
gravitational waves are solved by numerical integration using the single null
coordinate. The result implies that the metric perturbation grows when it
approaches the Cauchy horizon and diverges there, although the naked
singularity is not a strong source of even-parity gravitational radiation.
Therefore, the Cauchy horizon in this spacetime should be unstable with respect
to linear even-parity perturbations.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, errors and typos corrected, final versio
STS Observations of Landau Levels at Graphite Surfaces
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements were made on surfaces of two
different kinds of graphite samples, Kish graphite and highly oriented
pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), at very low temperatures and in high magnetic
fields. We observed a series of peaks in the tunnel spectra, which grow with
increasing field, both at positive and negative bias voltages. These are
associated with Landau quantization of the quasi two-dimensional electrons and
holes in graphite in magnetic fields perpendicular to the basal plane. Almost
field independent Landau levels fixed near the Fermi energy, which are
characteristic of the graphite crystalline structure, were directly observed
for the first time. Calculations of the local density of states at the graphite
surfaces allow us to identify Kish graphite as bulk graphite and HOPG as
graphite with finite thickness effectively
Physical Processes in Naked Singularity Formation
Gravitational collapse is one of the most fruitful subjects in gravitational
physics. It is well known that singularity formation is inevitable in complete
gravitational collapse. It was conjectured that such a singularity should be
hidden by horizons if it is formed from generic initial data with physically
reasonable matter fields. Many possible counterexamples to this conjecture have
been proposed over the past three decades, although none of them has proved to
be sufficiently generic. In these examples, there appears a singularity that is
not hidden by horizons. This singularity is called a `naked singularity.' The
appearance of a naked singularity represents the formation of an observable
high-curvature, strong-gravity region. In this paper we review examples of
naked singularity formation and recent progress in research of observable
physical processes - gravitational radiation and quantum particle creation -
from a forming naked singularity.Comment: 76 pages, 25 figure file
Large-scale analysis of human alternative protein isoforms: pattern classification and correlation with subcellular localization signals
We investigated human alternative protein isoforms of >2600 genes based on full-length cDNA clones and SwissProt. We classified the isoforms and examined their co-occurrence for each gene. Further, we investigated potential relationships between these changes and differential subcellular localization. The two most abundant patterns were the one with different C-terminal regions and the one with an internal insertion, which together account for 43% of the total. Although changes of the N-terminal region are less common than those of the C-terminal region, extension of the C-terminal region is much less common than that of the N-terminal region, probably because of the difficulty of removing stop codons in one isoform. We also found that there are some frequently used combinations of co-occurrence in alternative isoforms. We interpret this as evidence that there is some structural relationship which produces a repertoire of isoformal patterns. Finally, many terminal changes are predicted to cause differential subcellular localization, especially in targeting either peroxisomes or mitochondria. Our study sheds new light on the enrichment of the human proteome through alternative splicing and related events. Our database of alternative protein isoforms is available through the internet
Two Boosted Black Holes in Asymptotically de Sitter Space-Time - Relation between Mass and Apparent Horizon Formation -
We study the apparent horizon for two boosted black holes in the
asymptotically de Sitter space-time by solving the initial data on a space with
punctures. We show that the apparent horizon enclosing both black holes is not
formed if the conserved mass of the system (Abbott-Deser mass) is larger than a
critical mass. The black hole with too large AD mass therefore cannot be formed
in the asymptotically de Sitter space-time even though each black hole has any
inward momentum. We also discuss the dynamical meaning of AD mass by examining
the electric part of the Weyl tensor (the tidal force) for various initial
data.Comment: 15 pages, accepted for publication in PR
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