MaxPart: An Efficient Search-Space Pruning Approach to Vertical Partitioning

Vertical partitioning is the process of subdividing the attributes of a relation into groups, creating fragments. It represents an effective way of improving performance in the database systems where a significant percentage of query processing time is spent on the full scans of tables. Most of proposed approaches for vertical partitioning in databases use a pairwise affinity to cluster the attributes of a given relation. The affinity measures the frequency of accessing simultaneously a pair of attributes. The attributes having high affinity are clustered together so as to create fragments containing a maximum of attributes with a strong connectivity. However, such fragments can directly and efficiently be achieved by the use of maximal frequent itemsets. This technique of knowledge engineering reflects better the closeness or affinity when more than two attributes are involved. The partitioning process can be done faster and more accurately with the help of such knowledge discovery technique of data mining. In this paper, an approach based on maximal frequent itemsets to vertical partitioning is proposed to efficiently search for an optimized solution by judiciously pruning the potential search space. Moreover, we propose an analytical cost model to evaluate the produced partitions. Experimental studies show that the cost of the partitioning process can be substantially reduced using only a limited set of potential fragments. They also demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in partitioning small and large tables

Les fracture-luxations transolécraniennes

Les fracture-luxations transolécraniennes sont une entité rare des fracture-luxations du coude. Il s'agit d'une lésion complexe qui peut compromettre le pronostic fonctionnel du coude. Dix patients étaient diagnostiqués dans notre service entre janvier 2005 et novembre 2012. Tous nos patients étaient de sexe masculin, l'âge moyen était de 29 ans. Les fractures de l'olécrane étaient complexes et comminutives dans sept cas et simples chez trois patients. Deux cas étaient associés à des fractures de la tête radiale (Mason III) et deux autres à des fractures de l'apophyse coronoïde. Les résultats étaient évalués après un recul moyen de trois ans et demi par le score de BROBERG et MORREY: trois cas étaient excellents, quatre bons, deux moyens et un mauvais. Cette lésion complexe nécessite une bonne reconstruction de la surface articulaire et une réparation des lésions associées pour permettre une rééducation précoce, seul garant d'une bonne  récupération fonctionnelle.Key words: Transolécranienne, fracture–luxation, Coude, olécran

The undesirable utility of the activity of street vendors : coping and putting on a brave face : Sociology of resistance to the mechanisms of social exclusion

Cette thèse traite de l'activité des biffins vivant en bidonville à Montpellier comme un moyen d'amortir les effets de la pauvreté et résister aux mécanismes d'exclusion sociale. Face à l'urgence de leur situation économique et sociale, aux freins administratifs dans leur parcours d'intégration, certains habitants des bidonvilles choisissent de pratiquer l'activité de biffin. Leur motivation est d'abord de subvenir aux besoins de leur famille. Sur bien des aspects, notamment la proximité avec les déchets, cette activité est perçue comme indésirable dans l'espace public. Cependant, elle est aussi une solution de revenus, d'insertion dans un tissu social et relationnel, et d'insertion professionnelle grâce au passage au régime d'auto-entrepreneur. En définitive, cette activité donne aussi aux biffins la possibilité de revendiquer une place dans la cité.This thesis looks at the work of shantytown workers in Montpellier as a way of cushioning the effects of poverty and resisting the mechanisms of social exclusion. Faced with the urgency of their economic and social situation and the administrative obstacles to their integration, some slum dwellers choose to work as biffins. Their primary motivation is to provide for their families. In many respects, particularly its proximity to waste, this activity is perceived as undesirable in the public space. However, it is also a way of generating income, integrating people into a social fabric and relationships, and finding work thanks to the auto-entrepreneur scheme. Ultimately, this activity also gives the biffins the opportunity to claim a place in the city

Toxicity of bupivacaine encapsulated into liposomes and injected intravenously: Comparison with plain solutions

The acute central nervous system and cardiac toxicities of 0.25% bupivacaine, without adrenalin, encapsulated in multilamellar liposomes were compared with 0.25% plain solutions with and without adrenalin after intravenous infusion at a rate of 0.15 mg · kg-1 · min-1 with an increase of 0.035 mg · kg-1 · min-1 every 10 min. Three groups of six anesthetized, unventilated rabbits were studied. The doses of bupivacaine (in mg · kg-1) which produced seizure, ventricular tachycardia, and asystole were determined. The doses of bupivacaine inducing seizure and ventricular tachycardia were significantly higher for liposomal bupivacaine than for the two plain solutions. A statistical comparison of the cumulative lethal doses of bupivacaine 0.25% with adrenalin and of liposomal bupivacaine led to a P = 0.06. Adrenalin did not modify the systemic toxicity of the local anesthetic. This study showed a reduction of nervous and cardiac toxicity of bupivacaine encapsulated in multilamellar liposomes when infused intravascularly.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Flow cytometry-based diagnostic approach for inborn errors of immunity: experience from Algeria

PurposeIn this study, we retrospectively reviewed the use of flow cytometry (FCM) in the diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) at a single center in Algeria. Sharing insights into our practical experience, we present FCM based diagnostic approaches adapted to different clinical scenarios.MethodsBetween May 2017 and February 2024, pediatric and adult patients presenting with clinical features suggestive of immunodeficiency were subjected to FCM evaluation, including lymphocyte subset analysis, detection of specific surface or intracellular proteins, and functional analysis of immune cells.ResultsOver a nearly seven-year period, our laboratory diagnosed a total of 670 patients (372 (55.5%) males and 298 (44.5%) females), distributed into 70 different IEIs belonging to 9 different categories of the International Union of Immunological Societies classification. FCM was used to diagnose and categorize IEI in 514 patients (76.7%). It provided direct diagnostic insights for IEIs such as severe combined immunodeficiency, Omenn syndrome, MHC class II deficiency, familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and CD55 deficiency. For certain IEIs, including hyper-IgE syndrome, STAT1-gain of function, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, and activated PI3K delta syndrome, FCM offered suggestive evidence, necessitating subsequent genetic testing for confirmation. Protein expression and functional assays played a crucial role in establishing definitive diagnoses for various disorders. To setup such diagnostic assays at high and reproducible quality, high level of expertise is required; in house reference values need to be determined and the parallel testing of healthy controls is highly recommended.ConclusionFlow cytometry has emerged as a highly valuable and cost-effective tool for diagnosing and studying most IEIs, particularly in low-income countries where access to genetic testing can be limited. FCM analysis could provide direct diagnostic insights for most common IEIs, offer clues to the underlying genetic defects, and/or aid in narrowing the list of putative genes to be analyzed