Pre-Anesthetic Evaluation: A Needs Assessment of Student Registered Nurse Anesthetists Transitioning to Clinical Practice

The pre-anesthetic evaluation (PAE) is a critical part of providing anesthesia, and an important component of patient safety. Student registered nurse anesthetists (SRNAs) are often required to independently perform the PAE upon entering their clinical training. Stress, anxiety, doubt, a novel environment and time constraints can lead to a lack of confidence and competence at this time. These barriers can result in an inefficient and inadequate assessment. The purpose of this qualitative study was to conduct a needs assessment to determine the overall readiness of SRNAs to independently perform a thorough PAE upon entering clinical residency. A focus group was conducted and qualitative data software was used for thematic analysis. Four main themes were identified from the focus group data. These were barriers to performing the PAE, emotions experienced, facilitators for performing the PAE, and the SRNA’s experience of their role transition. The ability to practice the PAE prior to entering clinical residency as well as using a reference guide are beneficial to SRNAs as they start their clinical residency. These tools can help decrease stress and anxiety allowing for a more consistent, thorough, and efficient PAE

The Relationship of the Different Editions of Daniel: A History of Scholarship

The book of Daniel has one of the more complicated textual histories of any biblical book. It is written in two languages (Hebrew and Aramaic), and the content drastically differs in the two halves of the book (stories in chs. 1–6 and visions in chs. 7–12). Perhaps the most difficult attribute to explain, however, is that it is preserved in several distinct editions, which at times vastly diverge from one another. These are the Masoretic edition in Hebrew and Aramaic, and the Old Greek and Theodotionic editions in Greek. The relationship of these three editions of the book of Daniel has been disputed for more than two hundred years, and a scholarly consensus has not yet been reached. This overview surveys the history of scholarship on the different editions in hopes that future studies on the book of Daniel will give the OG edition equal status with the MT edition of the book, which it has hitherto not received