Osteoporosis is a neglected health priority in Arab World: a comparative bibliometric analysis

Osteoporosis is an important health problem with serious consequences. Evaluation of osteoporosis scientific output from Arab countries has not been explored and there are few internationally published reports on research activity about osteoporosis. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the research output originating from Arab countries and 3 Middle Eastern non-Arab countries, particularly Israel, Turkey and Iran in the field of osteoporosis. Original scientific articles or reviews published from the 21 Arab countries, Israel, Turkey and Iran about “osteoporosis” were screened using the ISI Web of Science database. The time frame for the result was up to year 2012. The total number of original and review research articles published globally about osteoporosis was 43,571. The leading country in osteoporosis research was United States of America (14,734; 33.82%). Worldwide, Turkey ranked 16th while Israel and Iran ranked 24th and 31st respectively. Among Arab countries, Egypt and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia came on positions 41 and 45 respectively. A total of 426 documents about “osteoporosis” were published from Arab countries which represents 0.98% of the global research output. Research about osteoporosis from Arab countries was very low until 2002 and then increased steadily. The total number of citations for osteoporosis documents from the Arab world was 5551 with an average citation of 13.03 per document and an h- index of 35. Thirty (7.04%) documents published from Arab countries about osteoporosis were published in Saudi Medical Journal. Egypt, with a total publication of 117 (27.47%) ranked first among the Arab countries in research about osteoporosis while American University in Beirut was the most productive institution with a total of 47 (11.03%) documents. Compared with other non-Arab countries in the Middle East, the research productivity from the Arab countries was lesser than that from Turkey and Israel but higher than that from Iran. The present data showed low research productivity in osteoporosis field in Arab countries. Research output can be improved by investing in more international and national collaborative research projects in the field of osteoporosis

Flood hazard assessment in Yemen using a novel hybrid approach of Grey Wolf and Levenberg Marquardt optimizers

This study aims to map flood susceptibility in the Qaa’Jahran watersheds located in Dhamar, Yemen, using geoprocessing and computational techniques. Historical flood data and SAR imagery were used to monitor and create a flood inventory map. The artificial neutral network (ANN) was trained using a novel algorithm called GWO_LM, which is a hybridization between the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LM) and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) meta-heuristic algorithm and compared the results with state of art machine learning algorithms. The GWO_LM_ANN model exhibited excellent performance in the evaluation, achieving a precision of 97.92%, sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 100%, F1 score of 98.95%, accuracy of 98.75% and AUC of 98.48. This indicates that using GWO_LM for training ANN enhanced the searching process for the optimal weights, resulting in outperforming other state-of-the-art models. The findings hold significant implications for disaster preparedness and response in the Qaa’Jahran watersheds, enabling targeted and efficient non-structural solutions to mitigate the detrimental effects of flash floods in particularly sensitive locations. The use of the previously unexplored GWO_LM model represents a notable advancement in flood susceptibility assessment, surpassing traditional methods and offering novel insights to the existing literature

Hypotension and Bradycardia Following Papaverine Installation During Intracranial Aneurysm Surgery: A Report of Three Cases

Introduction One of the major complications of intracranial aneurysm surgery is vasospasm. Papaverine is an effective vasodilator that can be instilled directly onto the vessels in the operative field with the aim of preventing intraoperative and postoperative vasospasm. Several case reports of hemodynamic instability in general and of hypotension, in particular, were reported after the use of topical papaverine during aneurysm clipping surgery