Quantum-Chemical Model for Description of Solvation Effect in Proton-Transfer Reactions. Prediction of Gas-Phase Acidities of Organic Compounds

Electrostatic solvation effects in proton-transfer reactions were described in terms of the AM1 and MNDO energies of electrostatic interaction between a unit positive charge with organic anions. These values were then used to estimate the gas-phase acidities of organic compounds from the ionic acidities in dimethyl sulfoxide. For 35 CH, NH, OH, and SH acids, the difference between the calculated and experimental gas-phase acidities does not exceed 15 kJ/mol (standard deviation 8.3 kJ/mol)

INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS IN AN ADOLESCENT

The article presents the clinical case of invasive aspergillosis in a 15-year-old adolescent with lesions in the spine, ribs and both lungs, and primary immune deficiency which was not diagnosed earlier. In order to diagnose this disease it was necessary to differentiate it from the generalized form of tuberculosis and to perform integral X-ray examination and surgery with consequent morphological and bacteriological examination of the surgical samples

ЛУЧЕВАЯ СЕМИОТИКА ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНОГО ПОРАЖЕНИЯ ГРУДИНЫ И РЕБЕР У ДЕТЕЙ

The objective of the study: to identify specific features of tuberculosis of the sternum and ribs in children using data of CT scans.Subjects and methods. 16 children at the age from 1 to 8 years old with bacteriologically confirmed tuberculous ostitis of the sternum or ribs or perichondritis of the ribs were followed up; from 2013 to 2015, all of them had surgery in the pediatric surgical clinic of St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology. The scans of their computed tomographies performed not earlier than 2 weeks before the surgery were analyzed.Results of the study. Tuberculous ostitis of the sternum and ribs in children is usually characterized by the presence of an extensive destructive cavity with the destruction of the cortical layer and dissemination into soft tissues (clinical examples are given). Sclerosis, swelling of the bone in the affected area, free bone sequestration in the destructive cavity and surrounding soft tissues, described in the literature as typical signs of tuberculous bone lesions, are not often found in tuberculous ostitis of the sternum and ribs in children. Цель исследования: выявление особенностей КТ-картины туберкулеза грудины и ребер у детей.Материалы и методы. Под наблюдением находилось 16 детей в возрасте от 1 года до 8 лет с бактериологически подтвержденным диагнозом туберкулезного остита грудины или ребер либо перихондрита ребер, которые прооперированы в детской хирургической клинике ФГБУ «СПб НИИФ» с 2013 по 2015 г. Проанализированы данные их компьютерных томографий, выполненных не ранее чем за 2 нед. до операции.Результаты исследования. Туберкулезные оститы грудины и ребер у детей, как правило, характеризуются наличием общей деструктивной полости с разрушением кортикального слоя и распространением процесса в мягкие ткани (приведены клинические примеры). Наличие склероза, вздутия кости в зоне поражения, свободных костных секвестров в полости деструкции и окружающих мягких тканях, описываемые в литературе как типичные признаки туберкулезного поражения костей, не часто встречаются при туберкулезных оститах грудины и ребер у детей