Impact of Emotional Stability on Self-efficacy and Organizational Commitments of Employees at Nepalese Saving

This study empirically investigated the impact of emotional stability on self-efficacy and organizational commitment of Saving and Credit Co-operative SACCOS employees of Kathmandu The total sample consisted of 400 employees Males 152 Females 248 The samples obtained from 112 SACCOS This research focused on emotional stability trait of International Personality Item Pool IPIP originally developed by Goldberg 1992 This analytical research examined the Co-operative employees emotional instability by using the Mini IPIP five-factor model of Donnellan Oswald Baird Lucas 2006 The result of this study reported that the Mean score 8 76 of females excelled the Mean score 0 07 of males The previous research found that female employees Mean score of emotional stability was significantly lesser than the male counterpart Basnet Regmi 2018 36 and the other standardize scales used to report the result

Motivation & learning strategies : a cross-cultural perspective

200

Cooperative Island Growth of Large-Area Single-Crystal Graphene on Copper Using Chemical Vapor Deposition

In this work we explore the kinetics of single-crystal graphene growth as a function of nucleation density. In addition to the standard methods for suppressing nucleation of graphene by pretreatment of Cu foils using oxidation, annealing, and reduction of the Cu foils prior to growth, we introduce a new method that further reduces the graphene nucleation density by interacting directly with the growth process at the onset of nucleation. The successive application of these two methods results in roughly 3 orders of magnitude reduction in graphene nucleation density. We use a kinetic model to show that at vanishingly low nucleation densities carbon incorporation occurs by a cooperative island growth mechanism that favors the formation of substrate-size single-crystal graphene. The model reveals that the cooperative growth of millimeter-size single-crystal graphene grains occurs by roughly 3 orders of magnitude increase in the reactive sticking probability of methane compared to that in random island nucleation

Graphene Nucleation Density on Copper: Fundamental Role of Background Pressure

<p>In this paper we discuss the effect of background pressure and synthesis temperature on the graphene crystal sizes in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on copper catalyst. For the first time, we quantitatively demonstrate a fundamental role of the background pressure and provide the activation energy for graphene nucleation in atmospheric pressure CVD (9 eV), which is substantially higher than for low pressure CVD (4 eV). We attribute the difference to a greater importance of copper sublimation in low pressure CVD, where severe copper evaporation likely dictates the desorption rate of active carbon from the surface. At atmospheric pressure, where copper evaporation is suppressed, the activation energy is assigned to the desorption energy of carbon clusters instead. The highest possible temperature, close to the melting point of copper, should be used for large single crystal graphene synthesis. Using these conditions, we have synthesized graphene single crystals approaching 1 mm in size. Single crystal nature of synthesized graphene was confirmed by low energy electron diffraction. We also demonstrate that CVD of graphene at temperatures below 1000 oC shows higher nucleation density on (111) than on (100) and (101) copper surfaces but there is no identifiable preference at higher temperatures.</p