Systematic Literature Review untuk Membuat Model Aplikasi Pemantauan Kesehatan Cardiovascular

Human Computer Interaction (HCI) research and in particular USAbility aspects for cardiovascular disease (CVD) health monitoring  application  in  the  developing  countries  have  been  an  underresearch phenomenon.  In  the  era  of digitization, heart patients are relying more on cardiovascular disease (CVD) health monitoring applications on mobile devices to monitor their hearts' conditions. In order for the applications to be USAble by the CVD patients, several USAbility aspects such as ease of use, learnability, effectiveness, flexibility and attitude of users are imperative in determining the USAbility of the applications. This research investigates the integration of USAbility aspects into CVD health monitoring application by USAbility engineers and system developers. This research employs Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method on USAbility aspects of CVD health monitoring applications. This research proposes a conceptual model called the Usability of Cardiovascular Health Monitoring Application Model (uCALM). The model aims to improve the USAbility aspects of CVD health monitoring application for the benefits of the patients and their cardiologists

Reduced graphene oxide-multiwalled carbon nanotubes hybrid film with low Pt loading as counter electrode for improved photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitised solar cells

In this work, the role of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with hyperbranched surfactant and its hybridisation with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) as counter electrode (CE) were investigated to determine the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs). Sodium 1,4-is(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl)- 1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulphonate (TC14) surfactant was utilised as dispersing and stabilising agent in electrochemical exfoliation to synthesise graphene oxide (GO) as initial solution for rGO production prior to its further hybridisation and fabrication as thin film. A chemical reduction process utilising hydrazine hydrate was conducted to produce rGO due to the low temperature process and water-based GO solution. Subsequently, hybrid solution was prepared by mixing 1 wt% MWCNTs into the produced rGO solution. TC14-rGO and TC14-rGO_MWCNTs hybrid solution were transferred into fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate to fabricate thin film by spraying deposition method. Finally, the CE films were prepared by coating with thin Pt NPs. Photoanode film was prepared by a two-step process: hydrothermal growth method to synthesise titanium dioxide nanowires (TiO2 NWs) and subsequent squeegee method to apply TiO2 NPs. According to solar simulator measurement, the highest energy conversion efficiency (η) was achieved by using CE-based TC14-rGO_MWCNTs/Pt (1.553%), with the highest short current density of 4.424 mA/cm2. The highest η was due to the high conductivity of CE hybrid film and the morphology of fabricated TiO2 NWs/TiO2 NPs. Consequently, the dye adsorption was high, and the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs was increased. This result also showed that rGO and rGO_MWCNTs hybrid can be used as considerable potential candidate materials to replace Pt gradually

Construction of Hexagonal Structures Using a 3D Bioprinter Based on Customized G-Code:

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is adopted from the existing technology of 3D printing that is able to recreate the microenvironment of tissue structures or organs. However, the existing printing mechanism is normally based on slices of a 3D structure in computer-aided slicer software and prints in horizontal and diagonal manners. Such printing mechanism involving soft bioink which does not polymerise in short period of time produces distorted constructs due to the thixotropic properties of the bioink. To circumvent this problem, G-codes for simple 3D bioprinting mechanism were derived. A 3D bioprinter has been developed to implement unidirectional printing for different concentration of bioink. The modified coding was successfully customized for printing single layer to multilayer hexagonal structures. Additionally, the dimension accuracy of the 3D printing in producing similar dimensions of a design in CAD software is highly dependent on the concentration of the bioink applied. The results show that up to 97 % of printing accuracy can be achieved by applying 10: 50 % v/v of alginate/gelatin bioink

A review of gelatin: properties, sources, process, applications, and commercialisation

This review begins with a discussion of the general properties of gelatin and its sources, particularly in the food and health industries, and then briefly address the status quo of gelatin in today’s market. Apart from the basic chemical compounds and gelatin types, this paper also discussed the commercialisation of gelatin. This study also highlights the production of conventional gelatin and its current method of processing, i.e. enzymatic hydrolysis. In addition, the variety of raw materials of collagen is outlined and briefly broached the plant hydrocolloids which have been labeled as ’veggie-gelatin’. With regard to the potential and market stability of gelatin, its recent studies are summarised in this paper. Accordingly, this paper focuses on assessing the general utilities of the various sources of collagen as gelatin derivatives. At that basis, the aim of this review is to provide an insight into gelatin in current applications, market value and progress in gelatin extraction

Effect of annealing temperatures on TiO2 thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis deposition method

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles thin film has been successfully synthesized by a spray pyrolysis deposition method by using an air compressor on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate and was annealed at different temperature. TiO2 is the most common oxide as an electrode in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) which still has chances of improvements to increase its efficiency as an electrode. The efficiency of a DSSC was relatively low but modifications on every part of a DSSC were currently in research progress and an increase in adsorbed dye molecules was considered a potential. Thus, the influences of annealing temperature on structural and morphological properties of TiO2 have been studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively, while the efficiency of the films in a solar cell was studied by a solar simulator. The FESEM result showed several degrees of porosity obtained by varying the annealing temperature. The crystallinity of TiO2 investigated by XRD showed that the crystallinity of the TiO2 thin films was generally unaffected by the annealing temperature. The relationship between the properties and the efficiency of the films as an electrode was also studied

Analysis of AC-DC Converter Circuit Performance With Difference Piezoelectric Transducer Array Connection

This research presents a simulation analysis for the AC-DC converter circuit with a different configurations of the array connection of the piezoelectric sensor. The selection of AC-DC converter circuits is full wave bridge rectifier (FWBR), parallel SSHI (P-SSHI) and parallel voltage multiplier (PVM) with array configuration variation in series (S), parallel (P), series-parallel (SP) and parallel-series (PS). The system optimizes with different load configurations ranging from 10 kΩ to 1 MΩ. The best configuration of AC-DC converter with an appropriate array piezoelectric connection producing the optimum output of harvested power is presented. According to the simulation results, the harvested power produced by using P-SSHI converter connected with 3 parallel piezoelectric transducer array was 85.9% higher than for PVM and 15.88% higher than FWBR

CASE REPORT: Papillary Adenoma of Kidney- An Incidental Autopsy Finding: Report of Two Cases

Background: Renal papillary adenoma is usually an incidental finding at autopsy with an incidence of 7% to 23%. The frequency of small papillary tumours of kidney increases with age to approximately 40% of the population over the age of 65. These tumours occur morefrequently in scarred kidneys, acquired renal cystic disease and in children with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Case history: In this report we describe renal papillary adenoma incidentally detected during autopsies of two elderly males. Gross examination of kidneyshowed two tiny subcapsular yellowish nodules in one case and single nodule with similar morphology in the other. Microscopic examination in both the cases showed a well circumscribed tumour composed of densely packed tubules and papillae lined by small cuboidal to columnar cells with rounded uniform nuclei. However there was no nuclear atypia, mitosis or necrosis

International tourist arrivals from China to Malaysia: An empirical analysis

In line with the Malaysia Tourism Transformation Plan 2020, this study attempts to investigate the determinants of tourism demand in Malaysia by tourists from China. Based on monthly time series data (1995 to 2013), the study employed co-integration and error correction technique in examining the determinants of tourism demand in Malaysia by tourists from China.The findings reveal that income is significant in determining international tourist arrivals from China.As for the alternative destination, the result shows that Thailand is a substitute destination whereas Singapore is a complement destination for Malaysia. Therefore, increase in the prices of tourism in Thailand will increase tourist arrivals from China to Malaysia while a decrease in the prices of tourism in Singapore will increase tourists‘ arrivals from China to Malaysia

Annealing temperature induced improved crystallinity of ysz thin film

Six YSZ thin films (YSZTFs) were prepared at varied annealing temperature (380 °C to 600 °C) by radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. Glancing angle x-ray diffraction (GAXRD) pattern revealed the polycrystalline nature of all films with crystallite size in the range of 9 to 15 nm. Sample annealed at 400 °C displayed the lowest microstrain (0.262) and crystallinity (60%). FESEM images disclosed dense, homogeneous and crack free growth of annealed samples compared to as-deposited one. EDX spectra detected the right elemental compositions of films. AFM images showed growth evolution of YSZ grains with size range between 0.2 to 5 nm and improved films' surface roughness. HRTEM measurement of the studied YSZTFs exhibited lattice orientation and atomic structure of nucleated YSZ nanocrystallites. Furthermore, film annealed at 500 °C divulged less oriented structure because of dislocation