Laser desorption in an ion trap mass spectrometer

Laser desorption in a ion-trap mass spectrometer shows significant promise for both qualitative and trace analysis. Several aspects of this methodology are discussed in this work. We previously demonstrated the generation of both negative and positive ions by laser desorption directly within a quadrupole ion trap. In the present work, we explore various combinations of d.c., r.f., and time-varying fields in order to optimize laser generated signals. In addition, we report on the application of this method to analyze samples containing compounds such as amines, metal complexes, carbon clusters, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. In some cases the ability to rapidly switch between positive and negative ion modes provides sufficient specificity to distinguish different compounds of a mixture with a single stage of mass spectrometry. In other experiments, we combined intensity variation studies with tandem mass spectrometry experiments and positive and negative ion detection to further enhance specificity

Resonant laser ablation: Mechanisms and applications

We report on aspects of resonant laser ablation (RLA) behavior for a number of sample types: metals, alloys, thin films, zeolites and soil. The versatility of RLA is demonstrated, with results on a variety of samples and in several mass spectrometers. In addition, the application to depth profiling of thin films is described; absolute removal rates and detection limits are also displayed. A discussion of possible mechanisms for low-power ablation is presented

Molybdenum solar neutrino experiment

The goal of the molybdenum solar neutrino experiment is to deduce the /sup 8/B solar neutrino flux, averaged over the past several million years, from the concentration of /sup 98/Tc in a deeply buried molybdenum deposit. The experiment is important to an understanding of stellar processes because it will shed light on the reason for the discrepancy between theory and observation of the chlorine solar neutrino experiment. Possible reasons for the discrepancy may lie in the properties of neutrinos (neutrino oscillations or massive neutrinos) or in deficiencies of the standard solar model. The chlorine experiment only measures the /sup 8/B neutrino flux in current times and does not address possible temporal variations in the interior of the sun, which are also not considered in the standard model. In the molybdenum experiment, we plan to measure /sup 98/Tc (4.2 Myr), also produced by /sup 8/B neutrinos, and possibly /sup 97/Tc (2.6 Myr), produced by lower energy neutrinos

Analysis of surfaces, films and multilayers by resonant laser ablation

In this manuscript we review briefly the history of Resonant Laser Ablation (RLA), and discuss some current ideas regarding sample preparation, laser parameters, and mechanisms. We also discuss current applications including spectral analysis of trace components, depth profiling of thin films and multilayer structures, and the use of RLA with the Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (ITMS)

Reaction of fluorine and chlorine atoms with formaldehyde and deutero-formaldehyde

The following reactions were studied by using infrared multiple photon dissociation to produce fluorine atoms, and infrared chemiluminescence to monitor the rate of reaction: Cl + H/sub 2/O ..-->.. HCl + HCO; F + H/sub 2/CO ..-->.. HF + HCO; Cl + D/sub 2/CO ..-->.. DCl + DCO; and F + D/sub 2/CO ..-->.. DF + DCO

Management of lamotrigine overdose using hemodialysis

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Lamotrigine [LTG] is primarily an anti-epileptic drug used to treat seizure disorders, depression, and bipolar disease. It is generally well tolerated with limited side effects reported during routine use. Adverse events after overdose include neurotoxicity in the form of sedation and seizure activity, as well as cardiopulmonary toxicity in the form of sodium-channel blockade and cardiovascular collapse. There is no consensus regarding the role of hemodialysis (HD) in management of lamotrigine toxicity. Based on pharmacological properties, LTG is a candidate for extracorporeal removal, however, the successful use of HD for the treatment of this poisoning is not well described. We report the case of a 44 year-old female after a LTG overdose that experienced prolonged sedation that was ultimately treated with HD with an excellent response

Resonant multiphoton ionization for the detection of technetium

Experiments were carried out to determine optimum wavelengths for the selective ionization of technetium and to estimate the ultimate sensitivity obtainable for resonant ionization mass spectrometry detection of Tc in real samples. Results indicated that the 3099 and 3098 A lines may be analytically useful. The rate of ion production by laser excitation using pulsed lasers and techniques for volatilization of the sample are discussed. (MCG

Resonance ionization mass spectrometry at Los Alamos National Laboratory

We present recent results on the application of resonance ionization mass spectrometry to the precision measurement of isotope ratios, particularly in the presence of isobaric interferences. Emphasis is placed on hardware developments having the potential to increase ionization efficiency

Resonant laser ablation ion trap mass spectrometry -- Recent applications for chemical analysis

Resonant Laser Ablation (RLA) is a useful ionization process for selectively producing gas phase ions from a solid sample. Recent use of RLA for mass spectrometry by this group and by others has produced a wealth of knowledge and useful analytical techniques. The method relies upon the focusing of modest intensity laser pulses ({le} 10{sup 7} W {center_dot} Cm{sup {minus}2}) upon a sample surface. A small quantity of material is vaporized, and atoms of desired analyte are subsequently ionized by (n + m) photon processes in the gas phase (where n = number of photons to a resonant transition and m = number of photons to exceed the ionization limit). The authors have been using (2 + 1) resonant ionization schemes for this work. Quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry is realizing a very prominent role in current mass spectrometric research. Ion traps are versatile, powerful and extremely sensitive mass spectrometers, capable of a variety of ionization modes, MS{sup n} type experiments, high mass ranges and high resolution, all for a fraction of the cost of other instrumentation with similar capabilities. Quadrupole ion traps are ideally suited to pulsed ionization sources such as laser ionization methods, since their normal operational method (Mass Selective Instability) relies upon the storage of ions from a finite ionization period followed by ejection and detection of these ions based upon their mass to charge ratios. The paper describes selective ionization for trace atomic analysis, selective reagent ion source for ion chemistry investigations, and the analysis of ``difficult`` environmental contaminants, i.e., TBP