Development and histogenesis of human foetal lung in relation with gestational age

Background:The objective was to study the development and histogenesis of human foetal lung in relation with different gestational age.Methods:In the present study lung specimens were collected from formalin fixed 27 aborted foetuses (14 male, 13 female) by abdominal dissection between 6 weeks to 40 weeks of gestational age.Results:In the present study we observed that there was a delay in the appearance of embryonic, pseudo glandular phase, canalicular, terminal saccular and alveolar stages of the lung.Conclusion:Delay in the developmental anatomy and histogenesis of the lung cells leads to histopathological abnormalities which gives knowledge to the clinicians during clinical procedures

MENCA experiment aboard India’s Mars Orbiter Mission

The Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) aboard the Indian Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) is a quadrupole mass spectrometer-based experiment. Making use of the highly elliptical and low inclination (~150°) orbit of MOM, MENCA will conduct in situ measurements of the composition and radial distribution of the Martian neutral exosphere in the 1–300 amu mass range in the equatorial and low latitudes of Mars. The functionality of MENCA has been tested during the Earth-bound and heliocentric phases of MOM before its operation in the Martian orbit. This article describes the scientific objectives, instrument details, design and development, test and evaluation, and calibration of the MENCA instrument

VARIATIONS IN THE ORIGIN OF PROFUNDA BRACHII ARTERY FROM BRACHIAL ARERTY

Objective: profunda brachii artery if a chief artery in anterior compartment of the arm for the nutritional source. During catheterization and harvesting of lateral flaps knowledge of variation in the origin and branching pattern helpful for the surgeon. Material and Methods:  During the routine dissection for the under medical graduates we found variations in the branching pattern of profunda brachii artery in Seventy two arms from 36 cadavers in the Department of Human Anatomy, Viswabharathi Medical College, Penchikalapadu, and Kurnool over a period of 5 years. We preserved all the variations carefully. Results: we observed profunda brachii artery in all the cadavers, and pattern of origin, branches and termination were recorded. In 96.9% cadavers artery raised from the brachial artery, in 1.4% from axillary artery and In 1.7% cadavers from a common stem with the superior ulnar collateral arteries. In 11.1% and 16.7% of the cadavers it showed duplication and early branching. Conclusion: In humeral fractures and brachial artery catheterization the incidence of duplication and early branching makes it vulnerable to inadvertent injury and may complicate lateral arm flaps. Preoperative angiographic evaluation is therefore recommended &nbsp

CONSUMPTION OF HYPERLIPIDEMIC DIET AND WATER INTAKE IN ALBINO RATS TREATED WITH ECLIPTA ALBA – ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER

Objective: A high-fat diet described as higher calories generating from fat instead of carbohydrate or protein. High fat usually diets a typical low-carbohydrate diet. Material and Methods: 30 adult Albino rats of Wistar strain accurately weighing between 165-215 grams utilized for the present the study. As per CPCSEA guidelines, the protocol was approved by the institutional animal ethical committee no. BMCH/IAEC/01 Anat/2015 dated 04/06/2015. Animals were maintained and fed with standard rat chow, High fat diet and clean drinking water adlibitum, commercially available and manufactured by the National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad. Results: Rate of  food consumption increased in rats fed with the HF diet for 8 weeks and decreased significantly in  rats treated with Eclipta alba for 1, 2 & 3 weeks progressively compared to control group. Water intake increased in the rats fed with an HF diet (43±2.1) compared to rats fed with a normal diet, decreased significantly in the rats treated with Eclipta alba (31±1.4) compared to the HF diet-fed animals. Conclusion: The Rate of food consumption increased in rats fed with the HF diet for 8 weeks and decreased significantly in rats treated with Eclipta alba for 1, 2 & 3 weeks progressively compared to control group. Water intake increased in the rats fed with an HF diet (compared to rats fed with a normal diet, decreased significantly in the rats treated with Eclipta alba compared to the HF diet-fed animals.     &nbsp

First report of Fusarium proliferatum causing wilt and root rot disease on wild accessions of pigeonpea from India

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) is the sixth most important legume crop in the world. India is the largest producer and consumer. Approximately 15–20% wild pigeonpea plants from three distinct genera (Cajanus spp., Rhynchosia spp. and Flemingia spp.) in the Research Farm of ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, India, during 2019–20 were visually affected by wilt and root rot symptoms at flowering and fruiting stage..

ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF ECLIPTA ALBA IN HIGH FAT DIET-INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC ALBINO RATS

Objective: The objective is to study the antihyperlipidemic activity of Eclipta alba in hyperlipidemic albino rats and the use of herbal plants and their parts such as seeds, berries, leaves, roots, barks, or flowers for the development of drugs for therapeutic purposes which have an effective role in recent years. Methods: A total of 30 adult albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 165–215 g were utilized. Animals were treated with high fat diet for 8 weeks followed by post-treatment of E. alba for 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks, respectively. After 12 h of fasting on the last day of experiment, serum blood samples were collected in EDTA vials and processed for biochemical analysis. Results: A significant decrease in levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides was noted on animals treated with E. alba compared to high fat diet animals. Treatment of hypercholesterolemic rats with E. alba showed a marked decrease of serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very LDL-cholesterol concentrations compared to the hypercholesterolemic rats. High fat diet feeding worsened the levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes, whereas the same markers were significantly improved by supplementation with E. alba compared to normal group. Conclusion: E. alba acts as antihyperlipidemic agent in hyperlipidemic conditions and helps for better health

Evaluation of promising lines of pigeonpea for resistance to wilt caused by Fusarium udum Butler

The present studies were undertaken at Research Farm, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh during kharif seasons of 2013–16, to identify the potential donor(s) for wilt. Thirty pigeonpea promising lines were evaluated for resistance against Fusarium wilt in the sick field and the same set of genotypes were subjected to rigorous screening under greenhouse conditions using standard technique. Among 30 lines, 18 genotypes showed resistant reaction, 7 were moderately resistant and 5 were susceptible under sick plot conditions at 180 days after sowing (DAS). When the same set of pigeonpea genotypes were subjected to greenhouse screening in pot conditions by standard technique, 17, 7 and 6 genotypes showed resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible respectively at 60 DAS. The resistance lines identified in this study have immense potential as donor for wilt resistance in further pigeonpea disease resistance breeding programme

Implications of failure criteria choices on the rapid concept design of composite grillage structures using multiobjective optimisation

Grillage topologies are commonly used in many composite structural applications to produce low mass designs that have a high stiffness. While composite failure criteria are being compared in many different simple structures, for example plates and tubes, literature must also compare more complicated applications, including grillages, as there are distinct differences in behaviour. This paper therefore performs analysis of grillage structures with more up to date failure criteria, taken from the world wide failure exercise, than previously investigated. The grillage theory selected is that of Navier theory with elastic equivalent properties due to its low computational expense for use with a genetic algorithm to optimise a composite structure. The results take an example from leisure boatbuilding showing the grillages produced from the different limit states, comparing the cost and mass. The final results show that the method allows a rapid analysis of grillages and that the selection of the limit state has an important effect on the optimised grillage topolog

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Not AvailableSeed traits present important breeding targets for enhancing grain yield and quality in various grain legume crops including pigeonpea. The present study reports significant genetic variation for six seed traits including seed length (SL), seed width (SW), seed thickness (ST), seed weight (SWT), electrical conductivity (EC) and water uptake (WU) among Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh acc. ICPL 20340 and Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars acc. ICP 15739 and an F2 population derived from this interspecific cross. Maximum phenotypic values recorded for the F2 population were higher than observed in the parent ICPL 20340 [F2 max vs ICPL 20340: SW (7.05 vs 5.38), ST (4.63 vs 4.51), EC (65.17 vs 9.72), WU (213.17 vs 109.5)], which suggested contribution of positive alleles from the wild parent, ICP 15739. Concurrently, to identify the QTL controlling these seed traits, we assayed two parents and 94 F2 individuals with 113 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In the F2 population, 98 of the 113 SSRs showed Mendelian segregation ratio 1:2:1, whereas significant deviations were observed for 15 SSRs with their χ2 values ranging between 6.26 and 20.62. A partial genetic linkage map comprising 83 SSR loci was constructed. QTL analysis identified 15 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for seed traits on four linkage groups i.e. LG01, LG02, LG04 and LG05. Phenotypic variations (PVs) explained by these QTL ranged from 4.4 (WU) to 19.91% (EC). These genomic regions contributing significantly towards observed variability of seed traits would serve as potential candidates for future research that aims to improve seed traits in pigeonpea.Not Availabl