203 research outputs found
How weather-proof is the construction sector? : empirical evidence from Germany
With the purpose to reduce winter unemployment and to promote all-season employment in the constructions sector, Germany maintains an extensive bad weather allowance system. Since the mid 1990s, these regulations have been subject to several reforms that resemble the range of approaches for employment promotion which can be found in other European countries. We analyse the effect of these reforms on individual unemployment risks using large individual administrative data merged with information about local weather conditions and the business cycle. We find a weaker direct link between seasonal layoffs and actual weather than broadly assumed, since most of the layoffs take place at fixed dates. The reforms under consideration have economically plausible effects; Regulations that limit an employer's financial burden reduce transitions to unemployment and render it less weather-dependent
Sailing into a dilemma : an economic and legal analysis of an EU trading scheme for maritime emissions
On the basis of a joint economic and legal analysis, we evaluate the effects of a “regional” (European)
emission trading scheme aiming at reducing emissions of international shipping. The focus lies on the
question which share of emissions from maritime transport activities to and from the EU can and
should be included in such a system. Our findings suggest that the attempt to implement an EU
maritime ETS runs into a dilemma. It is not possible to design a system that achieves emission
reductions in a cost efficient manner and is compatible with international law
Employment Effects of Different Innovation Activities: Microeconometric Evidence
Using the model recently developed by Jaumandreu (2003) this paper reports new results on the relationship between innovation and employment growth in Germany. The model is tailor-made for analysing firm-level employment effects of innovations using specific information provided by CIS data. It establishes a theoretical link between employment growth and innovation output. The econometric analysis confirms that product innovations have a positive impact on employment. In contrast to previous studies, this effect is independent of the novelty degree. Moreover, different employment effects between manufacturing and service firms regarding process innovations were found. Finally, from a cross country perspective the results for Germany are similar to those found for Spain and the UK
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