Липосомальная форма десферала как эффективный противохламидийный агент

Des f eral is a free iron ions blocker used for heart attacks and strokes treatment for more than 30 years. In several in vitro studies it was also shown that desferal concentrations of 15–100 mM cause shortage of iron in Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis, affecting these bacteria growth and development. The main problems of this compound for treatment of chlamydia are its toxicity and low ability to pass through the cell membrane. In this research the in vitro toxicity and activity of desferal encapsulated in soybean phosphatidyl - choline liposomes were studied. It was demonstrated that the liposomal form of the chelator is less toxic and more active as compared to its solution.Десферал является блокатором ионов свободного железа, уже более 30 лет применяемым при лечении последствий инфарктов и инсультов. В нескольких исследованиях in vitro было также показано, что десферал в концентрациях 15–100 мкМ вызывает нехватку железа у Chlamydia pneumoniae и Chlamydia trachomatis, влияя на рост и развитие данных бактерий. Основными проблемами применения этого соединения для лечения хламидиоза является его токсичность и низкая способность к прохождению через клеточную мембрану. В настоящей работе десферал инкапсулировали в липосомы из соевого фосфатидилхолина и исследовали in vitro токсичность и активность полученной дисперсии. Было продемонстрировано, что липосомальная форма хелатора менее токсична и более активна по сравнению с его раствором

НАУЧНАЯ ШКОЛА АКАДЕМИКА В.И. ШВЕЦА: БИОНАНОФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ НАПРАВЛЕННОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ И ПОДГОТОВКА КАДРОВ

The results of many years of scientific research in the field of physico-chemical biology and its most important direction - lipidology, conducted by the leading scientific school under the leadership of Academician RAS Vitaly I. Shvets, are reported. On the creation of synthetic, biotechnological methods for obtaining lipids, with the possibility of their practical use by designing on this basis effective diagnostic and medicinal products and application in practical medicine. The further development and use of methods of bionanotechnology for the development of modern medicines for directed action on the basis of increasing the effectiveness of classical drugs by their incorporation into nanocontainers is described. It is reported on the development of technologies for obtaining nanoscale forms of drugs, the study of their pharmacological properties and use in medical practice. Information is provided on the preparation of liposomal antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-tuberculosis, cardiac preparations based on the proposed echnologies, the study of properties and the use for therapeutic purposes. The technologies for obtaining and conducting biological studies of nanoforms based on copolymers of lactic and glycolic acids of antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and a number of other drugs have been developed: It has been shown that the use of nanosized drugs can lead to a significant increase in the pharmacological effect due to various factors. It was noted that during the construction of the drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, the contents of liposomes loaded with dopamine pass through the blood-brain barrier almost 100 times better than individual dopamine molecules. Finding a substance in nanoparticles reduces its toxicity primarily due to the effect of "passive targeting". The prolonged action of medicinal substances enclosed in nanoparticles is discussed, due to their gradual release. It is noted that the targeted delivery of nanoparticles makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of the drugs by an order of magnitude. It is reported on the drug-delivery technology in the field of oncology and the use of the method of selective delivery of cytostatics to tumor tissues using the receptor-mediated endocytosis. Biological and pharmacological studies based on nanopoporous silicon on the creation of liposomal drugs for the treatment of cancer, cardiological pathologies, tuberculosis are carried out. Data on the work of the scientific and educational center for training specialists in the field of biotechnology and pharmacy are given.Сообщается о результатах многолетней научно-исследовательской работы в области физико-химической биологии и важнейшего ее направления - липидологии, проводимой ведущей научной школой под руководством академика РАН В.И. Швеца по созданию синтетических, биотехнологических методов получения липидов, с возможностью практического их использования путем конструирования на этой основе эффективных диагностических и лекарственных препаратов и применения в медицине. Описано дальнейшее развитие и использование методов бионанотехнологии для создания современных лекарственных средств направленного действия на базе повышения эффективности классических препаратов включением их в наноконтейнеры. Сообщается о разработке технологий получения наноразменых форм лекарственных препаратов, исследовании их фармакологических свойств и использовании в медицинской практике. Приводятся сведения о получении на основе предложенных технологий, изучении свойств и применении в лечебных целях липосомальных противоопухолевых, гепатопротекторных, противотуберкулезных, кардиологических препаратов. Созданы технологии получения и проведены биологические исследования наноформ на основе сополимеров молочной и гликолевой кислот противоопухолевых, противоинсультных, антибактериальных и ряда других препаратов. Показано, что использование наноразмерных лекарств может приводить к значительному увеличению фармакологического эффекта за счет разных факторов. Так, отмечается, что в процессе конструирования препарата для лечения болезни Паркинсона содержимое липосом, нагруженных дофамином, проходит через гематоэнцефалический барьер практически в 100 раз лучше, чем отдельные молекулы дофамина. Нахождение субстанции в наночастицах снижает ее токсичность прежде всего вследствие эффекта «пассивного нацеливания». Обсуждается пролонгированное действие лекарственных субстанций, заключенных в наночастицы, за счет их постепенного высвобождения. Отмечено, что адресная доставка наночастиц позволяет на порядок увеличить эффективность действия лекарств. Сообщается о технологии направленного транспорта лекарственных препаратов (drug-delivery) в области онкологии и об использовании метода избирательной доставки цитостатиков в опухолевые ткани с использованием рецептор-опосредованного эндоцитоза. Проводятся биологические и фармакологические исследования на основе нанопопористого кремния по созданию липосомальных лекарственных препаратов для лечения рака, кардиологических патологий, туберкулеза. Приведены данные о работе научно-образовательного центра по подготовке специалистов в области биотехнологии и фармации

Simultaneous Determination of Synthetic Food Dyes Using a Single Cartridge for Preconcentration and Separation Followed by Photometric Detection

A novel preconcentration/separation method for simultaneous sorption-spectrophotometric determination of anionic food dyes Sunset Yellow and Tartrazine is proposed. The method is based on preconcentration of the dyes using solid phase extraction on a cartridge filled with silica chemically modified with C16 groups from aqueous solution at pH 1 followed by elution with water/acetonitrile mixture containing 2 mmol·L−1 KH2PO4 adjusted to pH 3 with a step gradient of acetonitrile content. This elution allows quantitative separation of the dyes which makes their individual spectrophotometric determination possible. The detection limits for Tartrazine and Sunset Yellow are 0.15 and 0.11 μg·mL−1 and the linearity range is 2–20 μg·mL−1. The method is applied for analysis of beverages. The recovery of dyes is higher than 97% at the relative standard deviation not exceeding 10%

Liposomal form of desferal as an effective chlamidial agent

Des f eral is a free iron ions blocker used for heart attacks and strokes treatment for more than 30 years. In several in vitro studies it was also shown that desferal concentrations of 15–100 mM cause shortage of iron in Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis, affecting these bacteria growth and development. The main problems of this compound for treatment of chlamydia are its toxicity and low ability to pass through the cell membrane. In this research the in vitro toxicity and activity of desferal encapsulated in soybean phosphatidyl - choline liposomes were studied. It was demonstrated that the liposomal form of the chelator is less toxic and more active as compared to its solution

Evaluation of Discrimination Performance in Case for Multiple Non-Discriminated Samples: Classification of Honeys by Fluorescent Fingerprinting

In this study we develop a variant of fluorescent sensor array technique based on addition of fluorophores to samples. A correct choice of fluorophores is critical for the successful application of the technique, which calls for the necessity of comparing different discrimination protocols. We used 36 honey samples from different sources to which various fluorophores were added (tris-(2,2′-bipyridyl) dichlororuthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+), zinc(II) 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonate (8-Ox-Zn), and thiazole orange in the presence of two types of deoxyribonucleic acid). The fluorescence spectra were obtained within 400–600 nm and treated by principal component analysis (PCA). No fluorophore allowed for the discrimination of all samples. To evaluate the discrimination performance of fluorophores, we introduced crossing number (CrN) calculated as the number of mutual intersections of confidence ellipses in the PCA scores plots, and relative position (RP) characterized by the pairwise mutual location of group centers and their most distant points. CrN and RP parameters correlated with each other, with total sensitivity (TS) calculated by Mahalanobis distances, and with the overall rating based on all metrics, with coefficients of correlation over 0.7. Most of the considered parameters gave the first place in the discrimination performance to Ru(bpy)32+ fluorophore

SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF ACADEMICIAN VITALY I. SHVETS: BIONANOPHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGIES OF INNOVATIVE DIRECTED-ACTION MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS AND MANPOWER TRAINING

The results of many years of scientific research in the field of physico-chemical biology and its most important direction - lipidology, conducted by the leading scientific school under the leadership of Academician RAS Vitaly I. Shvets, are reported. On the creation of synthetic, biotechnological methods for obtaining lipids, with the possibility of their practical use by designing on this basis effective diagnostic and medicinal products and application in practical medicine. The further development and use of methods of bionanotechnology for the development of modern medicines for directed action on the basis of increasing the effectiveness of classical drugs by their incorporation into nanocontainers is described. It is reported on the development of technologies for obtaining nanoscale forms of drugs, the study of their pharmacological properties and use in medical practice. Information is provided on the preparation of liposomal antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-tuberculosis, cardiac preparations based on the proposed echnologies, the study of properties and the use for therapeutic purposes. The technologies for obtaining and conducting biological studies of nanoforms based on copolymers of lactic and glycolic acids of antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and a number of other drugs have been developed: It has been shown that the use of nanosized drugs can lead to a significant increase in the pharmacological effect due to various factors. It was noted that during the construction of the drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, the contents of liposomes loaded with dopamine pass through the blood-brain barrier almost 100 times better than individual dopamine molecules. Finding a substance in nanoparticles reduces its toxicity primarily due to the effect of "passive targeting". The prolonged action of medicinal substances enclosed in nanoparticles is discussed, due to their gradual release. It is noted that the targeted delivery of nanoparticles makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of the drugs by an order of magnitude. It is reported on the drug-delivery technology in the field of oncology and the use of the method of selective delivery of cytostatics to tumor tissues using the receptor-mediated endocytosis. Biological and pharmacological studies based on nanopoporous silicon on the creation of liposomal drugs for the treatment of cancer, cardiological pathologies, tuberculosis are carried out. Data on the work of the scientific and educational center for training specialists in the field of biotechnology and pharmacy are given