Оценка декоративности представителей рода Crataegus L. в коллекции дендрария Главного ботанического сада им. Н.В. Цицина РАН и перспективы их использования в озеленении мегаполисов

This study was conducted to consider the issue of assessment the degree of decorative effect for the genus Crataegus L. in the collection of arboretum of the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Science (MBG RAS) as promising plants in green building. A comprehensive assessment of decorative effect for hawthorn plants has been carried out. A technique was used to evaluate the plants on 30 criteria, i.e. habitus of the plant; architectonics of the crown; bark color and texture; color, shape and size of the leaves; size of the flowers, color of the corolla and anther sacs; external appearance attractivity of the fruit, their size, shape and color. 20 species of Crataegus have received a broad comprehensive assessment of decorative value. The results of the study make it possible to recommend some representatives of the genus Crataegus with the best ornamental qualities for the use under conditions of metropolis. Among them there are 12 taxa: C. ambigua, C. crus-galli, C. horrida, C. laurentiana var. brunetiana, C. monogyna, C. orientobaltica, C. pinnatifida, C. punctata, C. songarica, C. submollis, C. turcomanica, C. wattiana. By using the given type species in green building it will increase the aesthetic quality of woody landscape plants and improve the architectural and artistic appearance of the metropolis.Рассмотрен вопрос оценки степени декоративности растений Crataegus в коллекции дендрария Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки «Главный ботанический сад имени Н.В. Цицина» Российской академии наук (ГБС РАН) в качестве перспективных растений для зеленого строительства. Проведена комплексная оценка декоративности боярышников. Использована методика, позволяющая оценить растения по 30 критериям, в том числе: по габитусу растения; архитектонике кроны; цвету и текстуре коры; окраске, форме и величине листьев; размеру цветков, окраске венчика и пыльников; привлекательности внешнего вида плодов, их размеру, форме и окраске. Широкую комплексную оценку декоративности получили 19 видов и одна разновидность рода Crataegus. Результаты исследования позволяют рекомендовать к использованию в условиях мегаполиса 12 таксонов Crataegus, обладающих наилучшими декоративными качествами: C. ambigua, C. crus-galli, C. horrida, C. laurentiana var. brunetiana, C. monogyna, C. orientobaltica, C. pinnatifida, C. punctata, C. songarica, C. submollis, C. turcomanica, C. wattiana. Использование в зеленом строительстве данных видов повысит эстетические качества древесной растительности и улучшит архитектурно-художественный облик мегаполиса

Total flavonoids in crataegus «Flowers with leaves» raw material of Russian Flora

The total flavonoid content of various species of Crataegus novel raw material- «flowers with leaves» was conducted to a comparative study in order to identify the possibility of co-harvesting material from different species. 27 samples of 6 pharmacopoeial and 7 nonpharmacopoeial Crataegus species obtained from the Biological Collections of VILAR, Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden RAS, Kuzbass, Penza and Stavropol Botanical Gardens, Altai Territory, Voronezh region, Kemerovo and Moscow harvested in Russian Federation were analyzed. Spectrophotometric assay based on aluminium complex formation was used for determination of total flavonoid expressed as hyperoside. The fractional composition of the raw material (percentage of leaves and stems) and its influence on the content of flavonoids was studied. The total flavonoids expressed as hyperoside of the raw material "flowers with leaves" of pharmacopoeial Crataegus species ranged from 1.40±0.05% (C. chlorocarpa) to 2.20±0.11% (C. monogyna), nonpharmacopeal species - from 1.21±0.11% (C. maximowiczii) to 2.21±0.09% (C. ambigua). The average quantity was 1.65%. The total flavonoid values of non-pharmacopoeial species raw material were comparable with pharmacopoeial species thus it allows to consider them promising for further study and use of their parts for medical purpose. © Altai State University. All rights reserved