Polynuclear copper(II) complexes with polydentate nanoligands on the basis of aminoderivatives of the hyperbranched polyesters

Coordinationally active polydentate nanoplatforms on the basis of amino-modified hyperbranched polyesters containing 7 terminal amino fragments are synthesized. Synthetic procedure is developed and polynuclear Cu(II) complexes with polyesteropolyamines are prepared. Their composition and stability of the complex forms in DMSO-water solutions are evaluated. It is found that all the compounds obtained exhibit biological activity with respect to the induced asparagine proteinase of Candida albicans. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011

Some aspects of comparing the operational properties of synchronous machines with a conventional and two mutually shifted excitation windings

A comparative analysis of the operational properties of traditional and two-valve synchronous machines with a rotor, having a reciprocating axis, excited from independent regulated DC sources, is generalized. On the basis of research, it has been shown that the use of a control quadrature excitation winding significantly improves the performance of synchronous machines at low costs for its manufacture. The authors have shown a significant improvement in the performance of machines with different operating modes based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies carried out on synchronous machines with a rotating axis of magnetic saturation, attached to various designs of quadrature excitation winding. It has been recognized that neglecting magnetic saturation in performance calculations for synchronous machines leads to significant estimation errors properties of the studied machine. In addition, the advantages of synchronous machines with sine-cosine field winding are shown. With an insignificant complication of the manufacturing technology, it opens the way to solving the problem of creating energy-saving turbine generators, which have a property that is very important for the practice of operation, i.e. an almost unchanged (sinusoidal) shape of the resulting magnetic field in the air gap of the machine within the allowable range of load variation under steady-state symmetric modes

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8–13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05–6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50–75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life. Funding Pfizer, Amgen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Sanofi–Aventis, Daiichi Sankyo, and Regeneron

First record of Lipoptena cervi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) among goats in Bulgaria

The investigation was conducted on 4,599 goats from eight breeds, naturally infected with ectopara-sitic insects. The visit to the farms was paid after the owners alarmed for signs of considerable dis-comfort and itching among the animals. Two of examined flocks turned out to be infected with Lipop-tena cervi (Linnaeus 1758) from the Hippoboscidae family, order Dipterа, also known as deer ked or deer fly. Complete morphological description of detected 34 flies was performed. The total body length of male specimens varied from 2.754 to 3.754 mm, and that of females: from 3.508 tо 4.500 mm. This is the first report about this insect species among goats in our country, which confirms the studies reporting expansion of its distribution area. The deer fly spread among this non-specific host incurs risk from emergence of new vector-borne diseases in men and animals