METHODS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL OF A UNIVERSITY GRADUATE

Purpose: The article presents the author's approach to assessing the human capital of a graduate of a regional university. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the problem of assessing of human capital is especially acute for pedagogy, since the contribution of education to the formation of human capital is one of the determining factors, and the contribution of pedagogy to the study of the pedagogical aspects of this phenomenon is extremely small. Methodology: The authors propose a methodology and technology for assessing human capital. In particular, it was proposed to use an integrated approach to the assessment of human capital of a graduate of a regional university, the essence of which is to add the absolute values of indicators of individual components of capital, and then based on the data calculate the relative indicator of the quality of human capital. Result: The result of training and the main goal of improving the quality of training of specialists at a regional university will be to ensure the minimum deviation of the level of the human capital of the graduate achieved during the period of study at the university, from the level of human capital established by regulatory requirements

RESEARCH OF THERMAL STATUS OF THREADING ZONE WITH THE HELP OF FULL FACTOR EXPERIMENT

Thermal processing zone status when threading in heatproof, high-strength and titanium alloys is a major problem in the general theory of metal cutting. Under other equal conditions temperature in the processing zone of these materials is higher than in cutting of carbon structural steels, as they have high strength and ductility, low thermal conductivity, that makes difficult the working conditions of the taps, increases the area of the tool contact with the workpiece, deteriorates lubrication and cooling of the cutting area because of the increased tendency of heatresistant materials for the curing. This causes an increase in the work and force of friction and as a consequence the rise of cutting temperature. Research of temperature state of the threaded coils formation zone with combined countersink tool-tap is one of the major challenges facing the authors of this work. When performing the work was used factorial experiment. The temperature in the cutting zone of the thread was determined by a built-in chromel-aluminum thermocouple with thermoelectrode cross-sectional area 0,23mm2 . Experiments were carried out using the apparatus of mathematical statistics. Studies have shown that the greatest impact on the temperature state of the cutting area has a tensile strength of the material. Effect of cutting speed in the studied variation range is relatively less noticeable. The explanation for this is a special scheme of cutting of combined countersink tap which allows significantly improve conditions in the cutting zone. The proposed design of the tap allows to reduce the temperature in the area of tapping for 20%

Association of angiotensinogen and angiotensin II receptor type I polymorphisms with biomarkers of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in Dagestan residents with type 2 diabetes and hypertension

Aim. To study the associations of angiotensinogen (AGT) (s4762(С521Т), rs699(Т704C)) and angiotensin II receptor type I (AGTR1) (rs5186(A1166C)) genetic polymorphisms with serum levels of insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, leptin, as well as with dyslipidemia and glycemic levels in Dagestan residents with combination of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension (HTN), as well as with isolated T2D/HTN.Material and methods. We examined 16 patients with isolated T2D, 59 patients with T2D+HTN and 51 patients with isolated HTN from Dagestan. Genetic polymorphisms of the AGT and AGTR1 genes were studied. The levels of insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, and leptin were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while lipid and carbohydrate metabolism — by biochemical methods.Results. In patients with T2D, the association of CC genotype of AGT gene rs4762(С521Т) polymorphism with a leptin decrease was determined, while its CT genotype was associated with an increase in serum level of triglycerides. The TC genotype of AGT gene rs699(Т704C) polymorphism was associated with an increase in leptin, triglyceride and glucose levels. The AA genotype of AGTR1 gene rs5186(A1166C) polymorphism was associated with an increase in insulin and glucose levels, as well as a decrease in leptin level. In patients with a combination of T2D and HTN, CC and CT genotypes of AGT gene rs4762(С521Т) polymorphism was associated with a decrease in glucagon level. The TT genotype of AGT gene rs699(Т704C) polymorphism was associated with an increase in insulin, triglyceride, glucose and body mass index (BMI) levels. In isolated HTN, the CC and CT genotypes of AGT gene rs4762(С521Т) polymorphism were associated ith a decrease in glucagon level. The TT genotype of AGT gene rs699(Т704C) polymorphism was associated with increased levels of insulin, low density lipoproteins, and BMI.Conclusion. Associations of AGT (s4762(С521Т), rs699(Т704C)) and AGTR1 (rs5186(A1166C)) genetic polymorphisms with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism changes are an important pathogenetic link of T2D and HTN, which allows developing an individual prognosis of these diseases in Dagestan residents

Genetic polymorphism of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in type 2 diabetes and in combination with arterial hypertension among Dagestan inhabitants

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes and arterial hypertension are frequent comorbidities under which activation the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is important pathogenetic link. The functional state of the RAAS is genetically determined. Genetic polymorphisms of the RAAS system associated with the development of both type 2 diabetes and arterial hypertension have been identified and mapped. Associations of polymorphic variants of the RAAS genes with type 2 diabetes and arterial hypertension among the inhabitants of Dagestan have not been studied. AIM: Studying the association of the most relevant polymorphic variants of the C521T and T704C AGT gene, as well as the A1166C AGTR1 gene with type 2 diabetes and when combining type 2 diabetes with arterial hypertension among Dagestan inhabitants. METHODS: We examined 16 patients with type 2 diabetes, 59 patients with type 2 diabetes combined with arterial hypertension and 51 patients with arterial hypertension, all residents of Dagestan. The control group included 47 healthy persons of the same age group. SNP polymorphisms were investigated by the method of allele-specific Real-Time PCR. The C521T and T704C polymorphisms of the AGT gene and the A1166C polymorphism of the AGTR1 gene were studied. RESULTS: In the group of patients with a combination type 2 diabetes with arterial hypertension, the genotype CT of the C521T polymorphism of the AGT gene is less common compared to the control (23% vs. 43%, χ2 = 3,868, p = 0,049), OR score – 0,4 (0,2-0,9 ). The situation is similar with the TC genotype of the T704C polymorphism of the AGT gene (39% versus 61%, χ2 = 4,282, p = 0,039). OR was 0,4 (0,2–0,8).On the contrary, in the same patients, but the carriers of the homozygous CC genotype of the T704C polymorphism of the AGT gene, OR exceeded one and made 2.5 (1.02-5.9), the frequency of occurrence was 42% vs. 23%, χ2 = 3,363, p = 0,05. The frequency of the mutant allele C of the A1166C polymorphism of the AGTR1 gene in patients with arterial hypertension alone was 31% vs. 14%, χ2 = 5.496, p = 0,019, OR – 2,5 (1,2-5,0). The frequency of the wild allele A in these same patients was 69% versus 84%, χ2 = 5,496, p = 0,019, OR – 0,4 (0,2-0,8). A similar situation is determined with the AA genotype (52% versus 73%, χ2 = 3,609, p = 0,05), OR = 0,4 (0,1-0,9). CONCLUSIONS: The association of the C521T and T704C polymorphisms, as well as the A1166C candidate genes AGT and AGTR1 with type 2 diabetes and arterial hypertension, is an important component in assessing the susceptibility to the development of these diseases in Dagestan residents

Efficiency of treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux with proton pump inhibitors depending on the <i>CYP2C19</i> polymorphism

Introduction. A treatment for LFR for many years, the superiority of PPIs over placebos is still controversial. Of particular clinical importance is the metabolic rate of PPIs in hepatocytes using the cytochrome P450 system with the participation of the isoenzyme CYP2C19 and partially CYP3A4Аim. We set a goal to study the efficacy of omeprazole 20 mg in the treatment of LFR symptoms without esophageal syndrome in patients with gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), depending on the polymorphism of the CYP2C19 genotype.Мaterials and мethods. After the exclusion criteria, 100 people took part in the study, 94 people completed the study.Results. According to the results, 26.6% of patients in the study group (residents of the Moscow region) with LFR symptoms without esophageal syndrome belong to fast metabolizers of CYP2C19, 4.2% to ultrafast metabolizers, 52.1% to normal metabolizers, 16% to intermediate metabolizers and 1.1% to slow CYP2C19.Conclusions. In patients with a rapid metabolism, within 1 month after discontinuation of omeprazole, it is necessary to increase the amount of omeprazole 20 mg intake up to 2 times a day in the morning and in the evening and reduce the duration of treatment to 6 weeks

Real World Effectiveness of fixed combination of glargine 100 U/ml and lixisenatide therapy in outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study SOLO

Background: The effectiveness and safety of a fixed combination of insulin glargine 100 ME/ml and lixisenatide for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been demonstrated in randomized clinical trials, but there are still not enough data of it`s usage of it real clinical practice.Aim: To describe the baseline characteristics of patients with T2DM who started treatment with a fixed ratio combination of insulin glargine 100 ME/ml and lixisenatide in the period from November 2018 to July 2020, and to evaluate the effectiveness of using fixed combination of insulin glargine 100 ME/ml and lixisenatide in for 6–12 months of therapy in a real outpatient practice.Materials and methods: SOLO was a retrospective cohort multicentre study conducted in Russia, Moscow. Adults (≥18 years) with T2DM and HbA1c≥7% in case of availability of medical records during ≥180 days before and ≥1 HbA1c level during 150–210 days after start of treatment with Soliqua SoloStar® were eligible.Results: A total of 383 people with T2DM were included. Baseline characteristics were the following (mean±SD): age 59.9±8.3 years; BMI 36.4±6.3 kg/m2; proportion of patients with BMI≥35 kg/m2 — 52.2%; HbA1c 9.14±1.08%. 65% of patients received oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) before start of treatment with fixed combination of insulin glargine 100 ME/ml and lixisenatide ; 31.3% of patients were switched from combination of OAD with basal insulin, 1.04% of patients received other therapy (GLP-1 RA, basal-bolus insulin treatment, basal insulin monotherapy), and 2.61% of patients did not receive any hypoglycemic therapy. HbA1c level was 7.78±0.8% after 6 months of treatment and 7.4±0.61% after 12 months. There was a significant decrease of body weight from the baseline value 101.62±20.64 kg by 1.96±4.03 kg at month 6 and by 3.13±4.71 kg at month 12 (p&lt;0.001) Overall, 4 patients (1.04%) reported symptomatic hypoglycemia (glycemia ≤3.9 mmol/L); no episodes of severe hypoglycemia were registered.Conclusion: In a real-life setting in Russia, initiation of a fixed combination of insulin glargine 100 ME/ ml and lixisenatide in people with T2DM uncontrolled on OADs or combination of OADs with basal insulin resulted resulted in an improved glycemic control and body weight change with low risk of hypoglycemia compared to baselin

Modern principles oftreatment of vaginal dysbiosisin women with uterine Myoma

According to world statistics, about 30% of women are subjected to surgery on the genitals, and 1 place is occupied by surgery for uterine fibroids. In the study of biocenosis of the vagina and cervical canal in 67% of women with uterine fibroids in the vaginal discharge revealed a pattern of bacterial vaginosis. To date, the issue of complex treatment of vaginal dysbiosis in patients with uterine myoma remains relevant and insufficiently studied. The frequency of pyo-inflammatory postoperative diseases is increased in women with all types of vaginal microcenosis. Considering that operations concerning uterine fibroids take the first place among gynecologic operations, it is necessary to carry out complex treatment of a dysbacteriosis of a vagina which leads to postoperative complications.Согласно мировой статистике, около 30% женщин подвергаются хирургическим вмешательствам на половых органах, причем 1 место занимают операции по поводу миомы матки. При изучении биоценоза влагалища и цервикального канала у 67% женщин с миомой матки во влагалищном отделяемом выявлена картина бактериального вагиноза. На сегодняшний день остается актуальным и недостаточно изученным вопрос о комплексном лечении дисбактериоза влагалища у больных с миомой матки. Частота гнойно-воспалительных послеоперационных заболеваний повышена у женщин со всеми видами нарушения влагалищного микроциноза. Учитывая то, что операции по поводу миомы матки занимают первое место среди гинекологических операций, необходимо проводить комплексное лечение дисбактериоза влагалища, который приводит к послеоперационным осложнениям

Features of the demographic situation in the Republic of Dagestan (2002-2012)

The subject of the study: demographic indicators in the Republic of Dagestan (RD) from 2002 to 2012. Topic of the research: dynamics and structure of the demographic data in RD and Russian Federation (RF). Objective: comprehensive analysis of the geographical features of RD, dynamics and structure of the demographic data in RD and RF from 2002 to 2012; detection features of demographic situation in RD in comparison to RF. Methodology: study of the indicators of the total population, its structure by age, sex, place of residence, including women and children; total death rate, birth rate, natality in the dynamics of RD in comparison to RF. Results: demographic situation in RD is characterized by high rate of natality due to the high level of growing birthrate, which is steady exceeding the index in RF more than 1,5 times while there is low index of death rate, that is progressively decreases and remains lower than in RF not less than 2,4 times; by increasing index of natality from 2005 to 2012, that reached level of 13,4 per 1000 population in 2012, this index is higher than in RF (0 per 1000); by a high proportion of rural population, that is higher than in RF more than 2 times (55,4% and 26% respectively); by high proportion of women of childbearing age (56,3% of the total female population), most of them live in the countryside (55%), by a high proportion of child population (0-14 years old), which is higher thatT in RF 1,6 times, that represents 24,9% and 15,5% respectively and with an equal index of working population proportion (62,2% and 36,2% respectively) indicates a high demographic and socio­economic burden on the working population in RD. Range of application of the results: when forming programs for optimizing the structure of health care in RD and in other subjects of RF; when forming territorial programs of Government guarantees of health care in RD and in other subjects of RF. Findings: integrated assessment of geographical features, transport connection, demographical situation features in the region, a detailed study of the reasons why the death rate of population is higher than average index in the RF, should be considered when planning structure and volume of medical care in the region.Предмет исследования: демографические показатели Республики Дагестан (РД) 2002-2012гг. Тема исследования: динамика и структура демографических показателей РД и Российской Федерации (РФ). Цель работы: анализ географических особенностей, динамики и структуры демографических показателей РД в период 2002-2012гг. в сравнении с РФ, выявление особенностей демографической ситуации в РД. Методология: изучение показателей общей численности населения РД, ее структуры по возрасту, полу, месту жительства, в т.ч. женского и детского; общей смертности населения, рождаемости, естественного прироста в динамике в сравнении с РФ. Результаты: демографическая ситуация в РД характеризуется: высоким темпом естественного прироста населения за счет высокого растущего уровня рождаемости, стабильно превышающего показатель в РФ более, чем в 1,5 раза на фоне низкого показателя общей смертности населения, который прогрессивно снижаясь, остается ниже, чем в РФ не менее, чем в 2,4 раза; увеличением показателя естественного прироста населения в 2005- 2012гг. на 58% с достижением в 2012г. уровня 13,4на 1000 населения, что выше, чем в РФ(0 на 1000 населения); высокой долей сельского населения, превышающей показатель в РФ более, чем в 2 раза (55,4% и 26% соответственно);высокой долей женщин детородного возраста (56,3 % от общей численности женского населения), большая часть которых проживает в сельской местности (55%);высокой долей детского населения (0-14 лет), превышающей показатель в РФ в 1,6 раза, что составляет 24,9% и 15,5% соответственно и при равном показателе доли трудоспособного населения (62,2% и63,2% соответственно), свидетельствует о высокой демографической и социально-экономической нагрузке на трудоспособное население РД. Область применения результатов: при формировании Программ оптимизации структуры оказания медицинской помощи в РД и других субъектах РФ; при формировании территориальных программ Государственных гарантий оказания медицинской помощи в РД и других субъектах РФ. Выводы: комплексная оценка географических особенностей, транспортного сообщения, особенностей демографической ситуации в регионе, детальное изучение причин, по которым показатели смертности населения превышают общероссийские показатели, необходимо учитывать при планировании структуры и объемов медицинской помощи в регионе

The clinical case of limb-girdle muscle dystrophy 2Q associated with myasthenic syndrome and lung damage

Limb-girdle muscle dystrophy 2Q is one of the rarest forms of plectinopathies and is represented by an isolated muscular dystrophic syndrome, according to two previously described literature reports. There are five forms of plectinopathies, including limb-girdle muscle dystrophy 2Q, are caused by mutations in the PLEC gene, the alternative splicing of which determines the synthesis of 9 isoforms of the plectin protein (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 3) performing cytolinker function in the neuronal, epithelial and muscle tissue.The article describes the family observation of three sick siblings with the limb-girdle muscle dystrophy 2Q phenotype due to the presence of a new homozygous mutation (NM_201378.3:c.58G&gt;T, NP_958780.1:p.Glu20Ter) in the isoform 1f PLEC revealed by whole-exome sequencing. Clinical, electromyography, visualization and histopathological features of limb-girdle muscle dystrophy 2Q were analyzed in detail. The onset of clinical manifestations in all the described siblings was observed in early childhood with moderate weakness mainly in the pelvic girdle muscles and proximal lower limbs with minimal involvement of the muscles of the shoulder girdle. A distinctive aspect is the stagnation of the myodystrophic process until 20—21 years, followed by the progression and development of episodes of respiratory failure, as well as the formation of rigidity of the cervical, thoracic spine and moderate contracture of the Achilles tendons. Typical features are marked atrophy of paravertebral muscles with the formation of pterygoid scapula and the presence of hypertrophy m. gastrocnemius, m. quadriceps femoris, m. deltoideus and m. triceps brachii. Histopathological examination m. vastus lateralis revealed myodystrophic process without inflammatory infiltration, muscle fiber cytoskeleton disorganization resulted from the plectin loss.Electrocardiography signs of the early repolarization syndrome, focal cardiosclerosis and sinus tachycardia are described. For the first time, involvement in the pathological process of pulmonary tissue in the form of noninfectious bronchiolitis, atelectasis, and the development of the myasthenic syndrome causing episodes of respiratory failure resulted in the death of two described siblings aged 29 and 31 years. Discussed pathogenetic role of PLEC 1f isoform in the development of described syndromes, expands understanding of rare nosology limb-girdle muscle dystrophy 2Q