Use of an adsorbent and antioxidants to reduce the effects of leached phenolics in in vitro plantlet regeneration of faba bean

Development of a reliable in vitro regeneration protocol is necessary to facilitate genetic transformation of faba bean. However, leaching of phenolics from the explants of most genotypes of faba bean to theculture medium causes browning, and eventually kills the explants, hindering in vitro regeneration. This study is aimed to minimize the effect of phenolics and to identify the most suitable types of explants forin vitro regeneration. We pre-treated faba bean seeds in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), then cultured different types of explants on tissue culture media supplemented with an adsorbent (activated charcoal) and antioxidants (ascorbic acid, cysteine and silver nitrate). Our results showed that treating the over night soaked seed (after removing the seed coat) with PVP solution (1000 mg/l) for 1 h, followed by culturing in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS medium) with 3% (w/v) sucrose, 0.8% (w/v) agar, 2 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 2 mg/l thidiazuron, supplemented with ascorbic acid (1 mg/l) or activatedcharcoal (10 g/l), greatly reduced lethal browning in explants and improved shoot regeneration. The shoots rooted on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l -naphthaleneacetic acid. Thecotyledonary node is the most suitable type of explant for regeneration. Regenerated plantlets were successfully established in pots and set seeds in the green house

“Model of Cost teeming, Impact of Project Planning & Management in Residential Infrastructure Projects”

Irrespective of the industry, project management demands the understanding of several inter-related activities deciding success or failure of the projects. When it is the construction industry, implicit, extensive research to be carried as there are several factors including planning, execution, procurement, resources management, conflict management, legalities etc. have direct impact on the project’s cost. These factors being part dynamic environment where they interact technically & socially varying from industry to industry. Construction industry employs huge amount of varied resources with several in-built challenges, risk factors and idiopathic uncertainties. Limited amount of information is known at the initial stages of the project, which later demands the accurate evaluation of economic feasibilities of the project. Researcher ahs adopted Survey method where a structured interview schedule was administered to 40 residents who have bought/constructed residential property through developer from various background; educational qualification, occupations, purposes, industries etc. For the current study the sample units are the residents who have bought/constructed residential property through developers which constitute of 40 (Sample size) as researcher received only 40 completely filled questionnaires) (sample units) that are chosen randomly.  Researcher conducted research by administering a structured interview schedule which consists of attributes related to project planning, project management, cost factors and cost teeming aspects with demographics. The measurement scale adopted are dichotomous and multiple choice questions adopting nominal scales along with five point rating Likert scale measure the attitude of the clients. Thus collected dada is analyzed with help of simple descriptive statistics and regression analysis (Impact Model) tests to know the association

Assessment of knowledge and attitude of patients on herbal medicine use in Udupi region, Karnataka, India

Purpose: To determine the knowledge and attitude of patients on the usage of herbal medicines in Udupi Region of Karnataka State, India.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out over a period of six months, and involving a structured and validated questionnaire. It was conducted among patients who visited hospitals in and around the Udupi region of Karnataka, India.Results: About 37 % of the respondents of the study used a combination of allopathy and herbal medicines. The results further showed that 29.8 % of respondents used allopathy, while 24.5 % were on herbal medicines. Of the total herbal medicine users, 34.07 % of the respondents stated that the reason for using herbal medicines was their perception that herbal medicines had more efficacy and comparatively lower side effects. A majority of the respondents, i.e., 64.6 %, lacked knowledge on dose, duration of therapy, side effects and interactions of the drugs. Out of 226 respondents who used herbal medicine, only 65 (28.76 %) could identify adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Among these 65 patients who could identify ADRs, only 16 (24.62 %) informed the physician about it, while the remaining 49 (75.38 %) patients did not inform the physician about it.Conclusion: The results indicate a need to conduct educational and awareness programs by AYUSH, The Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy on herbal medicines and adverse drug reactions in order to minimize untoward effects caused by herbal medicines.Keywords: Ayurveda, Knowledge, Attitude, Patient, Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), Herbal medicine