Boolean Artex Spaces Over Bi-monoids

We define Complimented Artex Space over a Bi-monoid. We define Boolean Artex Space over a Bi-monoid. We give an example of a Boolean Artex space over a bi-monoid. We  prove that the homomorphic image of a Complimented Artex Space over a Bi-monoid is a Complimented Artex Space over the Bi-monoid. We also prove that the homomorphic image of a Boolean Artex Space over a bi-monoid M is a Boolean Artex Space over the bi-monoid M.  We also prove that the Cartesian product of Complimented Artex Spaces over a Bi-monoid  is Complimented Artex Space over the Bi-monoid. Finally we prove the Cartesian product of Boolean Artex Spaces over a bi-monoid M is a Boolean Artex Space over the bi-monoid M. Keywords : Complimented, Distributive Artex Spaces, Homomorphism

SubArtex Spaces Of an Artex Space Over a Bi-monoid

We define SubArtex Space of an Artex space over a  Bi-monoid. We give some examples of SubArtex spaces. We  prove the necessary and sufficient condition for a subset of an Artex space over a bi-monoid to be a SubArtex space. We  prove another equivalent  Proposition for the necessary and sufficient condition for a subset of an Artex space to be a SubArtex space.  We prove a nonempty intersection of two SubArtex spaces of an Artex space over a bi-monoid is  a SubArtex space. Also we prove a nonempty intersection of a family of SubArtex spaces of an Artex space over a bi-monoid is  a SubArtex space.  Finally, we prove, in this chapter, by giving an example, that  the union of two SubArtex spaces need not be a SubArtex spac

Some Special Artex Spaces Over Bi-monoids

We introduce a Special Artex Space over a bi-monoid namely Distributive Artex space over a bi-monoid. We give some examples of Distributive Artex space over bi-monoids. We prove the Cartesian product of any two Distributive Artex Spaces over a bi-monoid is a Distributive Artex Space over the bi-monoid. Also we prove the Cartesian product of a finite number of Distributive Artex Spaces over a bi-monoid is a Distributive Artex Space over the bi-monoid. We prove under the Artex space homomorphism f : A ? B, the homomorphic image of a SubArtex Space of an Artex space A over a bi-monoid is a SubArtex space of B. We prove the homomorphic image of a Distributive Artex Space over a bi-monoid is a Distributive Artex Space over the bi-monoid. We  prove a SubArtex space of a Distributive Artex space over a bi-monoid  is a Distributive Artex space over the bi-mpnoid. We solve three problems on Bounded Artex spaces over bi-monoids. 1.A SubArtex space of a Lower Bounded Artex space  over a bi-monoid need not be a Lower Bounded Artex space over the bi-monoid. 2. A SubArtex space of an Upper Bounded Artex space  over a bi-monoid need not be an Upper Bounded Artex space over the bi-monoid and 3. A SubArtex space of a Bounded Artex space  over a bi-monoid need not be a Bounded Artex space over the bi-monoid. Keywords : Distributive Artex space, Bounded Artex space, Homomorphic imag

Effectiveness of Nursing Care on Clients who have undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the nursing care on clients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The study was evaluative research design. A total 30 clients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and who met the inclusion criteria. The study sample are selected from Life Line Hospital at Chennai, by using the probability simple random sampling technique. The investigator first introduced to the clients and developed a rapport with them. After sample selection the assessment was done. Based on the assessment the nursing care was given. From the pre operative and immediate post operative period to seventh post operative day of clients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The objective of this research were to assess the health status of clients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. To evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care on clients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and to find correlation between demographic variables with effectiveness of nursing care. CONCLUSION: In assessment of 30 samples, most of clients had chest pain, dyspnea, impaired fluid and electrolyte balance, oliguria, acidosis. As soon as nursing care was provided as per protocol. In post test assessment of nursing care the clients maintenance normal body temperature, improved fluid and electrolyte balance, nutritional status, wound healing process, prevention of complications, improved coping abilities of clients and family members. There was statistical significant improvement in health status of clients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in relation to effectiveness of nursing care

A Study of Renal Haemodynamics in Chronic Liver Disease.

INTRODUCTION : Several studies of Chronic liver disease have shown that arterial resistance is increased in cirrhotic patients with ascites. It is related to the severity of cirrhosis and to the renal blood flow, aids in predicting progression into hepatorenal syndrome, and is available as a prognostic factor. The Pulsatility index and resistive index are estimated from blood flow velocity waveform analysis by Doppler studies .They are widely accepted and used as valid indicators of renal vascular resistance. The measurement of renal arterial resistance by Doppler has been found to be useful in the study of organic and/or functional renal diseases in cirrhosis. In fact, elegant studies by Kew and colleagues have demonstrated that with the 133Xe washout technique that the renal blood flow is reduced even in well-compensated cirrhosis. Epstein et al. have also shown in their studies with the 133Xe washout technique and renal angiography that mean renal blood flow and renal cortical perfusion are reduced in cirrhotic patients. At present the renal arterial resistance can be easily assessed by measuring the pulsatality index or resistive index with real-time color Doppler studies of renal arteries. Patients with advanced chronic liver diseases often exhibit an abnormal hemodynamics that is characterized by a hyperdynamic circulation in the splanchnic and systemic areas. Schrier [et al.] proposed that these homodynamic changes might be due to peripheral hemovasodilatation, which could be recognized even in the very early stage of liver cirrhosis. The resulting Peripheral vasodilatation and the resulting reduced systemic vascular resistance might contribute to the reduced effective blood flow estimated from blood flow velocity waveform analysis. AIM OF THE STUDY : 1. To calculate the renal arterial Resistive index, Pulsatility index in patients with chronic liver disease. 2. To calculate renal arterial RI index in patients with chronic liver disease and its correlation with severity of chronic Liver disease. 3. To study the usefulness of RI as a noninvasive predictor of response to diuretic therapy in chronic liver disease. 4. To study renal arterial resistive index and its association with esophageal varices in patients with chronic liver disease. CONCLUSION : 1. Renal Resistive index and pulsatality index are abnormal in most of the patients with cirrhosis. 2. Renal Resistive index and the pulsalility index are increased even in patients with normal renal function tests. 3. Renal Resistive index and pulsatality index show a significant and a positive correlation with increasing grade of cirrhosis. 4. Renal Resistive index is a invasive predictor of response to diuretic treatment of ascites in cirrhosis. 5. A high level of RI correlates with presence of esophageal varices

Modeling Volume Loss of Heat Treated Al 6061 Composites Using an Artificial Neural Network

AbstractIn the present study, artificial neural network (ANN) approach was used to predict the volume loss of heat treated Al 6061 metal matrix composites reinforced with 10% SiC particles and 2% graphite particles. Composite was produced using stir casting process. Volume loss of composite was measured during wear testing in a pin on disc apparatus. Microstructure examination at wear surface was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) architecture with back-propagation neural network that uses gradient descent learning algorithm is utilized. The results clearly revealed that the developed ANN model is reliable and accurate

LIPOSOMES AS TARGETTED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS PRESENT AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVES: A REVIEW

Liposomes are the leading drug delivery systems have played a significant role in the formulation of potent drug to improve therapeutic effect. The mechanism giving rise to therapeutic advantages of liposomes such as the ability of long circulating liposomes to preferentially accumulate at disease sites such as tumours, site of infection, and site of inflammation. There are several new methods of liposomes preparation based on lipid drug interaction and liposomes disposition mechanism including the incubation of rapid clearance of liposomes by controlling particle size, and surface hydration. The liposomes are characterised with respect to physical, chemical and biological parameters. Present applications of liposomes are in field of immunology, dermatology, vaccine adjuvant, eye disorder, and brain targeting therapy. This review would be helpful to the researches working in the area of liposomal drug delivery and educates how this success is being built on to design, effective carriers for genetic drugs. KEY WORDS: Liposome, drug carrier, targeted site, phospholipids, characterisation

A preliminary study on the volume reduction of pre-treatment sludge in seawater desalination by forward osmosis

Forward Osmosis (FO) can be applied to recover water from the pre-treatment sludge of seawater reverse osmosis process. This study investigated the effect of the concentration of two draw solutions (MgCl2 and NaCl) in the reduction of Fe(OH)3 sludge volume and the effect of cross flow velocity on flux through FO membrane. Higher the concentration of NaCl and MgCl2 higher the water flux observed. However, the percentage increase was not significant due to the occurrence of internal concentration polarisation. MgCl2 draws marginally increased water flux than NaCl, when the conditions of feed and draw solutions were similar. Increase in cross flow velocity (from 0.25 to 1.0&thinsp;m/s) marginally changed the flux with both draw solutions as higher cross flow velocities were unproductive to beat the external CP effect along the membrane surface. However, at 1&thinsp;m/s, highest fluxes were obtained for both draw solutions.<br /

MOSQUITO OVICIDAL PROPERTIES OF AGERATINA ADENOPHORA (FAMILY: ASTERACEAE) AGAINST FILARIASIS VECTOR, CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)

ABSTRACT Mosquito-borne diseases with an economic impact create loss in commercial and labor outputs, particularly in countries with tropical and subtropical climates. Mosquito control is facing a threat because of the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Extracts from plants may be alternative sources of mosquito control agents because they constitute a rich source of bioactive compounds that are biodegradable into nontoxic products and potentially suitable for use to control mosquitoes. Insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. In view of the recently increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study was undertaken to assess the ovicidal potential of the crude hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvent extracts from the medicinal plant Ageratina adenophora (A. adenophora) against the filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus) (Diptera: Culicidae). Ovicidal activity was determined against Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquito to various concentrations ranging from 75-450 mg/L under the laboratory conditions. All the five solvents extracts showed moderate ovicidal activity; however, the methanol extract showed the highest ovicidal activity. One hundred percent mortality was observed at 375 mg/L. These results suggest that the plant extracts have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquitoes. This study provides first report on the mosquito ovicidal activity of A. adenophora plant extracts against filariasis vector, Cx. quinquefasciatus