Factor proportions in the Italian economy

Caption titleAt head of title: Economics / 6. December 1, 1953. P.N. Rosenstein-RodanHandwritten on cover: C/53-9. 408Mimeographe

Contribution of atomic energy to a power program in India

Caption title"Economic Development Program, India Project.""L2-611"--handwritten on cove

Disgusted unemployment and under-employment in agriculture

Cover title"October 30, 1956.""Economic Development, Italy Project.""L2-407"--handwritten on coverIncludes bibliographical reference

Notes on the theory of the "big push"

Cover title"March, 1957."At head of title on cover: Economic Development Program. Italy ProjectTypescript (mimeograph copy)"L2-411"--handwritten on coverIncludes bibliographical reference

Equilibrium First-Order Melting and Second-Order Glass Transitions of the Vortex Matter in Bi2_2Sr2_2CaCu2_2O8_8

The thermodynamic $H-T$ phase diagram of Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$ was mapped by measuring local \emph{equilibrium} magnetization $M(H,T)$ in presence of vortex `shaking'. Two equally sharp first-order magnetization steps are revealed in a single temperature sweep, manifesting a liquid-solid-liquid sequence. In addition, a second-order glass transition line is revealed by a sharp break in the equilibrium $M(T)$ slope. The first- and second-order lines intersect at intermediate temperatures, suggesting the existence of four phases: Bragg glass and vortex crystal at low fields, glass and liquid at higher fields.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. Let

Electrical conductivity beyond linear response in layered superconductors under magnetic field

The time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau approach is used to investigate nonlinear response of a strongly type-II superconductor. The dissipation takes a form of the flux flow which is quantitatively studied beyond linear response. Thermal fluctuations, represented by the Langevin white noise, are assumed to be strong enough to melt the Abrikosov vortex lattice created by the magnetic field into a moving vortex liquid and marginalize the effects of the vortex pinning by inhomogeneities. The layered structure of the superconductor is accounted for by means of the Lawrence-Doniach model. The nonlinear interaction term in dynamics is treated within Gaussian approximation and we go beyond the often used lowest Landau level approximation to treat arbitrary magnetic fields. The I-V curve is calculated for arbitrary temperature and the results are compared to experimental data on high-$T_{c}$ superconductor YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$$.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

International aid for underdeveloped countries

"January, 1961.""Theoretical + general studies in economics"-handwritten on title-page"L2-1219"--handwritten on cove

Interplay of Anisotropy and Disorder in the Doping-Dependent Melting and Glass Transitions of Vortices in Bi2_2Sr2_2CaCu2_2O8+δ_{8+\delta}

We study the oxygen doping dependence of the equilibrium first-order melting and second-order glass transitions of vortices in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$. Doping affects both anisotropy and disorder. Anisotropy scaling is shown to collapse the melting lines only where thermal fluctuations are dominant. Yet, in the region where disorder breaks that scaling, the glass lines are still collapsed. A quantitative fit to melting and replica symmetry breaking lines of a 2D Ginzburg-Landau model further reveals that disorder amplitude weakens with doping, but to a lesser degree than thermal fluctuations, enhancing the relative role of disorder.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure