Karyotype and inversion polymorphism of non-biting midge Chironomus aprilinus Meigen, 1818 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from the Central Caucasus

The set of inversion sequences and its frequency of Chironomus aprilinus Meigen, 1818 (Diptera: Chironomidae) on the Central Caucasus is low polymorphic. Probably endemic for populations of the Caucasus new sequence in arm A – apr A3 is described. This sequence differs from apr A1 by one simple inversion on the site 18ef6d-а5-42c-а. The previously established trend – the presence in the south of Russia and Kazakhstan heterozygous individuals apr G1.2 and fixation of apr G2 in the homozygous state are supported. The sequence apr G1 in population of the Caucasus is absent. The presence of polymorphism in arms A (present in European populations and absent in populations of Kazakhstan) and arm G (on the contrary, is present in populations of Kazakhstan and absent in European populations) can indicate on mediate position of population of the Caucasus between Western Europe and Kazakhstan

Internal organs morphology and tumors in laboratory rats with transplanted liver cancer PC-1 by oral intoduction containing extract of Gratiola (Gratiola Officinalis L.) and Anthocyan Maize (Zea Mays L.)

The purpose of the work is to study antitumor activity of flavonoid-containing extracts of anthocyan maize and gratiola in experiments in vivo and to estimate their effects on the internal organs, tumors and blood of rats with transplanted liver cancer PC-1. Materials and methods: Effect of extracts of anthocyan maize and gratiola has been studied in experiments in vivo in 30 laboratory rats with transplanted liver cancer PC-1 using morphological and biochemical methods. Results: It has been found that extract of gratiola received by a certain way has selective cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. Anthocyan maize extract reduces endogenous intoxication. Conclusion: These results open the prospect of further study of the extract of gratiola in various experimental models of cancer and anthocyan maize extract use may be developed as a means of endogenous intoxication reducing for application in the treatment of cancer. Investigation of anthocyan maize extract may assist in the development of drugs that reduce the endogenous intoxication at the treatment of cancer