Long-range Angular Correlations On The Near And Away Side In P-pb Collisions At √snn=5.02 Tev

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Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

A century of trends in adult human height

Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5-22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3-19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8-144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries

Direct Intratumoral Injection of an Adenovirus Expressing Interleukin-12 Induces Regression and Long-Lasting Immunity That Is Associated with Highly Localized Expression of Interleukin-12

http://www.liebertonline.comReproduced by generous permission of the publisher.Mice bearing breast tumors were treated with a single dose of an adenovirus expressing interleukin-12 (AdmIL-12.1) injected intratumorally, which produced regressions in greater than 75% of the treated tumors; approximately one-third of the animals remained tumor free. Complete regression was associated with immunity to secondary challenge with fresh tumor cells. Analysis of local cytokine expression demonstrated maximum expression of IL-12 within the tumor between 24 and 72 hr post-injection, reaching 600-800 ng per tumor, with elevated local levels of IL-12 detectable for at least 9 days. This expression was highly localized as serum IL-12 peaked at 40-60 ng/ml at 24 hr and was less than 10 ng/ml from day 3 onward. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) concentrations were markedly increased within the tumor following AdmIL-12.1 administration, demonstrating that IL-12 was acting locally. Tumor-draining lymph node cells spontaneously produced IFN-gamma following AdmIL-12.1 treatment, suggesting these cells were activated by IL-12. These data demonstrate that AdmIL-12.1 can be used to deliver very high levels of localized cytokine production. Moreover, we have confirmed that the IL-12 produced from our vector actually affects the local cytokine environment of the tumor and activates responder cells present within the tumor