Spectroscopic Observation on the Combustion Characteristics of Japanese Traditional Oil Lamp

In this research, spectroscopic measurement has been made to investigate the combustion characteristics of a Japanese traditional oil lamp, called toumyou, that has been used since ancient periods until present. Combustion characteristics, i.e. flame stability and temperature, were analyzed by using a temperature video camera. Spectral emission intensity of hydroxyl (OH) radical (band head of 310 nm) was measured by using a UV-visible spectrometer and visualized by a CCD camera while the brightness was measured using a lux meter. The experimental result showed that the flames of vegetable oils burned were stable and temperatures ranged over about 1000-2500ºC. In addition, the emission intensity of OH radical was successfully detected by the UV-visible spectrometry and visualized by the CCD Camera. The emission intensities of OH radical from flames of coconut oil and palm oil were higher than those of other tested vegetable oils. From measurement using a lux meter, it was obtained that coconut oil gives the brightest flame

Laser diagnostics of pulverized coal combustion in O2/N2 and O2/CO2 conditions: velocity and scalar field measurements

Optical diagnostic techniques are applied to a 21 kW laboratory-scale pulverized coal–methane burner to map the reaction zone during combustion, in mixtures with varying fractions of O2, N2 and CO2. Simultaneous Mie scatter and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) measurements have been carried out to study the effect of the oxidizer/diluent concentrations as well as the coal-loading rate. The spatial distribution of soot is captured using laser-induced incandescence (LII). Additionally, velocity profiles at selected axial locations are measured using the pairwise two-dimensional laser Doppler velocimetry technique. The OH PLIF images capture the reaction zones of pilot methane–air flames and the variation of the coal flame structure under various O2/CO2 compositions. Coal particles devolatilize immediately upon crossing the flame interface, so that the Mie scatter signal almost vanishes. Increasing coal-loading rates leads to higher reaction rates and shorter flames. LII measurements show that soot is formed primarily in the wake of remaining coal particles in the product regions. Finally, differences in the mean and RMS velocity field are explained by the combined action of thermal expansion and the changes in particle diameter between reacting and non-reacting flows.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Counci