The Features of West Nile Fever Epidemiological Situation in the World and Russia in 2013 and Prognosis of Its Development in 2014

Epidemiological situation on West Nile Fever (WNF) in Europe in 2013 was characterized by a notable rise of morbidity rate primarily due to the outbreak of WNF in Serbia (302 cases registered). In the North America, in the United States and Canada, WNF manifestations in 2013 were characterized by the lower intensity compared to previous epidemic season. 192 cases were registered in 16 constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2013. It was revealed, that genotype 2 West Nile Virus (WNV) circulated in the territory of the Volgograd and Saratov regions, the same as in Serbia, Greece and Italy, and genotype 1 WNV in the Astrakhan region. According to the data obtained from the Reference Center for monitoring over WNV pathogen, WNV markers were detected in the territory of 61 constituent entities of the Russian Federation throughout the period of observation in 1999-2013 which testified to the existence of potential risk of human exposure during epidemic season in most of the parts of country. According to Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring forecast, climatic conditions in Russia for the next 5-10 years will stick to global warming trend which will contribute to further spread of WNV onto the northern areas

Dissemination of the West Nile Fever in the Russian Federation and in the World in 2010

Presented are the results of epidemiological analysis of the West Nile fever morbidity in the Russian Federation and all over the world in 2010. In 2010 West Nile fever outbreaks took place in Volgograd, Rostov and Voronezh Regions. For the first time West Nile fever was detected in Chelyabinsk Region, Kalmyk Republic, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Krasnodar Territory and the Voronezh Region. The IInd genotype was determined in the process of genotyping of Volgograd and Rostov virus isolates. Analysis of West Nile fever morbidity in Europe in 2010 revealed that the genotypes of West Nile virus in the territory of Russia and in a number of European countries were similar. According to the retrospective and operative data it is determined that West Nile fever is endemic in the significant part of the territory of the Russian Federation. The absence of West Nile fever prophylaxis in the most part of the territory of the Russian Federation (training of the population, medical workers, preparation of the diagnostic means, working out of the treatment tactics and etc.) can lead to the significant social and economic losses in case of massive manifestations of this infection. Forecasting and assessment of the impact of future environment changes upon West Nile fever morbidity in the territory of the Russian Federation in the conditions of general trend of climate warming require studying of all the factors of virus-vector-person mechanism from the molecular to the population level by efforts of scientific and practical institutions of the Rospotrebnadzor

Epidemiological Monitoring of Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever Natural Focus in the Volgograd Region in 2000-2009

104 cases of Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF), including 9 lethal (8.6 %) were registered in the Volgograd Region in 2000-2009. Dynamics of human incidence and its association with the level of infection in the main carrier and vector - H. marginatum tick were demonstrated. The expansion of this species habitat resulted in the natural focus borders extension. The data presented in the article allowed to make a conclusion that persistent actively functioning natural focus of CHF had been formed in the territory of the Volgograd Region. The epicenter of this focus is situated in 2 South-Western regions - Kotelnikovsky and Oktyabrsky, - and with neighboring administrative territories and green belt of the Volgograd Southern regions being actively involved in the epidemic process