Peer-to-peer, community self-consumption, and transactive energy: A systematic literature review of local energy market models

Peer-to-peer, community or collective self-consumption, and transactive energy markets offer new models for trading energy locally. Over the past five years, there has been significant growth in the amount of academic literature examining how these local energy markets might function. This systematic literature review of 139 peer-reviewed journal articles examines the market designs used in these energy trading models. A modified version of the Business Ecosystem Architecture Modelling framework is used to extract market model information from the literature, and to identify differences and similarities between the models. This paper examines how peer-to-peer, community self-consumption and transactive energy markets are described in current literature. It explores the similarities and differences between these markets in terms of participation, governance structure, topology, and design. This paper systematises peer-to-peer, community self-consumption and transactive energy market designs, identifying six archetypes. Finally, it identifies five evidence gaps which require future research before these markets could be widely adopted. These evidence gaps are the lack of: consideration of physical constraints; a holistic approach to market design and operation; consideration about how these market designs will scale; consideration of information security; and, consideration of market participant privacy.Algorithmic

Physiological, biochemical, and histological approaches to examining sea lice-salmon interactions

Cytokine genes in fish -- Environmental effects on the ontogeny of non-specific and specific defenses in turbot larvae -- Antibacterial proteins in skin mucus from rainbow trout -- Interferon-induced genes in the rainbow trout -- IPN recombinant vaccines -- DNA vaccination during low temperature and partial starvation -- Protective efficacy of VHSV DNA vaccination in rainbow trout -- Use of poly(DL-Lactide-CO-Glycolide) microparticles as adjuvants in Atlantic salmon -- The effect of environmental salinity and host species on the pathogenesis of Loma salmonae -- Effect of food deprivation on BKD and furunculosis -- Comparison of physiological and biochemical parameters in rainbow trout, coho, and Atlantic salmon following infestation with sea lice -- Physiological, biochemical and histological approaches to examining sea lice-salmon interactions

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Management of potato virus Y (PVY) in potato by some biocontrol agents under field conditions

ABSTRACT The study was conducted to test the activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhodotorula sp and fermented neem extract to protect potato plants against potato virusY disease development under field conditions. Infected potato tubers were soaked in P. fluorescens , Rhodotorula sp suspensions and in fermented neem extracts separately and sown in the field in completely randomized block design. The development of virus symptoms and the accumulation of virus in the plant based on Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were followed. The results obtained showed that the treatment of potato tubers with the three agents have significantly accelerated plant emergence, 5-6 days early than non treated ones, and improved plant growth , the plant dry weights ranged from 120-177 g/plant compared to 42 g/plant in non treated plants. The enhancement of plant growth was found associated with reduction in disease severity based on symptoms development and restriction of virus concentration as proved by ELISA absorbance of 405 nm, 0.14-0.23 compared with 2.50 in non treated plants. The results indicated that the use of bioagent to induce systemic resistance provide an efficient tool, as insecticide alternative to manage potato virus Y in potato