Isolasi Identifikasi Bakteri Penghasil Xilanase Serta Karakterisasi Enzimnya

Xylanase is an extracellular enzyme produced bymicroorganisms. This enzyme is able to hydrolise xylane(hemicellulose) to produce xylooligosaccharide and xylose.Thermoalkaliphilic xylanase is an agent that can be used asa substitute in the pulp whitening process instead of chlorine.A study was done to isolate, identificate of bacteria andcharacterize xylanase. The isolation of xylanase producingbacteria has been done from soil and waste of starch industry.Colonies which produced clearing zone were presumedas xylanolytic bacteria and chosen for further screening.Identification of potential isolate in xylanase production wasdone using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Isolate Bacilluspumilus RXA-III5 originated from lime or alkaline soil wasmore potential isolate in xylanase production than other 24isolates. Precipitation of xylanase, that was done usingammonium sulphate followed by dialyzes produced xylanaseof a higher specific activity (267.1 U.mg-1) than that usingacetone (131.1 U.mg-1) and ethanol (186.65 U.mg-1). Xylanasewas done at purification produced three fractions of xylanase.Xylanase characteristics consist of pH and temperature(9 and 50oC), Km and Vmaks value 6 mg.ml-1 and 0.2mol.minute-1, respectively. The Fe2+ was the strongest activetorand Mg2+ was the strongest inhibitor activity. This enzymewas detected as a cellulose-free xylanase. Xylanase is aprospective agent for bio-bleaching of paper

KARAKTERISASI GEN PENYANDI PEDIOSIN PAF-11 PADA Pediococcus Acidilactici F-11 [Characterization of the Pediocin PaF-11 Encoding Gene in Pediococcus Acidilactici F-11]

Pediocin PaF-11 is a ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptide produced by Pediococcus acidilactici F-11. The objectives of this research is to find out the location and the nucleotide sequence of gene, which is involved in the production of pediocin PaF-11. Results showed that the pediocin PaF-11 from the cured cell of P. acidilactici F-11 loss the activity, suggested that the pediocin PaF-11 gene was carried in the plasmid. Agarose gel electrophoresis of P. acidilactici F-11 plasmid DNA with marker λDNA/HindIII showed that pediocin PaF-11 gene was carried in 12 kb plasmid. Amplification pediocin PaF-11 gene from P. acidilactici F-11 showed that uncured P.acidilactici F-11 culture contain plasmid DNA, indicated by amplification of the papA gene (256 bp). Cured P. acidilactici F-11 culture, plasmid eliminated, indicted by no aplicon DNA detected. This result also suggested that pediocin PaF-11 gene in P. acidilactici F-11 was carried in plasmid. Nucleotide of pediocin PaF-11 encoding gene was sequenced The alignment of that nucleotide sequence showed that pediocin PaF-11 encoding gene have the same sequence with pediocin PA.1 encoding gene in P. acidilactici PAC1.0 and P. acidilactici K10 and pediocin AcH encoding gene in P. acidilactici LB 42-923 and P .parvulus ATO77, and pediocin CP2 in P. acidilactici MTCC 5101

Optimasi Waktu Fermentasi Produksi Bioetanol Dari Dedak Sorghum Manis (Sorghum Bicolor L) Melalui Proses Enzimatis

Salah satu energi baru terbarukan (EBT) yang potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah penggunaan bioetanol. Bioetanol merupakan salah satu EBT yang banyak dipertimbangkan sebagai bahan bakar pensubtitusi minyak bumi. Sorgum merupakan tanaman yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku untuk produksi bioetanol. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk memperoleh konsentrasi enzim terbaik saat hidrolisis dan waktu fermentasi yang optimum pada produksi bioetanol dari dedak sorgum manis. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian, Bogor pada bulan Januari-Mei 2016. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan meliputi dedak sorgum manis, enzim amilase, enzim glukoamilase dan Saccharomyces cereviseae. Pada penelitian ini terdapat tiga tahapan kegiatan, yang meliputi: 1). Karakteristik bahan baku, 2). Optimasi hidrolisis enzimatis terhadap produksi gula dari dedak sorgum 3). Optimasi pengaruh perlakuan penambahan konsentrasi enzim (α-amilase dan glukoamilase) dan lama fermentasi terhadap produksi bioetanol dari dedak sorgum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dedak sorgum manis dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol dengan waktu fermentasi optimum selama 48 jam dengan penambahan konsentrasi enzim α-amilase : glukoamilase (0,5 : 1,5) ml/kg dengan hasil rendemen sebanyak 20,88%

Penggandaan Skala Produksi Bioetanol dari Tongkol Jagung

The effort to search for alternative energy materials that do not compete with food and feed is necessary and urgent. Lignocellulosic biomass is one potential source of renewable energy. Scalinge up methodproduction of bioenergy production from laboratory scale to industrial scale needs to be studied and developed. The aim of this study is to find get scalinge up method o0f the bioethanol production from corn cobs. An Eexperiments on scalinge up of bioethanol production from laboratory scale to industrial scale was is done by the Pg / V constant method (stirring power per volume). Scale up calculations based on data from fermented liquid rheological characteristics and specifications fermenters are used. The results showed that the calculation of basic scale up bioethanol production capacity bioreactor of 200 l, obtained working volume of 65% or 130 l, high of liquid fermentation 0.840 m, diameter tank bioreactor 0.441 m, diameter of a stirrer of turbine type of flat 0.187 m and the speed of agitation at 66.34 rpm. Based on the calculation of basic scale up bioethanol production capacity bioreactor of 10,000 l, obtained working volume of 65% amounting to 6,500 l, high of liquid fermentation 2.87 m, diameter tank bioreactor 1.49 m, diameter of a stirrer of turbine type of flat 0.63 m and the speed of agitation at 29.52 rpm