Manajemen dana zakat di Badan Amil Zakat daerah (BAZDA) kabupaten Kendal

Zakat sebagai rukun Islam yang ke tiga merupakan kewajiban setiap muslim yang mampu untuk membayarnya dan diperuntukkan bagi mereka yang berhak menerimanya. Pengelolaan yang baik zakat merupakan sumber dana potensial yang dimanfaatkan untuk memajukan kesejahteraan umum bagi seluruh masyarakat. Bulan Oktober 2012, Sebanyak 397.540 dari 1,2 juta jumlah warga di Kabupaten Kendal Jawa Tengah, tergolong miskin. Jumlah ini lebih banyak atau naik sekitar 40 persen, dibandingkan data terakhir pada tahun 2010. Kenaikan itu disebabkan banyaknya warga Kendal yang sudah tidak bekerja, karena ada putus hubungan kerja (PHK) yang dilakukan oleh pabrik tempatnya bekerja. Melihat kenyataan ini, maka aplikasi zakat perlu diterapkan apalagi mayoritas penduduk Indonesia beragama Islam. Namun di sisi lain, potensi zakat yang berhasil dihimpun oleh lembaga zakat masih jauh dari target. Hal ini menuntut adanya pengaturan dana yang professional sehingga potensi dana umat yang masih terbatas ini bisa dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Atas dasar inilah, penulis tertarik melakukan penelitian di Badan Amil Zakat Daerah (BAZDA) Kabupaten Kendal dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen dana di lembaga ini, baik dari aspek penghimpunan, pendistribusian, dan pendayagunaannya serta kendala-kendala yang dihadapi oleh Badan Amil Zakat ini. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Metode ini dipilih karena didasarkan atas desain penelitian, pendekatan penelitian serta sumber data yang digali sebagai data penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisa antara teori yang sudah ada dengan realitas di lapangan, yaitu mengkaji bagaimana aplikasi manajemen pengelolaan dana zakat dan praktek pengelolaan yang ada di BAZDA Kendal mulai dari aspek penghimpunan, pendistribusian, dan pendayagunaan dana yang ada. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yaitu wawancara, dan data sekunder yaitu berupa buku-buku dan internet. Teknik pengumpulan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari sisi penghimpunan di BAZDA Kabupaten Kendal Penghimpunan di BAZDA Kabupaten Kendal menggunakan Metode Fundraising Langsung (Direct Fundraising) yaitu mengirimkan pemberitahuan penghimpunan zakat melalui surat yang dikirim ke unit pengelola zakat (UPZ), telefundrising yaitu melalui via telephone dan presentasi langsung melalui kegiatan seminar dan sosialisasi. Metode Fundraising Tidak Langsung (Indirect fundraising) yaitu melalui perantara bank, melalui referensi dari berbagai instansi/perusahaan yang ada di Kendal dan mediasi para tokoh yang memiliki pengaruh dalam penghimpunan zakat. Pendistribusian zakat yang pertama dilakukan secara konsumtif yaitu penyaluran dana zakat yang di berikan langsung kepada mustahiq berupa paket sembako dan uang. Kedua, pendistribusian secara produktif (Pendayagunaan) diberikan dalam bentuk bantuan modal berupa pemberian pinjaman bergulir Rp 1.000.000 tanpa bunga dengan angsuran Rp 100.000 selama 9 kali untuk meningkatkan hasil usah

Kalibrasi Jangka Sorong Nonius (Vernier Calliper) Berdasarkan Standar Jis B 7507 di Laboratorium Pengukuran Teknik Mesin Universitas Riau

Vernier calliper is very much used either by measurement laboratories and production. Vernier calliper measurement tools necessary to calibrate each period of 12 months, with a calibration done will determine the value of the correction/error and the value of the measurement uncertainty of measuring instruments vernier calliper. In this study calibration of vernier calliper follow the standard JIS B 7507 - 1993 at which the standard has been described specification requirements vernier calliper. Based on the results of the calibration has been done vernier calliper I have a maximum error of 0.00042 mm and the value of the uncertainty confidence level at 95% with a coverage factor of k = 2 is U95 = ±59.02 μm, vernier callipers II has a maximum error of 0.01994 mm and uncertainties confidence level at 95% with a coverage factor of k = 2 is U95 = ±59.42 μm. Both vernier callipers meets the requirements based on JIS B 7507-1993

Review on Energy Efficiency using the Ecotect Simulation Software for Residential Building Sector

[EN] The building sectors are recognized as one of the essential contributors of global warming and climate change because of their high energy use. The building sector is responsible for 40% of all energy usage and 40% of the CO2 emissions in the developed countries. Researchers in the world are working on energy management and conservation using simulation software to develop strategies that lead to an overall reduction of energy consumption in the buildings. This review is considered a modeling and simulation approach with a specific focus on residential building. Modeling and simulation methods reviewed are presented categorically as per the strategic approach adopted by the researchers. Simulation results available for residential building energy are also introduced. This research has reviewed the capabilities and performances on Ecotect simulation and modeling, including daylighting, solar radiation, thermal analysis, and shading for energy management and conservation of residential building. Different modeling and simulation approaches, from various building and climate, were reviewed and discussed. The analysis of present work greatly help the researchers' decision-making and selection of software to perform various simulations in energy management of residential buildings.Amani, N.; Sabamehr, A.; Palmero Iglesias, LM. (2022). Review on Energy Efficiency using the Ecotect Simulation Software for Residential Building Sector. International Journal of Energy and Environment (IJEE). 13(3):284-294. https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2022.13.03.0828429413

BIOACTIVITY OF ANTIDESMA BUNIUS LEAVES (EUPHORBIACEAE) AND THEIR MAJOR PHENOLIC CONSTITUENTS

Chromatographic fractionation of the methanol extract of Antidesma bunius leaves afforded six polyphenols, namely, corilagin (1), gallic (2), ferrulic (3) and ellagic (4) acids in addition to the flavone vicinin II (5) and the dimmer amentoflavone (6). Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRESI analysis. This is the first reported occurrence of the biflavone (amentoflavone) and vicinin in this species. The total phenolic content was estimated at 90 mg/ml of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 g plant extract using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant biochemical assay of the plant methanol extract was carried out using culture medium of hepatocyte cell lines. An increase in glutathione reductase enzyme and a reduction of the nitric oxide level in the cell culture revealed that A. bunius leaf extract possesses significant antioxidant activity in comparing with quercetine as a reference. The hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective activities of A.bunius leaf extract and the pure isolated compounds: 1 , 2 and 5 were evaluated by adopting the MTT colorimetric assay. Compounds 1 and 2 revealed a margin of safety on the monolayer hepatocyte with an IC50 > 1000 μg/ml while for 5, IC50 was at 125 μg/ml. The hepatoprotective activities for A.bunius leaf extract, 1 and 2 in comparison to Silymarin (50 μg/ml) were at 6.5, <12.5 and 12.5 μg/ml respectively while 5 did not show hepatoprotective activity at the tested concentrations

Amplification of X- and Y-Chromosome-Specific Regions from Single Human Blastomeres by Polymerase Chain Reaction

The major technological hurdle for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is the inability to provide sufficient quantity and quality of DNA from single blastomeres. Therefore, much effort has been invested in developing methods to provide sufficient quantity of DNA for downstream molecular analyses. The whole genome amplification (WGA) is one approach designed to overcome these problems. This technique would amplify all of the genetic material present in a sample containing low amounts of DNA such as that present in a single cell. The product of WGA method should be amenable for use in polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) - based genetic analysis of single cell samples, such as blastomeres, and for testing of aneuploidy, single gene defects and sex selection. The objective of this study was to apply WGA and PCR techniques to sex determination of preimplantation human embryos (that were created by intracytoplasmic sperm injection "ICSI") for the first time in Gaza Strip. In this study, parts of SRY (Sex-Determining Region on Y chromosome) and glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) genes were amplified in 30 donated surplus embryos by PCR techniques. This study proved that WGA using the REPLI-g Mini Kit (Qiagen,USA) is applicable for very low amounts of DNA and this would open the door to diagnose several inherited diseases by genetic analysis to prevent couples who have risk for passing an inherited disease to offspring from giving birth to affected offspring. Sex determination by PCR is a fast and convenient technique, requiring only one PCR reaction, with the products being easily visualized on an agarose gel and it is useful for examining the sex of embryos prior to transfer to mother′s uterus

A critical evaluation of the usefulness of a coding scheme to categorise levels of reflective thinking

The use of reflective learning journals to encourage higher order learning outcomes is a growing area in higher education research and practice. However, without a unified and clear definition of reflection, identifying and assessing reflection is problematic for educators. In an attempt to address this issue Kember et al. (1999) devised a coding scheme based on the work of Mezirow (1991), to identify and assess levels of reflective thinking in students’ written journals. We evaluated the usefulness of this coding scheme in a business education context. Findings revealed that the scheme was useful in identifying categories of reflective thinking. Initial inter-coder agreement ranged from 50-79%. On average, 65% of the journal content was coded as non-reflection and 35% as reflection. A further outcome of the research was to refine the coding scheme and to provide suggestions for its application in teaching practice

Implementasi Supervisi Klinis Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Kemampuan Guru Mengelola Proses Pembelajaran Pada Guru SD Se-gugus VII Kecamatan Sawan

The School Action Research which was done aimed at finding out the ability of the social subject teachers of elementary school in gugus VII Sawan sub-district in the academic year of 2012/2013 in planning, implementing the learning process, and administration completion, and also finding out the obstacles which were faced by social subject teachers though clinical supervision. This research was conducted in two cycles, in which, the subjects were 21 social subject teachers. The data collection was done by using observation method in order to find out the teachers' ability in planning the learning process and implementing the learning process. Furthermore, the data was analyzed by using statistics descriptive method. The result of the research showed that the implementation of clinical supervision can improve the the teachers' ability in managing the learning process

DEVELOPMENT OF FROZEN-FRIED YAM SLICES: OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESSING CONDITIONS

The research performed on yam processing mainly concerns the production of crisps and flour. However, its transformation into deep-frozen French fries does not necessitate any other equipment than those used for potatoes. The industrial process of production of frozen French fries traditionally includes a pre-frying step. These steps contribute to the development of color and crispness, and the oil partially absorbed inhibits dehydration during the freezing step. The aim of this study was to optimize frying conditions of deep-frozen fried yam (Dioscorea cayenensis var Kponan) slices. The effect of pre-frying time and temperature, final frying time and temperature on the oil uptake, texture, dry matter and colour of the fried yam slices has been studied. Frying conditions optimized with Box-Behnken experimental design were short pre-frying and frying conditions at high temperature characterized by pre-frying temperature at 157-170°C during 5-9s and frying temperature at 181-188°C for 2min 15s-2min 30s; or long pre-frying and frying conditions at low temperature characterized by pre-frying temperature at 150-158°C during 10-15s and frying temperature 170-177°C for 3-3min 15s. An adiabatic system was also developed by means of an insulator in which the core temperature of fried yam slices can be maintained constant at about 55°C after 15min of cooling, facilitating texture measurements at constant temperature. The present results may help in choosing the yam slices frying condition to be applied in order to achieve the desirable fried yam slices quality, required for protection against certain diseases like obesity. These models may also provide guidance as to how to control these quality parameters by altering four key environmental factors, pre-frying temperature and time and, final frying temperature and time. This process can also be commercialized and does not necessitate any other cost for equipment than those used for potatoes French fries and might be an interesting way of added value processing for this highly perishable yam tuber