Evaluation of granisetron as an antiemetic in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia

Background: PONV most common complications related to surgery and anaesthesia despite major advances in spinal, epidural and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia techniques IONV are still present in a significant number of patients. Ondansetron, used for controlling PONV induced by chemotherapy or radiation. Recently 5HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron has more potent, selective and longer acting activity than ondansetron. Granisetron is more active for control of PONV in cisplatin induced vomiting than ondansetron. It also reduces PONV in strabismus repair, tonsillectomy, and general surgeries, it has less side effects as compared to ondansetron. Objective of the study was to study efficacy and safety of granisetron and compare it with ondansetron for prevention of IONV and PONV.Methods: 80 ASA grade I and II women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia were studied. Patients in group A received injection granisetron 2 mg and group B injection ondansetron 4 mg,10 minutes prior to induction of spinal anaesthesia. Main outcome measures were occurrence of nausea, retching or vomiting in intraoperative and postoperative period at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours’ post-surgery. The response of patient to therapy and side effects were evaluated in both groups. The results were analyzed by ‘z’ test (p<0.5) considered significant.Results: Demographic characteristics of both groups were comparable patients in granisetron (80%) had more complete response as compared to ondansetron (47.5%). Adverse effects were lower in granisetron group.Conclusions: Granisetron 2 Mg has better efficacy and safety profile than ondansetron 4 Mg

New species of genus Eimeria(Eimeria shivpuri ) in Broiler chicken(Gallus Gallus Domesticus) from Aurangabad (M.S.) India.

The objective of this study was first to investigate the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis and to identify the coccidial species occurring in the study area on local strain .The study involved   survey, fecal examination, and identification of coccidial species based on their morphology, predilection site in the intestine and sporulation time.Chicken is more susceptible to Eimeria tenella, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria praecox, Eimeria maxima. During our investigation three new species i.e. Eimeria nikamae, Eimeria tarabaie, Eimeria shivpuri, were recorded in Broiler chicken from Aurangabad district of Maharashtra.Â

Study of Eimeria necatrix in broiler chicken from Aurangabad District of Maharashtra state India

The objective of this study was first to investigate the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis and to identify the coccidial species occurring in the study area on local strain .The study involved   survey, fecal examination, and identification of coccidial species based on their morphology, predilection site in the intestine and sporulation time. During the present study ten species of Eimeria are found in Broiler chicken. Seven species are redescribed and three are new species. Â

Study of Ciliate Commensals from the Gills of Freshwater Bivalves (Molluscs: Bivalvia) of Jayakwadi Dam, Paithan, (M.S.), India

Samples of bivalve species viz. Lamillidens marginalis L. corrianus and Indonaia caeruleus were collected from the Jayekwadi dam. Three species of obligate commensalistic ciliates, Conchophthirus acuminatus, C. curtus and C. nikamentus n.sp. belonging to genus Conchophthirus were observed on the gills and mantle cavity of bivalve. Prevalence of the ciliate infection were reported for all three species of bivalves and Conchophthirus.  Correlation of infection intentisity with the length of shell in three species of bivalves were studied

Comparative study of seasonal incidence (Monsoon) of Chicken coccidia in different eight districts , Marathwada region (M.S.)

During the period of 4 months (Monsoon Season) that is from, Jul,2011 - Oct, 2011, total 699 faecal samples were examined for coccidial infections, out of which 172 samples were positive the percentage of prevalence being 25.40%. Comparative study of different eight districts shows minor differences in prevalence

Percentage Prevalence of Eimerian Species Composition of Sheep and Goats from Beed District, Maharashtra

During the present study ten specimens of Eimeria from sheep and twelve species of Eimeria from goats were encountered. The relative prevalence of the sheep and goats are analysed

ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SUITABLE WATER HARVESTING SITE IN GEOSPATIAL ENVIRONMENT

Water is the prime requirement for agriculture, domestic uses and industrial production. In India the per capita available of water is decreasing at a higher rate due to impact of climate change and ever-increasing population. Rainwater harvesting is the technique which is being used in effective storing of surface runoff. There are various types of water harvesting structures namely check dam, farm pond, percolation tank, etc. However, identification of potential site for the construction of the particular water harvesting structure is bit difficult as it depends upon numerous parameters such as soil type, slope, water availability, land use and land cover of the site and the surrounding, etc. The guidelines such as Food and Agriculture Organization; Integrated Mission for Sustainable Development are available for selecting suitable site for water harvesting structures. As the site suitability analysis involves multiple parameters for decision making, in the present study, the selection of suitable site for check dam is made through analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in geospatial domain for Hatni watershed, Madhya Pradesh, India. As location for check dam construction is influenced by soil texture, slope of the terrain, land use land cover, stream order and water availability; these parameters were derived from remote sensing data and analysed. The slope and stream network layers were generated from the digital elevation model (DEM). Further, the influence of soil and water availability in identifying the suitable sites was studied through soil texture and curve number. Different parameters influence the site suitability analysis, therefore, in the present study, IMSD guidelines were used to assign weights to each parameter under consideration. The layers were assigned weights by AHP technique based on pairwise comparison. The layers were reclassified according to the weights, then overlay analysis has been done to get the final site suitability map. As remote sensing provides the synoptic coverage of the earth, it has been further utilised to study the impact of water harvesting structure on its surrounding. The land use land cover map of before and after the construction of water harvesting structure was analysed for change in vegetation condition. It was observed that the vegetative cover has increased after implementation of the water conservation measures. It may be concluded that the geospatial technology has immense potential in site suitability studies for water harvesting structures

Seed germination and seedling physiology of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.) under chloride salinity

Seed germination and seedling physiology of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) was investigated under salinity induced by NaCl. Five different salinity levels (0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mM) were used. The results revealed that seed germination and seedling growth were significantly retarded due to salinity. Significant accumulation of various osmolytes like reducing sugars and total sugars, proline, glycine betaine and total free amino acids was recorded with increasing salinity. The reduction in protein and starch content of seedlings under stress condition was concentration dependent. The studies suggested that ajowan is moderately tolerant to salt stress at seed germination stage. &nbsp

Unraveling the cytotoxic potential of Temozolomide loaded into PLGA nanoparticles

BACKGROUND: Nanotechnology has received great attention since a decade for the treatment of different varieties of cancer. However, there is a limited data available on the cytotoxic potential of Temozolomide (TMZ) formulations. In the current research work, an attempt has been made to understand the anti-metastatic effect of the drug after loading into PLGA nanoparticles against C6 glioma cells. Nanoparticles were prepared using solvent diffusion method and were characterized for size and morphology. Diffusion of the drug from the nanoparticles was studied by dialysis method. The designed nanoparticles were also assessed for cellular uptake using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. RESULTS: PLGA nanoparticles caused a sustained release of the drug and showed a higher cellular uptake. The drug formulations also affected the cellular proliferation and motility. CONCLUSION: PLGA coated nanoparticles prolong the activity of the loaded drug while retaining the anti-metastatic activity

On Multiview Analysis for Fingerprint Liveness Detection

Fingerprint recognition systems, as any other biometric system, can be subject to attacks, which are usually carried out using artificial fingerprints. Several approaches to discriminate between live and fake fingerprint images have been presented to address this issue. These methods usually rely on the analysis of individual features extracted from the fingerprint images. Such features represent different and complementary views of the object in analysis, and their fusion is likely to improve the classification accuracy. However, very little work in this direction has been reported in the literature. In this work, we present the results of a preliminary investigation on multiview analysis for fingerprint liveness detection. Experimental results show the effectiveness of such approach, which improves previous results in the literatur