472 research outputs found
Covariant Relativistic Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Multi-Component Systems
Non-equilibrium and equilibrium thermodynamics of an interacting component in a relativistic multi-component system is discussed covariantly by exploiting an entropy identity. The special case of the corresponding free component is considered. Equilibrium conditions and especially the multi-component Killing relation of the 4-temperature are discussed. Two axioms characterize the mixture: additivity of the energy momentum tensors and additivity of the 4-entropies of the components generating those of the mixture. The resulting quantities of a single component and of the mixture as a whole, energy, energy flux, momentum flux, stress tensor, entropy, entropy flux, supply and production are derived. Finally, a general relativistic 2-component mixture is discussed with respect to their gravitation generating energy–momentum tensors
Entropy Identity and Material-Independent Equilibrium Conditions in Relativistic Thermodynamics
On the basis of the balance equations for energy-momentum, spin, particle and
entropy density, an approach is considered which represents a comparatively
general framework for special- and general-relativistic continuum
thermodynamics. In the first part of the paper, a general entropy density
4-vector, containing particle, energy-momentum, and spin density contributions,
is introduced which makes it possible, firstly, to judge special assumptions
for the entropy density 4-vector made by other authors with respect to their
generality and validity and, secondly, to determine entropy supply and entropy
production. Using this entropy density 4-vector, in the second part,
material-independent equilibrium conditions are discussed. While in literature,
at least if one works in the theory of irreversible thermodynamics assuming a
Riemann space-time structure, generally thermodynamic equilibrium is determined
by introducing a variety of conditions by hand, the present approach proceeds
as follows: For a comparatively wide class of space-time geometries the
necessary equilibrium conditions of vanishing entropy supply and entropy
production are exploited and, afterwards, supplementary conditions are assumed
which are motivated by the requirement that thermodynamic equilibrium
quantities have to be determined uniquely.Comment: Research Paper, 30 page
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