259 research outputs found
Microbiological removal of engine oils from natural water using plant-derived sorbents
The ongoing pollution of water resources with a variety of lubricating oils, the insufficiently developed methods of purification of natural and waste water poses the problem of finding ways to restore the natural qualities of the environment. The authors see a solution to this problem in the wide use of activity of individual associations of oil-oxidizing microorganisms (OOM) in combination with the plant-derived sorbents (buckwheat, oat, wheat and barley husk), which allows deep controlled oxidation of these contaminants down to CO2 and H2O. It was found that the multi-species OOM communities take more active part in biodegradation of mineral, semi-synthetic and synthetic oils, than those with the limited species composition. The growth, development and activity in the oil biodegradation is determined by the nature of the contamination. The population growth maxima lie between 5 and 14 days, and decrease to 2 to 6 hours under the influence of sorbents This affects the oil consumption amount, which is 1.7-3.5 times higher under the influence of the sorbents, and 3-7.2 times higher in the control. The first by the efficiency of water cleaning from lubricating oils by the association of nine species of OOM is barley husk, then buckwheat husk, then oat and wheat husk (laboratory experiment); barley, oat, buckwheat and wheat in field experiments (close to natural water bodies) with the particle size of 0.018 mm and 0.036 and at a concentration of 50 mg/l. An important factor in the intensification of water purification from oil with OOM is the introduction of sorbents (type, combination and ratio of the substrate to the bacteria) in the water body. It was found that the maximum purifying effect (32.2-45.4%) 9-12 days prior to the contact is achieved with the introduction of sorbents and OOM in an amount of 102Β·106-106Β·106 cells/ml, mixed together in the form of a suspension, in contaminated water. This allows achieving a uniform distribution of ingredients that positively affects the biotransformation processes of the contaminants. Upon spraying sorbents on the oil film surface we observe the formation of separate lumps, slowly decomposing and dispersing throughout the area. This negatively affects the immobilization of the OOM cells in sorbents and slows down the process of water purification
Optimization of industrial steam supply and steam-and-condensate farming of machine building enterprise
Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article studies efficient control methods of steam condensing economy of the machine building enterprise. There are recommendations about development of complex decisions based on indicators of energy, technical and economic efficiency
Effect of calcium doping on the anodic behavior of E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) conducting aluminum alloy in NaCl electrolyte medium
The design of new materials intended for operation under severe conditions faces the task of rendering the materials corrosion resistant. The practical solution of this task is interrelated with the knowledge of corrosion protection of metals and alloys. The use of conducting aluminum alloys for the manufacture of thin wire may encounter specific problems. This is caused by the insufficient strength of these alloys and a small number of kinks before fracture. Aluminum alloys have been developed in recent years which even in a soft state have strength characteristics that allow them to be used as a conductive material. The E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) aluminum alloy is a well-known conducting alloy. This alloy is a heat-strengthened one, possessing good plasticity and high strength. After appropriate heat treatment this alloy acquires high electrical conductivity. Wires made from this alloy are almost exclusively used for air transmission lines. This work presents data on the corrosion behavior of calcium containing E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) aluminum conducting alloy in 0.03, 0.3 and 3.0% NaCl electrolyte medium. The anodic behavior of the alloy has been studied using a potentiostatic technique with a PI-50-1.1 potentiostat at a 2 mV/s potential sweep rate. Calcium doping of the E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) aluminum alloy increases its corrosion resistance by 15β20%. The corrosion, pitting and repassivation potentials of calcium doped alloys shift toward the positive region. An increase in the sodium chloride electrolyte concentration leads to a decrease in these potentials
The influence of mineral fillers on mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride composites
The paper reports the investigation results of tensile stress-strain properties of filled PVC composite during static and low cycle testing. The distinctive features of composite mechanical behavior depending on the content of dispersed mineral fillers which are basically industrial waste are established. It is revealed that small filler additives have a strong influence on the structural behavior that manifest itself as their abnormal change depending on the filler content. The experimental data obtained are explained based on the modern ideas about structural morphological model of base polymer structure. Β© IDOSI Publications, 2013
Reactions of Chlorine Dioxide with Organic Compounds
Data on the reactivity of chlorine dioxide with organic compounds from various classes are summarized.
Early investigations of the reactions of chlorine dioxide were occurred in aqueous or predominantly aqueous
solutions in general, because it used in drinking water treatment and in industry as bleaching agent. However, chlorine dioxide was not used widely as reagent in organic synthesis. In last decades the number of publications on the studying interaction of the chlorine dioxide in organic medium increased. In table presented the rate constants reactions of chlorine dioxide with organic compounds published through 2004. Most of the rate constants were determined spectrophotometrically by decay kinetics of chlorine dioxide at 360 nm. Chlorine dioxide may be used for oxidation of organic compounds, because chlorine dioxide is enough reactive and selective as an oxidant with a wide range of organic compounds based on these reaction rate constants. But the application of chlorine dioxide as reagent in organic synthesis is restrained by the lack of data on the kinetics and mechanism of reactions involving chlorine dioxide, as well as data on the product yields and composition, temperature and solvent effects, and catalysts. The pathways of products formation and probable mechanisms of reactions are discussed in the review
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° AlTi0.1 Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° NaCl
Aluminum ranks as the fourth most conductive metal, trailing behind silver, copper, and gold in electrical conductivity. Annealed aluminum demonstrates an approximate 62 % conductivity of the International IACS compared to annealed standard copper, which registers 100 % IACS at t = 20 Β°C. Because to its low specific gravity, aluminum exhibits twice the conductivity per unit mass compared to copper, showcasing its potential economic advantage as a material for conducting electricity. For equal conductivity (in terms of length), an aluminum conductor exhibits a cross-sectional area 60 % larger than that of copper, while weighing only 48 % of copper's mass. However, the widespread use of aluminum as a conductor in electrical engineering is often challenging and sometimes unfeasible due to its inherent low mechanical strength. Enhancing this crucial property is achievable through the addition of dopants. However, this approach tends to elevate mechanical strength at the cost of noticeable reductions in electrical conductivity. This study investigates the impact of lithium addition on the anodic behavior of an A5 aluminum conductor alloy, specifically modified with 0.1 wt.% Ti (AlTi0.1 alloy), within a NaCl electrolyte environment. The experiments were conducted utilizing the potentiostatic method in potentiodynamic mode at a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s. Results indicate that the introduction of lithium to the AlTi0.1 alloy leads to a shift in the potentials of free corrosion, pitting, and repassivation towards positive values. Additionally, the corrosion rate decreases by 10β20 % with the incorporation of 0.01β0.50 wt.% Li. Moreover, varying concentrations of chloride ions in the NaCl electrolyte prompt fluctuations in the corrosion rate of the alloys and a shift in electrochemical potentials towards the negative range.Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ 4-Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ 62 % IACS ΠΎΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ t = 20 Β°C ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° 100 % IACS. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² 2 ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ (ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°) Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° 60 % Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΉ, Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ 48 % ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ. Π Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Ρ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π5, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 0,1 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% Ti (ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° AlTi0.1), Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° NaCl. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° 2 ΠΌΠ/Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π² AlTi0.1 ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 0,01β0,50 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% Li ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° 10β20 %. Π Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄-ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ NaCl ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° E-AlMgSi (Π°Π»Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉ), Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° NaCl
When creating new materials designed to work in particularly harsh conditions, the task of giving them corrosion resistance arises, the practical solution of which is associated with the level of knowledge in the field of high-temperature oxidation of metals and alloys. When using conductive aluminum alloys for the manufacture of thin wire, for example, winding wire, etc., certain difficulties may arise due to their insufficient strength and a small number of kinks before failure. In recent years, aluminum alloys have been developed, which even in a soft state have strength characteristics that allow them to be used as a conductor material. One of the conductive aluminum alloys is the E-AlMgSi alloy (Aldrey), which refers to thermally strengthened alloys. It is characterized by high strength and good ductility. This alloy under appropriate heat treatment acquires high electrical conductivity. The wires made from it are used almost exclusively for overhead power lines.The results of the study of the anodic behavior of the aluminum conductor alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) with calcium, in an electrolyte medium of 0.03; 0.3 and 3.0% NaCl are presented. Corrosion-electrochemical study of alloys was carried out by the potentiostatic method on the PI-5.0-1.1 potentiostat at a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s. It is shown that alloying the aluminum alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) with calcium increases its corrosion resistance by 20%. The potentials of corrosion, pitting and repassivation of alloys during doping with calcium are shifted to the positive range of values, and from the concentration of sodium chloride in the negative direction of the ordinate axis.ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
, Π²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π² E-AlMgSi (Π°Π»Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉ). ΠΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°ΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π² ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ.Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° E-AlMgSi (Π°Π»Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉ) Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° 0,03, 0,3 ΠΈ 3,0 % NaCl. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ-50-1.1 ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° 2 ΠΌΠ/Ρ. ΠΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° E-AlMgSi (Π°Π»Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉ) ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° 15β20β%. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠ― Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ7Π2 + 0,05%Sr, ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ
There was investigated by means of thermogravimetric method kinetics of oxidation of cutting alloy ΠΠ7Π2 + 0,05%Sr, germanium alloyed, in air at temperature 773, 798 and 823 K. There was identified that additives until 0,05 wt.% Ge will be reduced oxidation rate, as evidenced by increasing of value of apparent activation energy of oxidation process from 14,7 to 79,8 kJ/mol, which with increasing of Ge content until 1,0 wt.% again decreased to 25,2 kJ/mol. The value of actual velocity of oxidation is changed in the range (4,30Γ·6,00)Β·10β4 kg/(m2Β·c) depending on quantity of alloying component. In products of alloys oxidation together with Ξ³-Al2O3 looked up phases SiO2 and GeO2.Π’Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° ΠΠ7Π2 + 0,05%Sr, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π² Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
773, 798 ΠΈ 823 Π. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 0,05 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% Ge ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ 14,7 Π΄ΠΎ 79,8 ΠΊΠΠΆ/ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Ge Π΄ΠΎ 1,0 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎ 25,2 ΠΊΠΠΆ/ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
(4,30Γ·6,00)Β·10β4 ΠΊΠ³/(ΠΌ2Β·Ρ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ Ξ³-Al2O3 ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ SiO2 ΠΈ GeO2
ΠΠΠΠ―ΠΠΠ pH Π‘Π ΠΠΠ« ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠ Zn55Al, ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ
The anodic behavior of Zn55Al alloy doped with scandium has been studied. The scandium content dependence of the Zn55Al alloy corrosion potential shows the extreme character. The increase in the chloride ion concentration in the electrolyte reduces the corrosion potential. When doping element content grows in the alloys, pitting and repassivation potentials are shifted to the positive area, and when chloride ion concentration grows, the potentials are shifted to the negative area over the entire range of environment pH. Zn55Al alloy corrosion rate decreases 2β3 times in doping 0,005β0,05 wt.% scandium. Thus the alloys of such composition can be recommended as anode coating for corrosion protection of steel structures, components, and constructions.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° Zn55Al, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Sc ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄-ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°Ρ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ, Π° Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄-ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ ΡΠ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Zn55Al ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² 2β3 ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ Π² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ 0,005β0,05 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.% Sc, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Π’Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° ΠΠ1Π2, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
In the heat Β«coolingΒ» investigated the temperature dependence of the specific heat capacity and thermodynamic functions doped strontium alloy AK1Π2 in the range 298,15β900 K. Mathematical models are obtained that describe the change in these properties of alloys in the temperature range 298.15β900 K, as well as on the concentration of the doping component. It was found that with increasing temperature, specific heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy alloys increase, and the concentration up to 0.5 wt.% of the alloying element decreases. Gibbs energy values have an inverse relationship, i.e., temperature β decreases the content of alloying component β is up to 0.5 wt.% growing.Π ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Β«ΠΎΡ
Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ» ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° ΠΠ1Π2 Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ 298,15β900 Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ, Π° ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎ 0,5 % (ΠΌΠ°Ρ.) ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΈΠ±Π±ΡΠ° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ: Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ β ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, Π° Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎ 0,5 (ΠΌΠ°Ρ.) % β ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
- β¦